2017年湖南衡阳英语中考试题及解析

20172017 衡阳市初中毕业学业水平考试试卷衡阳市初中毕业学业水平考试试卷 英英语语 . . 听力技能听力技能( (略略) ) . . 阅读技能（共五个部分，阅读技能（共五个部分，3030 小题，计小题，计 5050 分）分） (2017湖南衡阳)（A A） 完形填空。通读短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C 三个选项中选择正确答案填空。（共10 小题，计 10 分） Have you ever heard of e-waste(electric waste, 电子垃圾)?How do you deal with your MP4 players , mobile phones and your computer whentheyre broken or you want a new one? Most people just throw them away. With the21of electric industry, e-waste pollution has become a serious problem. According to the United Nations, in 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only22less than 20% of it. The US was23 waster, producing 7.1 million tons. China came second,246 million tons. Its important to pay attention to e-waste. It can25be valuable or harmful, depending on how we deal with it. E-waste is a valuable urban mine（城市矿藏）. The value of the metals, like gold and silver is26. And the metals can be reused. But if people throw them away, the toxic chemicals（有毒化学物质） can27the earth or air, they will affect the environment and peoples health. Now,Apple recycles peoples used products in China when they are buying new ones. The company will test and repair the used28and sell them at lower prices.29e-waste, we can also take computers and phones to see30companies offer recycling programs. ()21.A. developingB. developedC. development ()22.A. recycledB. rebuiltC. researched ()23.A. bigB. biggerC. the biggest ()24.A. duringB. withC. between ()25.A. bothB. eitherC. neither ()26.A.amazingB. disappointingC. boring ()27.A. get upB. get intoC. get on ()28.A. themB. thoseC. ones ()29.A. To increaseB. To reduceC. To keep ()30. A. thatB. whereC. whether A 题材：热点话题 【主旨大意】本文讲了电子垃圾，随着电子工厂的快速发展， 电子垃圾污染也成了一个严峻 的问题， 因为电子垃圾会污染我们的生态环境以及影响我们的身体健康。 故回收利用电子产 品，减少电子垃圾变得格外重要。 21. C【解析】考查名词和形容词辨析，根据后面名词所有格of 的结构可知此空应该要用名 词，developing 和 developed 为形容词，development 为名词，故选 C。 22. A【解析】考察动词辨析， 根据语境“people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste. ”可推知，仅仅不超过 20%的垃圾被回收，recycled 为“再利用，回收利用”故选 A. 23. C【解析】考查形容词辨析，根据下句 “China came second”可知美国是最大的浪费者，所 以要用最高级。故选 C. 24. B【解析】考查介词辨析，根据语意，中国位于第二，有六百万吨。with“具有，带有” 故选 B。 25. B【解析】 考查代词辨析 固定搭配 either.or. “或者.或者.“It can either be valuable or harmful, depending on how we deal with it.”句意：它或是有价值的，或是有害的，取决于 我们如何处理它。故选B。 26. A【解析】考查形容词辨析，根据语境可知，金属的价值是令人惊异的。故选A. 27. B 【解析】 考查动词词组辨析， 根据 “But if people throw them away, the toxic chemicals can _the earth or air”句意，要是人们把它扔了，可推知，那么有害物质肯定会进入土壤或空 1 气中。get into“进入，陷入”故选B。 28. C 【解析】 考查代词辨析， 根据 “Apple recycles peoples used products in China when they are buying new ones. ”在中国，当人们想买新的苹果产品时，苹果公司会回收他们的旧产品。 可知，ones 代指苹果产品. 29. B【解析】考察代词辨析， 根据语境，不定式表目的， 目的是为了减少电子垃圾， 故选 B。 30. C【解析】考查连词辨析，根据语境的含义，故选C. (2017湖南衡阳)（B B） 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容判断正误。正确的用（T），错误的用（F）（共 5 题， 计 10 分） A young queen was given a magic box by a wizard(男巫). The box would bring happiness to the whole country whenever it was opened in a place full of the spirit if generosity(慷慨). The Queen traveled all over the country, looking for the most generous people. If she collected them all, she could open the magic box. The queen felt disappointed because nothing special happened. One day, when the queen returned to her palace, she saw a poor little boy begging. She would like to give the boy some money, but she didnt have any with her. So the boy asked her if she could give him the old box. Then he could sell it for a little money. At first the queen hesitated(犹 豫), because she bad been told the box had magical powers. But seeing how poor the boy was, she gave it to him. The boy took the box and opened it. Immediately, all the most wonderful things one could imagine started flying out of the box and a voice said, “Why look for it in others? Goodness always starts in yourself.” While enjoying all the wonders of the magic box, the queen learned to set an example to others, and she became the best queen ever in history. 31. The young queen gave a magic box to a wizard. 32. The queen traveled all over the country to look for the most generous people. 33. From the story, we can learn that people should be generous. 34. According to the story, we can know that the boy and the wizard were good friends 35. The queen became the best queen ever in history in the story. B 题材：人物故事 【主旨大意】 本文讲述了一个男巫给了女王一个神奇的盒子， 只要在充满慷慨的地方打开就 能让全国人幸福的故事。 于是女巫在全国寻找最慷慨的人， 最终因为自己的慷慨而打开了神 奇的盒子。 31. F 【解析】 细节理解题 根据文章第一句话 A young queen was given a magic box by a wizard. 可知男巫给了女王一个魔法盒子和31 题题意女王给男巫一个魔法盒子相反，故答案为F。 