期望理论英文

ExpectancyTheory,期望理论,Whatisexpectancytheory,Expectancytheoryisafieldofstudyaboutemployeemotivation.Accordingtothistheory,thestrengthofatendencytoactinacertainwaydependsonthestrengthofanexpectationthatactwillbefollowedbyagivenoutcomeandontheattractivenessofthatoutcometotheindividual.Inpracticalterms,itsaysthatanemployeewillbemotivatedtoexertahighlevelofeffortwhenheorshebelievesthateffortwillleadtoagoodperformanceappraisal;thatagoodperformanceappraisalwillleadtoorganizationalrewards,thattherewardswillsatisfytheemployeespersonalgoals.,ExpectancyMode,Individual-effort,1,Individual-performance,Organization-rewards,2,Personal-goals,3,期望公式,激励取决于对行动结果的价值评价和其对应的期望值的乘积：M=VEM-motivation（激发人内部潜力的强度）V-valence（效价）E-expectancy（对实现该目标可能性大小的主观评估即期望值）,利用期望理论来分析对某种奖金制度是否有激励作用,激励力量（M）,效价（v),期望值（E）,效价高（V高）,对奖金感兴趣,效价低（V低）,对奖金不感兴趣,期望值高（E高）,努力工作取得奖金的可能性大,期望值低（E低）,努力工作取得奖金的可能性不大,M=EV有很高的激励力量来实施拿奖金的计划,M=EV激励弱（可通过提高员工的素质或改善工作条件）,M=EV激励弱（可寻求其他激励办法）,M=EV激励最弱（可采取新的奖励制度和改善工作条件）,Application,Thetheoryfocusedonperformancevariables（变量）.Ithasprovedtoofferarelativelypowerfulexplanation（说明）ofemployeeproductivity（生产率）,absenteeism（缺勤）,andturnover（营业额）.Butthetheoryassumes（假定）thatemployeeshavefewconstraints（约束）ontheirdecisiondiscretion（判断力）.Itmakesmanyofthesameassumptions（假设）thattherationalmodelmakesaboutindividualdecisionmaking.Thisactstorestrict（约束）itsapplicable（可适用性）.Wecanconclude,thetheoryspowerinexplainingemployeeproductivityincreaseswhenthejobsbeingperformedaremorecom