新概念英语第二册第86课课文及课堂笔记

英语第二册第86课课文及课堂笔记（一）(2007-01-23 13:04:08)转载分类：新概念英语Lesson 86Out of control 失控As the man tried to swing the speedboat round, the steering wheel came away in his hands. He waved desperately to his companion, who had been water skiing for the last fifteen minutes. Both men had hardly had time to realize what was happening when they were thrown violently into the sea. The speedboat had struck a buoy, but it continued to move very quickly across the water. Both men had just begun to swim towards the shore, when they noticed with dismay that the speedboat was moving in a circle.It now came straight towards them at tremendous speed.In less than a minute, it roared past them only a few feet away. After it had passed, they swam on as quickly as they could because they knew that the boat would soon return. They had just had enough time to swim out of danger when the boat again completed a circle. On this occasion, however, it had slowed down considerably. The petrol had nearly all been used up. Before long, the noise dropped completely and the boat began to drift gently across the water.当那人试图让快艇转弯时，方向盘脱手了。他绝望地向他的伙伴挥手，他的伙伴在过去的15分钟里一直在滑水。他们两个还没来得及意识到究竟发生了什么事情，就被猛地抛入了海里。快艇撞上了一个浮标，但它仍在水面上快速行驶着。两个人刚开始向岸边游去，就突然惊愕地发现快艇正在转着圈行驶,它现在正以惊人的速度直冲他们驶来。不到1分钟的工夫，它从离他们只有几英尺远的地方呼啸着驶了过去。快艇过去之后，他们以最快的速度向前游去，因为他们知道快艇马上就要转回来。他们刚刚来得及游出危险区，快艇就又转完了一圈。然而这一次它的速度慢多了。汽油几乎已经用光。没过多久，噪音便彻底消失，快艇开始在水面上慢悠悠地漂流。课堂笔记(1)out of control失控be out of control/get out of controlThe kids are out of control.管不住这些孩子。The noise frightened the horse and it got out of control.马被响声惊着了而无法控制。be in control of sth管理或支配某事物（be in charge of）Whos incontrol of this project?谁是这个项目的负责人？bring/get sth under control控制之下Dont worry.Everything is under control.别担心，一切都在控制之下。The fire has been brought under control.火势已受到控制。You must get your spending under control.你必须节制开支。介词短语out of 可以表示“失去”、“欠缺”Tony walked so fast that he was soon out of sight.托尼走得很快，不久就无影无踪了。He has been out of work for two months.他失业两个月了。（2）manage to do sth.和try to do sth. 用法区别try to do sth. 意思是“尽力，设法去做某事”，结果如何，不得而知，而manage to do sth.,则表示“设法做成了某事”Jim had a lot of homework, but he managed to finish it before bedtime.吉姆有很多家庭作业，但终于在睡觉前完成了。Jim had a lot of homework, but he said he would try to finish it before bedtime.吉姆有很多家庭作业，他说他他将设法在睡觉前完成。（3）swing sth round转弯A car swung sharply round the corner.一辆汽车在街角急转弯。秋千The children are playing on the swings in the park.孩子们正在公园里荡秋千。vt. 悬挂；悬吊Tom swung his hammock between the two trees.汤姆把吊床挂在两棵树之间。vt.挥舞, 摆动He swings his arms as he walks.他走路时摆动手臂。vi. 摇动；摇摆The monkey is swinging in the tree.猴子正在树上荡来荡去go with a swing（指娱乐活动）有声有色The party went with a swing聚会搞得有声有色。in full swing正起劲，正活跃The party was in full swing when we arrived.我们达到时，聚会进行得正热闹（4）steering wheel方向盘行李厢：trunk（boot英国）门：door头灯：headlight转向灯：turn signal牌照：license plate尾灯：taillight后窗：rear window牌照号码：registration number车顶：roof边灯：parking light后视镜：side mirror US(5)come away 表示“脱落”、“脱离”、“脱开”等：When I tried to lift the suitcase, the handle came away.当我试图提起手提箱时，把手掉了下来。My heel has come away from the shoe.我的鞋后跟从鞋子上脱落了。(6)desperately绝望地，拼命地The man in the river desperately tried to reach the side.那个落水的人拼命想游到河岸边。be desperate for sth/to do sth急需某事物或急想做某事情Theyre desperate for money.他们急需钱Im desperate to see her.我极其想见她。（7）ski滑雪 skier滑雪的人 water skiing滑水（8）Both men had hardly had time to realize what was happening when they were thrown violently into the sea.他们两个还没来得及意识到究竟发生了什么事情，就被猛地抛入了海里。hardly.when.表示几乎未来得及.就.hardly 用于主句中，并且主句通常用过去完成时。no sooner than 与 hardly.when这两组连词意义都与 as soon as 相近，但都比 as soon as 正式。它们通常都与过去完成时连用。当 no sooner 和 hardly 位于句首时，后面的主谓结构都要颠倒顺序，即句子变为 no sooner/hardly+助动词+主语+动词形式的语序：He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there.他刚一回来便买下了一幢房子住了进去。No sooner had he returned than he bought a house and went to live there.（译文同上）No sooner had he begun speaking than he was interrupted.他刚一开始讲话就被打断了。He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.他还没等安顿下来就卖掉了房子，离开了这个国家。Hardly had he had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.（译文同上）Hardly had he got into the bus when it began moving.他刚刚登上那辆公共汽车它就开了。（9）violently 激烈地,猛烈地I felt my heart beat violently.我感觉到自己的心跳得很厉害。violent暴力的Violent criminals are a danger to society.那种暴力罪犯对社会是一种危害。猛烈的,激烈的,强烈的She was in violent temper.她暴跳如雷。a violent debate激烈的辩论极端的a violent dislike极端的厌恶He has a violent dislike of school他极端厌恶上学。（10）buoy up振作，鼓舞We were buoyed up by goods news.我们被好消息所鼓舞。（11）dismay惊愕，灰心to ones dismay使某人惊愕be dismayed at使某人惊愕或失望We were dismayed at his refusal to cooperate.他不肯合作使我们感到非常失望。no soonerthanhardlywhen这两个短语都有“一就”、“刚刚就”的意思,它们的意思非常相近,因此有时可以互换.例如：“我刚到公共汽车站,汽车就开了.”一句,就可以有如下几句译法：As soon as I got to the bus stop,the bus started.Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus started.No sooner had I got to the bus stop than the bus started.但他们之间也有一些差异,例如,如果从两件事情的间隔时间来说,as soon as 较长,no sooner.than 居中,hardly.when 间隔时间最短.其它的一些区别见下面,请大家在运用的时候要留意.no soonerthan它的意思相当于“刚做完A这件事,就做B这件事”.例如：He had no sooner returned than he bought a house.他一回来就买了一套房子.如果no sooner 位于句首,主句要用倒装结构.例如：No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.他刚到就又走了.No sooner had the game started than it began to rain heavily.运动会刚开始,天就下起了大雨.有一点要注意,no soonerthan 一般用来描述做过的事情,它不能用于表示将来的事.hardlywhen.它的意思是“几乎未来得及做完A这件事,紧接着就开始B这件事.”使用这个短语时,一般用于过去完成时；并且when有时可改用before.例如：He had hardly finished the article