现在完成时解析及习题

,现在完成时态,ThePresentPerfectTense,Wherehaveyoueverbeen?-Ihavebeento,Wherehasshegone?,-ShehasgonetoBeijing.,1.HasChinaheldtheOlympicGamessofar?,-No,ithasnt.Ithasntheldthem_.,Ithas_heldtheOlympicGamesbefore.,2.HasAmericaeverhadtheOlympicGames?,-Yes,ithas.Ithas_hadthemforseveraltimes.,3.WhichcountryhasjustheldtheOlympicGames?,-Greecehasjustheldthem.,4.HaveweChinesemadecontributionstogettingreadyforthecominggamesin/duringthepastyears?,yet,never,already,现在完成时态（时间状语）,sofar/bynow/tillnowalready/yetnever/everjustbeforein/duringthepastyears,一般过去时（时间状语）,yesterdayagolastnight/week/in1998atthatmomentjustnow,现在完成时态：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，也可以表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。结构：have/has+done(动词的过去分词）,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调现在的情况，它与现在有密切的关系，它不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系，可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。,LiuXianghasgonetoFrance.,LiuXiangwenttoFrancelastweek.,A:Lookatthepicture,whoishe?B:HeWangZhizhi.He_ever_(play)basketballinAmerica.A:Buthe_(come)backfourdaysago.,has,played,came,A:Whichcountryisit?B:ItsEngland.A:Oh,Isee.It_(hold)theOlympicGamesmanyyearsago.B:Yes,it_already_(hold)themseveraltimes.,held,has,held,Fillintheblanks:1.Tom_just_(finish)hishomework.He_(do)itjustnow.2.Threeminutesago,he_(call)MrSmith,buthe_(benot)inatthatmoment.3.Alice_(notsee)thefilmbefore,buthersister_(see)ittwodaysago.4.-_Mike_(repair)thecomputeryet?-Yes,hehas.He_(repair)ithimselflastnight.5.Thesecities_(change)alotinthepastyears.6.Jack_(begin)tocollectstampsin2001,he_(collect)alotofstampssofar.7.China_already_(have)thechancetoholdtheOlympicGames.,has,finished,did,called,wasnt,hasntseen,saw,Has,repaired,repaired,havechanged,began,hascollected,has,had,WhendidtheOlympicGamesbegin?,-TheOlympicGames_morethan2000yearsago.,-TheOlympicGameshavebeenpopularintheworld_morethan2000years.,-TheOlympicGameshavebegun_morethan2000yearsago.,-Itismorethan2000yearssincetheOlympicGamesbegan.,began,for,since,A:Whatsyourhobby?B:Myhobbyisdrawingpictures.A:Whendidyoulearntodrawpictures?B:Ilearnedit4yearsago.Ihavelearneditfor4years/since4yearsago/Its4yearssinceIlearnedtodrawpictures.,Keypoints:since和for都可以引出时间状语与现在完成时连用。for+时间段（与延续性动词连用，不能与瞬间动词连用）since+过去的时间点Its+一段时间+since从句（从句用一般过去时）,Exercises:1.Tomborrowedabookfromthelibrarylastweek.Hehas_itfor3days.2.-Whendidyoujoin/takepartinGreenerChina?-Ive_ofGreenerChinafor2years.3.Ileftmyhometownin1996.Ive_frommyhometownforabout10years.4.-Oh,whatabadcoldIvecaught!-Howlonghaveyou_it?-Since2daysago.5.-Haveyougotadictionary?-Yes,Iboughtitlastyear.-Thoughyouve_itforseveralmonths,itlokslikeanewone.,kept,beenamember,beenaway,had,had,瞬间动词转变为延续性动词：borrow-die-buy-comeback-join/takepartin-begin-leave-fallasleep-catchacold-end/finish-become-goout-getup-,keep,have,bein/beamemberof,beawayfrom,haveacold,be,bedead,beback,beon,beasleep,beover,beout,beup,1.Sofar,we_200Englishwords.havecopyedB.havecopiedC.copyedD.copied2.-Wheresyourfather?-Hes_Beijing?beentoB.gonetoC.goneinD.beenin3.Anumberofthestudents_thefilmyesterday.seeB.sawC.seenD.haveseen4.Howlong_he_inthisfactory?has,comeB.have,comeC.has,beenD.have,been5.HesneverbeentoChina,_?hasheB.hasntheC.isntheD.ishe6.Mygrandma_inthisvillagefortenyears,she_therein1994.haslived,hasmovedB.haslived,movedC.lived,hasmovedD.lived,moved,Exercises:,B,B,B,C,A,B,7.Howlonghasthegirlsmother_?diedB.deadC.beendiedD.beendead8.Howmanywordshaveyoulearned_youbegantolearnEnglish?forB.ifC.beforeD.since9._haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina?HowoftenB.HowlongC.WhenD.Howfar10.-Hashefinishedhishomework?-No,hehasntfinishedit_.A.alreadyB.everC.yetD.before,D,D,B,C,TheSmiths_(watch)TVthistimeyesterday.She_(make)alotoffriendsheresofar.Herparents_(notwrite)tohersincetheyleft.Itisfiveyearssincehe_(join)theParty.They_(live)inthiscitytenyearsago.He_jus