英语-集训一阶阶段测试题

全国统一服务热线：全国统一服务热线：4006682155 1 让有理想的人更加卓越！让有理想的人更加卓越！ 2014 考研考研一阶阶段测试题一阶阶段测试题英语英语 时间：120 分钟满分：100 分姓名：得分： Section IStructure and Vocabulary Directions: In each question, decide which of the four choices will most suitably fill the sentence. (50) 1.His job at the hospital did not pay much, so he found another _. A. on the riseB. on the spotC. on the declineD. on the side 2.The filling station _ because there were too many others on the street. A. fell throughB. went underC. fell outD. went through 3.Air and the suns rays create much distortion, and whatever tends to _ their influence is useful to the astronomer. A. excludeB. eliminateC. extinguishD. impose 4.The lady who had invited us heard me telling my wife that the dinner was terrible so I was _. A. confusedB. nervousC. shamefulD. embarrassed 5.Animals should not be locked in cages; they should be in their normal _. A. environmentB. positionC. residenceD. dwelling 6.Im sorry but what he thinks is not of the _ importance to me. A. merestB. lowestC. lastD. least 7.He offered to_ her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry. A. lendB. helpC. showD. loan 8.Many observers believe that the country will remain in a state of chaos if it fails to solve its _ food shortage problem. A. steepB. sternC. chronicD. characteristic 9.It was the largest experiment we had ever had; it _ six hours. A. endedB. finishedC. prolongedD. lasted 10. The exhibition is designed to _ further cooperation between Chinese TV industry and overseas TV industries. A. hinderB. enhanceC. hamperD. facilitate 11.Psychological studies show that some people are quick-tempered _. A. at heartB. on purposeC. in personD. by nature 2全国统一服务热线：全国统一服务热线：4006682155 Born to win! 精勤求学精勤求学 自强不息自强不息 12. She was putting on her watch when the _ broke and it fell to the ground. A. beltB. strapC. tieD. string 13. Feudal landlords and imperialists are in no way more _ than wolves. A. reasonableB. regardlessC. ridiculousD. rational 14. His name was on the_ of my tongue, but I just couldnt recall it. A. endB. pointC. edgeD. tip 15. The authorities declared that because of the war petrol was _ and had to be rationed. A. inadequateB. rareC. lackedD. scarce 16. How did it _ that the two men arrived to address the same meeting a: the same time? A. fall outB. take placeC. get aroundD. come through 17. He looked incredulous on hearing the news. He seemed to think it_. A. incompatibleB. incredibleC. inclusiveD. indifferent 18. In my opinion, your work does not _ what I expected of you. A. catch up withB. add up toC. come up toD. go in for 19. I broke my relationship with John because he always found _ with rite. A. errorB. mistakeC. faultD. failure 20. Though he did not say so directly, the inspector_ the man was guilty. A. declaredB. impliedC. disclosedD. said 21. At first it seemed that the building would be all right but later it was found to need _. A. installationsB. modificationsC. innovationsD. illustrations 22. We can only give you the _ number of refugees crossing the border at the moment. A. obscureB. approximateC. impartialD. imaginary 23. _refers to the mental map one has of ones surroundings and to the relationship between self and that environment. A. OrganizationB. OrientationC.ArrangementD. Management 24. There are several landladies approved hy the universities who take in _. A. lodgersB. residentsC. inhabitantsD. settlers 25. He is the rudest man I have ever met. Jane, his present secretary, is the only person who can_ him. A. respectB. standC. supportD. dislike 全国统一服务热线：全国统一服务热线：4006682155 3 让有理想的人更加卓越！让有理想的人更加卓越！ SectionIIReading Comprehension Directions: Reading the following three texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (30 points) Text 1 Leadership is hardly a new area of research, of course. For years, academics have debated whether leaders are born or made, whether a person who lacks charismcan become a leader, and what makes leaders fail. Warren G. Bennis, possibly the worlds foremost expert on leading, has, together with his co-author, written two best-sellers on the topic. Generally, researchers have found that you cant explain leadership by way of intelligence, birth order, family wealth or stability, level of education, race, or sex. From one leader to the next, theres enormous variance in every one of those factors. The authors research led to a new and telling discovery: that every leader, regardless of age, had undergone at least one intense, transformational experience what the authors call a “crucible”. These events can either make you or break you. For emerging leaders, they do more making than breaking, providing key lessons to help a person move ahead confidently. If a crucible helps a person to become leader, there are four essential qualities that allow someone to remain one, according to the authors. They are: an “adaptive capacity” that lets people not only survive inevitable setbacks, heartbreaks, and difficulties but also learn from them; an ability to engage others through shared meaning or a common vision; a distinctive and compelling voice that communicates ones conviction and desire to do the right thing; and a sense of integrity that allows a leader to distinguish between good and evil. That sounds obvious enough to be commonplace, until you look at some recent failures that show how valid these dictums are. The authors believe that former Coca-Cola Co. Chairman M. Douglas Ivester lasted just 28 months because “his grasp of context was sorrowful.” Among other things, Ivester degraded Cokes highest-ranking African-Americans even as the company was losing a $200 million class action brought by black employees. Procter however, careful pilot studies for conditions diagnosable at birth need to be done first. Although the report asserted that it would prefer that all screening be voluntary, it did note that if a state requires newborn screening for a particular condition, the state should do so only if there is strong