32. T【解析】细节理解题 根据文章第二段第一句话 The Queen traveled all over the country, looking for the most generous people. 可知女王在全国寻找最慷慨的人。故答案为T。 33. T【解析】推理判断题 从整篇文章理解和最后一段可得知人们应该对人慷慨，故答案为T。 34. F【解析】推理判断题 文章没有表明男巫和小男孩的关系，故答案为F。 35. T【解析】细节理解题 从文章的最后一句话 the queen learned to set an example to others, and she became the best queen ever in history. 得知女王成为了历史上最好女王，故答案为T。 (2017湖南衡阳)（C C） 阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容回答所提问题。(共 5 小题，计 10 分) （Xinhua News）What kind of vehicle will you choose when traveling between provinces? Many people may like traveling by train because its safer and cheaper. Now the high-spaced railways have connected eastern China as well as the south and the north. 2 A new high-speed railway opened on Sept. 10th, 2016. It connects Zhengzhou in Henan Province with Xuzhou in Jiangsu Province. With this railway, Chinas high-speed railways are over 20,000 kilometers long. It is the worlds longest and makes up 60 percent of the worlds total high-speed railway lines. Besides length, China also does better in speed. China also does better in speed. China is the only country with trains running at 350 kilometers an hour, such as the Beijing-Tianjin and Beijing-Shanghai high speed railways. With these surprising numbers, it is easy to forget that China wasnt the first in the high-speed rail game. Japan started 50 years ago, while Germany did 20years ago. China only began to build its high-speed railways 14 years ago. Chinas high speed railways are developing fast now. Behind it, there is the countrys growing need for transportation. According to Xinhua News, Chinas high -speed trains gave 961 million trips to people last year. “The high-speed railways not only bridge the distance, but connect people, information and goods.”said Huang Xin, an official from the China Railway Corp. Yet, Chinas building of high-speed railways is still going on. China plans to have 38,000 kilometers of high-speed railway by 2025. 36. Why may many people like traveling between provinces by train according to the passage ? _. 37. How long have Chinas high-speed railway been since Sept. 10th, 2016? _. 38. Which country is the first one to build the high-speed railway? _. 39. Chinas building of high-speed railway isnt still going on, is it? _. 40. If you want to go to Beijing for the coming summer holidays, what kind of vehicle will you choose? _. C 题材：科普常识 【主旨大意】本文写了中国高铁取得的巨大成就。 不仅连接长度很长，速度也很快。但是中 国却不是第一个建设高铁的国家， 迅速发展的高铁不仅是地理上的连接， 还是人们，信息和 商品的桥梁。 36. Because its safer and cheaper. 37. Chinas high-speed railways are over 20,000 kilometers long since Sept 10th 2016. 38. Japan is the first one to build the high-speed railway. 39. Yes, it is. 40. I will choose high-speed Railway. (2017湖南衡阳)（D D） 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。 （共 5 小题， 计 10 分） Zombies(僵尸) are real! You meet them every day on the sidewalk. They walk slowly, with their heads down and they will not look at you. They are living in a different world, a world of the mobile phone! Many people are complaining( 抱怨) about these mobile phone zombies because they walk 3 slowly, making it difficult for other people to use the sidewalk. Chongqing and a few other cities have come up with an idea to try to solve the problem. Theyve divided up sidewalks into lanes(线 路): one lane for mobile-zombies and one lane for everyone else. Th e experiment hasnt worked out too well, since most mobile-zombies dont even notice the lanes. I have another suggestion for the problem. In Shanghai, we have blind paths. They are made of small raised tiles(凸起的瓷砖) that help blind people follow a straight line. Perhaps the same way could be used for mobile-zombies. A lane with a rough surface would allow people to concentrate on their mobile phones and still know they are walking in a straight line. Of course, I have a further suggestion. At the end of the lane would be a large hole where all the mobile-zombies would disappear into the center of the earth! Well, I dont think my suggestion is going to be taken, but I dont think special lanes for mobile-zombies will work either. I think its just a better idea to remind(提醒) people that sidewalks are shared space and they should think of others when they are using their mobile phones. 41. According to the passage, who are mobile phone zombies? A. The people who always look here and there on the road. B. The people who always play with mobile phones on the road. C. The people who hate using mobile phones when they are walking on the road. 42. Why has not the lane for mobile-zombies in Chongqing worked out well? A. Because it is too expensive to walk on the lanes. B. Because there are so few lanes in Chongqing. C. Because few mobile-zombies notice the lanes in fact. 43. The underlined word “rough” in Paragraph 3 means “”in Chinese. A. 