高中英语语法--名词性从句的用法

.,名词性从句,.,语序问题,特殊句式,引导词的区分,种类,名词性从句,.,1.Whatlifewillbelikeisdifficulttopredict.2.SomepeoplefeelthatWalesisanancientfairyland.3.Thenewsthattheplanwouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy4.Hissuggestionisthatweshouldgotheretogether.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,I名词性从句的种类,.,II语序问题,1.Thephotographswillshowyou_（NMET89）A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslikeC.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike,.,2.Youcanhardlyimagine_whenheheardthenews.A.howhewasexcitedB.howwasheexcitedC.howexcitedhewasD.hewashowexcited,.,3.Heasked_foraviolin.（NMET92）A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid,.,归纳:名词性从句的语序1、名词性从句都用陈述语序，即把引导词放在从句开头，后边采用“主语+谓语”结构。,2、感叹句变为宾语从句，也应用陈述语序。Youdontknowhowhappytheyweretoseeeachother.,.,.名词性从句的连接词,一、主语从句,连词that(无词义,不作成分,不能省略);whether(是否),不用if.Thathewillcomeandhelpusiscertain.Whetherwewillsucceedisstillaquestion.,注意:已确定的事由that引导;没决定的事由whether引导.,.,3.连接副词when(ever),where(ever),why,how(ever),howlong,howoften,howsoon,howfar等.,Whenthetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.Howlongwewilldiscussmustbeagreedon.,2.连接代词what,whatever,who,whoever,whose,which,whichever,howmany等.,Whatheishasnothingtodowithyou.Whoseticketthisishasnotbeenfoundout.,.,Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggrey.（MET92）AwhileB.thatCifDfor,特殊句式,.,_breaksthelawwillbepunished.AWhoBWhoeverCNomatterwhoDAnyone,特殊句式,whoever=anyonewho,.,Canyouunderstandthem?Itiswell-known/reported/thought/believed/felt/said/thatItisclear/necessary/certain/true/doubtful/thatItisapity/ashame/anhonor/thatItseems/appearsthatIt(so)happensthatItdoesntmatterwhether,.,为了使句子保持平衡，常用_来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到_，尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此种句式中，但what，whatever，whoever，whichever引导的主语从句一般不后置。,归纳,it,后面,.,二.宾语从句,1.由连词that引导:that常可省略。,Herealized(that)hehadmadeamistake.,注：并列第二个以上的宾语从句,或有插入语时不能省略that.),Hesaid（that）hehadfinishedreadingthisnovelandthathewouldborrowanotherone.,用it作形式宾语,that引导的真正的宾语从句放后面时,that不省略.,Ourprofessorthoughtitimportantthatweshouldreadwidely.,.,2.由wh-(where,what,who,how,when,whether等)引导词引导。,Wedontknowwherehelives.Hetoldmehowheusedthecomputer.Theydidntknowwhethertheirparentswouldcometotheclassmeeting.,.,1.介词后的宾从.Everythingdependsonwhetheritisfinetomorrow.2.whetherornot的宾从.Idontknowwhetherornotshelllikeit.3.复合不定式只能用whether.Telluswhethertogoorstayhere.,whether与if有时可以换用，但下列情况只能用whether.,.,归纳,宾语从句须注意1.语序:使用陈述语序;2.呼应:时态呼应;3.引导词:陈述句用that,一般问句用if或whether,特殊问句用原疑问词;4.语气:虚拟语气,句子涉及insist;order,command;suggest,advise,propose;ask,demand,desire,require;necessary,important,natural,apity等.,.,三.表语从句,表语从句的引导词与主语从句和宾语从句相同.但:1.that引导表语从句时不能省.2.if不能引导表语从句应使用whether;3asif可使用。,.,Thenewsthatanotherpowerstationwillbebuiltcheeredallthevillagers.Wordcamethatmanhadlandedonthemoon.,四.同位语从句,同位语从句一般跟在名词fact,news,word,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,view,idea,answer,information,knowledge,hope,law,opinion,plan,suggestion；doubt,problem,puzzle等后面,用以说明或解释前面的中心名词.,.,注:1.同位语从句多用that引导,2.在havenoidea之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.,Ihavenoideawherehelives.Ihavenoideawhenhewillcome.Ihavenoideawhathedid.,.,1.that与what2.if与whether3.who与whoeverwhat与whatever,IV引导词的区分,.,I.在下列各句空格中填入what或that：1._youaredoingseemsverydifficult.2._Tomwillrefusetheofferisunlikely.3._theprisonerescapedbythebackdoorisquiteclear.4.Heisgreatlyinterestedin_theteacherteaches.5.Theywillbeverythankfulfor_youcangivethem.6.Thestudentalwayspaysattentionto_theteacherssay.,What,That,That,what,what,what,.,that和what二者都引导这些从句，主要区别在于：that是连词，在从句中既不充当成分又没有意义Thefactisthathehasntyetrecoveredfromillness.Thereasonwhyhehastogoisthathismotherisillinbed.what是连接代词既起连接作用，又充当句子成分。Whathesaidatthemeetingmadeussurprised.,.,1）_youdontlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.（S92)A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether,高考题选萃,.,2)_hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.(93)A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter3)Theresafeelinginme_wellneverknowwhataUFOis-notever.(s2002）A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what,.,2.用if或whether填空,1._thecompanywillbuyheramobilephonehasnotbeendecided.2.Thequestionis_hewillhelpus3.Iworryabout_Ihurtherfeelings.4.Iwonder_hewillattendthemeetingornot.,Whether,whether,whether,whether/if,.,4.Itdependson_wewillhaveenoughmoney.5._theycandoitmatterslittletous.6._youarenotfreetomorrow,Illgowithoutyou.,whether,Whether,If,.,2.if和whether下列情况用whether而不用if:1)引导主语从句（位于句首）、表语从句、同位语从句时；Whetherwellgotoclimbthehilldependsontheweather.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.Thequestionwhetherweneedithasnotbeendecided.2)做介词的宾语时；Imworriedaboutwhetherhecanarriveintime.,.,3)引导宾语从句紧跟ornot时；Pleasetellmewhetherornotyouagree.4)与不定式连用时，只能用whether;Idontknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.5)动词discuss后引出的宾语从句；Letsdiscusswhetherweshallgobyplane.6)宾语从句本身是否定句时；Idontcarewhetherhedoesntcome.,注意：在条件状语从句中，表示“如果”时，用if不用whether.,.,1._the2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.(92)A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That2._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where,高考题选萃,.,3.选择填空（what,whatever,who,whoever,1._wassaidheremustbekeptsecret.2._weneedismoretime.3._madethelongdistancecalltohimisnotimportant.4._breaksthelawwillbepunished.,Whatever,What,Who,Whoever,.,whoever,whatever,whichever等既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，语气比较强,而nomatter加疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。另外what,who引导名词性从句,但是语气比较弱.,归纳who,whoever/what,whatever?,.,1._hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.(s99)A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever,高考题选萃,.,2.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendof_sharesherinterests.A.anyoneB.whomeverC.whoeverD.nomatterwho,.,3.Thesewildflowersaresospecial,Iwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever,.,4.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.（NMET97）A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever,5._leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.（MET88）A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who,.,VI巩固练习,1.Thequestionis_thefilmisworthseeingAifBwhatCwhetherDhow2.Oneofthemenheldtheview_t