英美文学简介.ppt

Englishliterature,OldEnglishLiterature(8thC.-1066)-ItsrootsliedeepinthetalesofDenmarkandotherScandinaviancountries.Thechiefworkincludes“Beowulf”whichisafolklegendbroughttoEnglandbyAnglo-Saxons.Itisalongpoemofover3000linesandthenationalepicoftheEnglishpeople.,2.MiddleEnglishLiterature(1066-14thC.)ComparingwiththeOldEnglishLiterature,ithadavariousthemesandstyles,suchasthelegend,knightsromance,popularballadetc.ThegreatfigureisGeoffreyChaucerwithhismasterpiece“TheCanterburyTales”.HiscontributionlieschieflyinthefactthatheintroducedfromFrancetherhymedcoupletof5accentsiniambicmeter“theHeroicCouplet”(5音步抑扬格)toEnglishpoetry.Hewascalled“thefatherofEnglishpoetry”.or“thefounderofEnglishPoetry”.,WhenspringshowersofAprilfallandshootDownthroughthedroughtofMarchtopiercetheroot,Whenspring/showers/ofA/prilfall/andshootDownthrough/thedrought/ofMarch/topierce/theroot,3.TheRenaissancePeriod(15thC.-early17thC.),Itreferstotheperiodoftransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworld.Humanismflourishesandtendstoexaltthehumanelementorstresstheimportanceofhumaninterests,asopposedtothesupernatural,divineelements.TherepresentativesareWilliamShakespeare,FrancisBacon,JohnMilton,ThomasMoreetc.,WhichofthefollowingareregardedasShakespearesfourgreattragedies?A.RomeoandJuliet,Hamlet,Othello,KingLearB.RomeoandJuliet,Hamlet,Othello,MacbethC.Hamlet,Othello,KingLear,MacbethD.RomeoandJuliet,Othello,Macbeth,TimonofAthensWhichofthefollowingistheworkofFrancisBacon?A.UtopiaB.ParadiseLostC.SongsofInnocenceD.Essays,Essays:Ofstudies,ofFriendship,OfWealth“Readingmakethfullman,writinganexactman,conferenceareadyman”“Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.”isoneoftheepigramsfoundin_.A.Bacons“OfStudies”B.Bunyans“ThePilgrimsProgress”C.Fieldings“TomJones”D.Johnsons“ADictionaryoftheEnglishlanguage”,MiltoncreatedSatantherealheroinhispoem_.,A.“Paradiselost”B.“ParadiseRegained”C.“Agonistes”D.“Lycidas”“Utopia”waswrittenby_.A.ThomasMoreB.FrancisBaconC.DanielDefoeD.JonathanSwift,4.TheNeoclassicPeriod(17thC.-18thC.),TheEnlightenmentMovement(toenlightentheworldwiththelightofmodernphilosophicalandartisticideas)wasinfullswing.TheliteraturetooktheancientGreekandRomanclassicalworksandcontemporaryFrenchonesastheliterarymodel.Poetrywaselegantinstructureanddiction,thenovelgavearealisticpresentationoflifeofcommonpeople.ThemainfiguresareDanielDefoe,JonathanSwift,JohnBunyan,HenryFielding,JohnDonne,DanielDefoeisafamous_.A.poetB.novelistC.playwrightD.essayist“HehasaservantcalledFriday.”“He”inthequotedsentenceisacharacterin_.A.HenryFieldingsTomJonesB.JohnBunyansThePilgrimsProgressC.RichardB.SheridansTheSchoolforScandalD.DanielDefoesRobinsonCrusoe,Novelists:DanielDefoe:“RobinsonCrusoe”.Thenovelconcernsthestruggleoftheshipwreckedpersonforsecurity,eulogizestheheroofthehard-workingclass.)JonathanSwift:“GulliversTravels”.Heisfamousasagreatsatirist.ThenoveldescribesthetravelsofGullivertoLilliput,Brobdingnag,LaputaandLagado.JohnBunyan:“ThePilgrimsProgress”.Itisaproseallegorydepictingthepilgrimageofahumansoulinsearchofsalvation.HenryFielding:“TomJones”.thefirsttogivethemodernnovelsitsstructureandstyle,fatherofEnglishnovel,Playwright:RichardB.Sheridan(theonlyimportantEnglishdramatistofthe18thcentury.HisplaysaregenerallyregardedasimportantlinksbetweenthemasterpiecesofShakespeareandthoseofBernardShaw.Theimportantworks:TheSchoolforScandal(造谣学校)TheRivals(情敌）,Poet:JohnDonne(playwright,essayist,founderofmetaphysicalschool”玄学派):“TheFlea”TheMetaphysicalpoets-17thcenturypoetswhoseworkwascharacterizedbyintellectualwitandingenuity,esp.theuseofelaboratefiguresofspeech.Theauthorof“TheFlea”wastherepresentativeof_poets.A.religiousB.romanticC.metaphysicalD.realistic,InthefollowingdescriptionoftheNeoclassicalPeriod,whichiswrong?A.NeoclassicalPeriodispriortotheRomanticperiodB.HenryFieldingisoneoftherepresentativesoftheNeoclassicalPeriodC.ThemodernEnglishnovelscameintobeingintheNeoclassicalPeriodD.NeoclassicalPeriodisalsoknownastheAgeofEnlightenment,5.TheRomanticPeriod(late18thC.-mid.19thC.)-anageofpoetry,markedbyimagination,worshipofnature,simplicity,expressivenessWilliamWordsworth,SamuelT.Coleridge,GeorgeG.Byron,PercyB.Shelley,JohnKeats,RobertBurnsJ.Austen,etc.,TheRomanticPeriodinEnglishliteraturebeganwiththepublicationof_.A.WilliamBlakesSongsofInnocenceB.JaneAustensPrideandPrejudiceC.WordsworthsandColeridgesLyricalBalladsD.SirWalterScottsIvanhoeGeorgeG.Byronwasmostfamousfor_.A.DonJuanB.OdetotheWestWindC.KublaKhanD.OdetoaNightingale.,JohnKeatsistheauthorof_.A.OdetoaSkylarkandOdetoaNightingaleB.OdetoaGrecianUrnandOdetotheWestWindC.OdetoaNightingaleandOdetoaGrecianUrnD.OdetotheWestWindandOdetoaNightingaleWecanperhapsdescribethewestwindinShelleyspoem“OdetotheWestWind”withallthefollowingtermsexcept_.A.tamedB.swiftC.proudD.wild,Thenovelstartswith“Itisatruthuniversallyacknowledged,thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortune,mustbeinwantforawife.”ThisnovelisJaneAustens_.A.PrideandPrejudiceBEmma.CPersuasionD.SenseandSensibility,Summeryoftheperiod:Thepublicationof“LyricalBallads”byWordsworthandColeridgemarksthebeginningofRomanticperiod.OdetotheWestWind,OdetoaSkylark,PrometheusUnboundbyShelleyDonJuanbyBaronOdetotheNightingalebyKeatsARed,RedRosebyBurns,6.TheVictorianPeriod(19th.C),Novelbecamethemostwidelyreadandthemostvitalandchallengingexpressionofprogressivethought,writersbecamesocialandmorecritical,exposingallkindsofsocialevils.Itisalsoknownasarealisticperiod.Dickens,Brontesisters,ThomasHardy,GeorgeEliot,WilliamThackeray,etc.,CharlesDickenswroteallofthefollowingexcept_A.OliverTwistB.DavidCopperfieldC.ATaleofTwoCitiesD.HeartofDarknessThenovel“VanityFair”waswrittenby_.A.WilliamM.ThackerayB.O.HenryC.CharlesDickensD.HenryJames,“Doyouthink,becauseIampoor,obscure,plain,andlittle,Iamsoullessandheartless?AndifGodhadgiftedmewithsomebeauty,andmuchwealth,Ishouldhavemadeitashardforyoutoleaveme,asitisnowformetoleaveyou.”Theabovequotedpassageismostprobablytakenfrom_.A.PrideandPrejudiceB.JaneEyreC.WutheringHeightsD.GreatExpectations,WhichofthefollowingisnotoneoftheBronteSisters?A.CharlotteBronteB.AnneBronteC.JennyBronteD.EmilyBronteGeorgeEliotwroteallthefollowingexcept_.A.TheMillofFlossB.SilasMarnerC.MiddlemarchD.AgnesGrey,“Wessexnovels”referstothenovelswrittenby_.A.CharlesDickensB.D.H.LawrenceC.JamesJoyceD.ThomasHardyNovelsbyThomasHardy:TessoftheDUrbevillesTheReturnoftheNativesMayoroftheCasterbridgeJudetheObscure,7.TheModernperiod(20thCentury),-areactionagainstrealism,rationalism,castingawayalmostallthetraditionalelementsinliteraturelikestory,plot,character,chronologicalnarration,preferenceof“StreamofConsciousness”,GeorgeBernardShaw:WidowersHouses,SaintJoan(wonhimthe1925Nobelprize)D.H.Lawrence:LadyChatterleysloversWomeninLove,SonsandLoversV.Woolf:TotheLighthouse,Mrs.Dalloway,T.S.Eliot:TheWestLandJamesJoyce:Ulysses,AmericanLiterature,I.TheRomanticPeriod:(late18thC.-mid.19thC.)EmphasisontheimaginativeandemotionalqualityofliteraturestartedwiththepublicationofWashingtonIrvingsTheSketchBookandendedwithWhitemansLeavesofGrass.,Themainfiguresandtheirkeyworks:WashingtonIrving(FatherofAmericanliterature):ThelegendofSleepyHollow.RalphW.Emerson:“Nature”NathanielHawthorne:“TheScarletLetter”HermanMelville:“Moby-Dick”WaltWhitman:“LeavesofGrass”,MobyDick(白鲸),ItisregardedasthefirstAmericanproseepic.Itisatremendouschronicleofawhalingvoyageinpursuitofaseeminglysupernaturalwhitewhale.Inthisnovel,thenarratorisIshmael.Thevoyagesymbolizesthesearchforthetruth.ThegiantMobyDicksymbolizesthemysteryoftheuniverse,thepowerofthegreatnatureandtheeviloftheworld.,RalphWaldoEmerson,theAmericanTranscendentalist,arguedforthefollowingideasexcept_A.mansdependenceinhimselfforspiritualperfectionB.FaithinChristianityC.DirectintuitionofaspiritualGodinnatureD.TheimportanceofanindependentAmericanculture,II.TheRealisticPeriod(19thC.),Emphasisonrealisticwritings,aimingattheactuallife(thecommonlivesofthecommonpeople),concerningmorewiththemoralandsocialeffects,freefromidealismorromanticcolor.,Theleadingfigures:,MarkTwain(hiswritingstyleisbothhumorousandsatirical):_isMarkTwainsmasterwork,theonebookfromwhichasErnestHemingwaynoted,“allmodernAmericanliteraturecomes”A.TheGildedAgeB.TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCountyC.TheAdventureofTomSawyerD.TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn,HenryJames(thefounderofpsychologicalrealism,fictionsnotedforhighlyrefinedlanguage):“ThePortraitofaLady”“TheWingsoftheDove”,TheodoreDreiser:SisterCarrie(ItisthestoryofapoorcountrygirlwhogoestoChicagotopursuetheAmericandream.)JackLondon(oneofthearticulateandmilitantspokesmenoftheworkingclassattheturnofthecentury):ThecalloftheWild,MartinEdenEmilyDickinson(Herpoetryconcernslove,religion,nature,deathandimmortality):ImNobody,III.TheModernPeriod,TheliteratureofthisperiodismarkedbyImagism(poeticexpressionofthemodernspirit),Expressionism(expressiondeterminesforms,againstrealism)TheStreamsofConsciousness(theflowofimpressions,thoughts,andfeelingsarerecordedastheypassthroughacharactersmind).,MainWritersandtheirworks,SinclairLewis-FirstAmericantowinNobelPrize(in1928),whoseworkssatirizeAmericanlifeoutsidethebigcities:Babbitt,MainStreetEugeneONeillfounderofAmericanDrama,Nobelprizein1936:TheHairyApeT.S.Eliot-NobelPrizein1948:WasteLand,WilliamFaulkner-theforemostsouthernwriterofthe20thcentury,thethemeofhisworksisessentiallyananalysisoftheunderlyingcauseforthefailureanddecayoftheSouthbeforetheCivilWar,masterof“theStreamofconsciousness”,NobelPrizein1950:TheSoundandtheFuryLightinAugust,ErnestHemingwayspokesmanforthe“LostGeneration”,almostallhi