英语中几个常见连词and

英语中几个常见连词and,but,or的用法汇总and的六点用法(1) 表示联合，意为“和”、“又”、“而且”：We were cold and hungry. 我们饥寒交迫。I woke up and got out of bed. 我醒了就起床了。He played the piano and she sang. 他弹钢琴，她唱歌。(2) 有时用于连接两个相同的词语，表示连续性：The train ran faster and faster. 火车开得越来越快。We waited for hours and hours. 我们一直等了好几个小时。The boys laughed and laughed. 这些孩子笑个不停。【注】但有时连接两个相同名词表示不同的质量和种类：There are dictionaries and dictionaries. 词典很多，有好有坏。Dont worrythere are rules and rules. 别担心规则与规则不一样。(3) 在口语中用在 come, go, run, stay, stop, try 等之后表示目的，大致相当于不定式符号 to：Come and have tea with me. 过来跟我一起喝杯茶。We ought to stop and think. 我们应该停下来想一想。(4) 有时用在祈使句后，表示结果，意为“那么”：Work hard and youll succeed. 努力干吧，你会成功的。Arrive late once more and youre fired. 你再迟一次，你就会被开除。比较：If you work hard, youll succeed. 如果你努力干，你会成功的。(5) 有时表示对比(有类似but的意思)：He is rich, and (yet) leads a modest life. 他很富有，但却过着朴素的生活。Robert is secretive and David is candid. 罗伯特深藏不露，而戴维则有啥说啥。(6) 用在 good, nice, fine 等之后，表示“很”，“挺”：Its nice and cool under the tree. 这树下很凉快。The book is good and expensive. 这本书很贵。or的用法归纳表示选择，意为“或”“还是”：Is the radio off or on? 无线电关上了还是开着的?Would you prefer tea or coffee? 你喜欢茶还是咖啡？Is he asleep or awake? 他睡着了还是醒着?Are you going to America by boat or by air? 你到美国是坐船还是坐飞机？You may go or stay, according as you decide. 是去是留由你自己决定。Are you from North China or South China? 你是华北人还是华南人?You can come now or you can meet us there later. 你可以现在来，也可以稍晚和我们在那里碰头。表示一种否定的条件，意为“否则”：Come on, or well be late. 快点，否则我们要迟到了。Hurry up, or youll be late for school. 赶快，否则你上学就要迟到了。Dress warmly, or else youll catch cold. 穿暖和点，否则你会感冒的。Be careful, or youll break that vase! 小心，否则你会把那花瓶打碎!Cross the road very carefully. Look both ways, or you might be knocked down. 过马路要非常小心，要看两边，不然会被车撞倒。可表示“要不就是”：He must be joking, or else hes mad. 他一定在说笑话，要不就是疯了。The book must be here, or else youve lost it. 这书一定在这儿，要不就是你丢失了。用于否定句中代替and。He was not clever or good-looking. 他不聪明，也长得不好看。比较：They sang and danced. 他们既唱歌又跳舞。They didnt sing or dance. 他们既没有唱歌也没有跳舞。用于习语The work is more or less finished. 工作大体上完成了。They consist of 1700 or more tribes. 他们由1700个或更多部族构成。Theres just one or two details I want to make sure about. 还有一两个细节我想弄清楚。Either your mother or your father may come with you. 你母亲或是你父亲会陪你去。but的用法举例1. 连接词或短语It was a sunny but not very warm day. 那一天天气晴朗，却不太暖和。He drives not carefully but slowly. 他开车不是很小心，而是开得很慢。2. 连接句子This isnt a good one but it will answer. 这不太好，但可以将就用。He looks honest, but actually hes a rogue. 他看起来很老实，实际他是一个坏蛋。She has had no answer to him but he gave no answer. 我向他说了早上好，但他没有回应。The ice remained, but there was no water underneath. 冰还在，但下面却没有水。Mrs. Brown was about to begin, but Jennie spoke first. 布朗夫人正要开始讲话，珍妮先讲了。At first he was a little shy, but now he acts more natural. 