evidence that a newborn would benefit from effective treatment at the earliest possible age. Newborn screening is the most common type of genetic screening today. More than four million newborns are tested annually so that effective treatment can be started in a few hundred infants. Prenatal (preceding birth) testing can pose the most difficult issues. The ability to diagnose genetic disorders in the fetus far exceeds any ability to treat or cure them. Parents must be fully informed about risks and benefits of testing procedures, the nature and variability of the disorders they would disclose, and the options available if test results are positive. Obtaining informed consent a process that would include educating participants, not just processing documents would enhance voluntary participation. When offered testing, parents should receive comprehensive counseling, which should be nondirective. Relevant medical advice, however, is recommended for treatable or preventable conditions. 全国统一服务热线：全国统一服务热线：4006682155 5 让有理想的人更加卓越！让有理想的人更加卓越！ Genetics also can predict whether certain diseases might develop later in life. For single-gene diseases, population screening should only be considered for treatable or preventable conditions of relatively high frequency. Children should be tested only for disorders for which effective treatments or preventive measures could be applied early in life. 31. From the first two paragraphs, we learn that A it is worrisome how genetic testing is utilized and understood. B parents are unwilling to subject their newborns to genetic testing. C medical practitioners have generally employed genetic testing. D there are a higher percentage of newborns with genetic disorders. 32. The phrase “in concert with” in Para. 2 may be best replaced by A “ruling out.” B “combined with” C “leading to.” D “conditioned by.” 33. Why should obligatory screening programs sometimes be implemented? A These programs prove to be superior. B Treatments can be applied at an early age. C The use of genetic screening is sensitive. D Newborns would benefit in certain ways. 34. Which of the following can be one of the problems concerning prenatal testing? A Inactive participation. B Indefinite diagnosis. C Unreliable information. D Ineffective treatments. 35. It can be concluded from the text that genetic testing should be used A conditionally and effectively. B cautiously and voluntarily. C intently and systematically. D widely and constructively. Text 3 Fundamentally, income disparity describes two disparate groups: rich and poor. It is hardly news that the rich are getting richer. The underlying story is a familiar one: the wealthiest households own the most assets, namely stocks, and asset prices have risen at a ferocious pace in recent years. Beyond the standard explanation, it is also the case that the emergence of technology, rising productivity, and an expanding global market have brought forth a new upper class among corporations. These newly wealthy firms pay skilled employees well and in an ever-tighter labor market, they are forced to constantly sweeten their employees compensation. Then there are the poor, where conditions are a little murky. Falling unemployment, anecdotal evidence of rising starting wages for low-level service jobs, and the relative non-event of welfare reform so far suggest that conditions at the low end are improving. Yet at the same time, whole communities under siege by crime and hopelessness cannot be ignored. That said, income inequality as a blanket indictment on our economic system does not fly. Income disparity is the gas that runs our economic engine. The ability to someday earn more, to live at a higher standard, is what gets people out of bed in the morning, particularly in our consumer-oriented economy. Income disparity only 2全国统一服务热线：全国统一服务热线：4006682155 Born to win! 精勤求学精勤求学 自强不息自强不息 becomes a problem if it widens to the extent that the labor force believes that greater wealth can only be achieved by the already wealthy. Indeed, it is unreasonable to state that income disparity is eroding the labor forces will to improve productivity and move ahead. Increasing labor force participation, record homeownership, surging consumer confidence and spending, near-record levels of immigration, and urban renewal are all anecdotal evidence that hopes are high. All types of people are flourishing in the New Economy and there is sufficient evidence to suggest that most still want their shot at the brass ring. It is also important to remember that it is not the ultimate goal of every person to be fabulously rich. One of the fundamentals of economics is that one decides how hard to work, where to work, and what risks to take. Monetary wealth is not the sole means of maximizing utility. Each person has a finite life span and finite abilities; it is up to the individual to apply those as they see fit. The wealthy getting wealthier is not always evidence to others that they themselves are falling behind. 36. The author holds that income disparity is something A getting worse because of undue pay rises. B that can be seem as a response to economic expansion. C attributed to the consumer-oriented economy. D that improving productivity is chiefly responsible for. 37. Which of the following best defines the word “murky” (Para. 1)? A desperate. B threatening. C mischievous. D depressing. 38. By saying “most still want their shot at the brass ring”, the author implies that A People may have expected too much of the economic system. B The poor have long been in great financial difficulties. C Most people decide to live a much higher standard like a shot. D All types of people are entitled to equal payment. 39. What can be inferred from the passage? A Skilled employees are more likely to become richer. B Income disparity will disappear sooner or later. C Income inequality is not necessarily detrimental to the poor. D Economic situation falls short of peoples expectations. 4