开始时他有些腼腆但现在他表现得很自然了。There was a little trouble at first, but things were soon quiet. 起初有点小麻烦后来情况就平静了。3. 用于句首But that question doesnt arise. 但没发生那个问题。But in secret she was delighted. 但她暗中感到高兴。But what else can we do? 我们还能做什么?But in the end he gave in. 但最后他还是让步了。But theres one thing we are agreed on. 但有一点大家的意见是一致的。4. 用于道歉的表达之后Sorry, but were behind schedule. 抱歉，我们落在计划后了。Im frightfully sorry, but I cant see you today. 太对不起了，我今天不能见你。Excuse me, but I dont think thats quite true. 很抱歉，我认为这与事实略有出入。5. 用于notbut，表示“不是而是”Not you but I am to blame. 不是你的错而是我的错。6. 用在某些否定语后，表示“只”：He eats nothing but hamburgers. 他只吃汉堡包。She knows no one but you. 她只认识你。You have nobody but yourself to blame. 只能怪你自己。No one but me saw her. 只有我看见他。7. 用于next (last) but one 中，表示“隔壁再过去”“倒数第”He lives in the next house but one. 他住在隔壁再过去一家。He was the last but one to arrive. 他是倒数第二个到的。8. cant help but 不由得不You cant help but respect them. 你不由得不尊敬他们。When they gave him a ticket to the game, he couldnt help but go. 他们给了他一张看球赛的票，他不由得不去。I cant help but wonder what I should do next. 我不由得不想知道下一步该怎么办。【注意】不要按汉语意思将“虽然但是”直译为althoughbut：误：Though we are poor, but we are happy. (去掉though或but中任一个)连词because用法详解1. 表示原因，语气较强，可用来回答 why 提出的问题。如：A：Why do you love her? 你为什么爱她?B：Because she is kind. 因为很善良。2. because 除经常用于引导原因状语从句外，还可引出表语从句或用于强调句等。如：It is because youre eating too much. 那是因为你吃得太多了。It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to town yesterday. 我昨天是由于想买本字典而进城的。3. 汉语说“因为所以”，但英语却不能用 becauseso这样的结构。如：因为我病了半年，所以把工作丢了。误：Because I was ill for six months, so I lost my job.正：Because I was ill for six months, I lost my job.正：I was ill for six months, so I lost my job.4. 汉语说“之所以是因为”，英语可以类似以下这样的句型（用that比用 because普通）。如：The reason (why) Im late is that because I missed the bus. 我迟到的原因是因为我没有赶上公共汽车。传统语法认为这类句型不能用 because, 但在现代英语中用because 的情形已很普遍。5. 在notbecause这一结构中，not 有时否定主句，有时否定从句，具体视语境而定。一般说来，若 not 否定主句，最好在because 之前用逗号，否则会引起歧义，如下句在没有特定上下文时就有两种解释：I didnt go because I was afraid.这个句子既可理解为“我没有去是因为怕”，也可理解为“我不是因为怕才去”。但是，如果because之前有副词just修饰，一般认为not是否定从句而不是主句。如：You shouldnt get angry just because some people speak ill of you. 你不要因为有人说你坏话而生气。6. 有时可引导一个句子作主语，此时通常采用just because这样的形式，并且主句谓语动词通常（当然不是一定）为mean。如：Just because you speak English doesnt mean you can teach it. 你会说英语并不意味着你能教英语。Just because youre old doesnt mean you have to be idle. 只是因为你年纪大了，这并不意味着你就应该懒散不活动。Because you have words with your wife is no reason to smash up things. 你和你的妻子吵架并不能成为摔东西的理由。7. 用于构成复合介词because of，其后可接名词、代词、 动名词、what 从句（但不能是that从句或没有引导词的从句）等。如：He is here because of you (that). 他为你（那事）而来这里。We said nothing about it, because of his wifes being there. 因为他妻子在那儿，我们对此只字未提。He left the company because of what the boss