粗糙的B. 光滑的C. 漂亮的 44. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Shanghai has also built lanes for the mobile-zombies B. The writers suggestion for the mobile-zombies was taken C. Mobile-zombies should think of others on the road. 45. The passage may come from. A. a storyB. a newspaperC. a notice D 题材：热点话题 【主旨大意】本文是一篇社会热点类文章。 描述了当今社会的一个热门现象， 即许多人走路 时低头玩手机， 影响正常通行。 通过对此现象带来的不好影响及作者自己对解决这个现象的 方法进行阐述，从而进一步呼吁人们走路时不要低头玩手机。 41. B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第三句， They are living in a different world, a world of the mobile phone!可知，对 mobile-zombies 进行释义，沉迷于手机的行人。故选B。 42. C 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据文章第二段的最后一句， since most mobile-zombies dont even notice the lanes 可知，因为极少的 mobile-zombies会注意到特殊的线路，since 意思为因为， 故选 C。 43. A 【解析】词义推测题。根据划线单词的上文可知，与盲人人行道中凸起的瓷砖相似， 所以是粗糙不平的。故选A。 44. C【解析】细节理解题。A 选项中，重庆为 mobile-zombies 修建了特殊线路，上海并没 有，上海是以盲人道举例，故错误。B 选项，由最后一段的第一句可知，I dont think my suggestion is going to be taken ，作者知道这不是符合实际不会被采纳。C 选项由最后一段最 4 后一句可知，作者呼吁大家多为其他人着想。故选C。 45. B【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章的内容判断文章的来源，文章是对社会热门现象提出 自己的建议和观点，可知是来源于报纸，与社会生活息息相关。故选B。 (2017湖南衡阳)（E E） 阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。 （共 5 小题， 计 10 分） Your body is specialno two people in the world are alike，Although you are different from everyone else，you have exactly the same body parts as the people around you ，doing different jobs that keep all of us alive What is inside my head？ Your head houses the most valuable part of your body your brain As you are reading， your eyes send pictures to your brain which makes meaning from what you see Your brain helps you to remember and think，and makes sure your body is doing what it should What is my skin（皮肤）for？ Your skin covers your bodyIn most parts of your body ，the skin is just as thick as half a centimeterIf you have your skin cut，it will have a quick cure and stop viruses from getting into your bodyYour skin also helps you feel the heat and coldness of the environment around youHair grows from inside the skin When you feel hot ，extra heat comes out through your skinAs a result，your body temperature drops How do I move？ Muscles （肌肉） are found in most parts of your body They work with your bones to help you movewhenever you cry or smile，eat or speak，walk or dance etc Why do I breathe？ Your body needs to take in oxygen from the air and give out the unwanted carbon dioxide in the body When you breathe， air comes through your nose and mouth into your lungs （肺） where oxygen flows to different parts of your body What does my heart do？ Your heart is a very special muscle It is slightly bigger than your fist （拳头）and grows bigger as you doIf you place your hand on your heart ，you will feel your heart beating which forces blood to move around your body 46.Which part of your body helps you remember and think? A . HeadB. HeartC. Skin 47.The underlined word “houses” in the passage probably means_. A. createsB. storesCbuilds 48.If you have no skin covering your body, what would happen ？ A. Our body can be guarded by our hair B. Viruses cant get into our body easily C. We cant feel the changes in temperature 49.What is the true fact about your body？ A. Your heart is not the same size from birth B. We take in carbon dioxide to stay alive C. Our muscles stop working when we nod 50.Which is the best title for this passage？ A. What Your Body Needs 5 B. How Your Body Works C. When Your Body Moves E 题材：科普常识 【主旨大意】 本文是一篇科普知识类阅读， 主要讲述的是身体的各个部分的功能以及身体是 如何进行工作的。 46.A【解析】细节理解题。从第三段第三句中“Your brain helps you to remember and think”可 知头脑帮助记忆和思考故选A。 47.B【解析】词义猜测题。从第三段第一句“Your head houses the most valuable part of your body”可知，你的脑袋里面放着你身体中最值钱的部分。且 house 作为名词是房子的意思， 房子具有储藏的功能。由此推断house 的意思为“储藏”。故选 B。 48.C【解析】细节理解题。从第四段第四句 “Your skin also helps you feel the heat and coldness of the environment around youHair grows from inside the skinWhen you feel hot，extra heat comes out through your skinAs a result，your body temperature drops” 可知，皮肤可以阻 挡细菌进入身体，可以帮你感知冷暖；可以帮你降温故如果没有皮肤，我们就感受不到温 度的变化，故选 C。 49 A.【解析】细节理解题。从句子“It is slightly bigger than your fist（拳头）and grows bigger as you do”可知，心脏随着身体的成长而成长，可以推断出，我们的心脏和出生时是不一 样大小的，故选 A。 50.B. 【解析】主旨大意题通读全文可知，本文通过大脑、皮肤、肌肉、喷嚏、呼吸等方 面阐述了我们的身体是如何工作的，所以标题应为How Your Body Works 故选 B . . 写作技能（共四个部分，计分写作技能（共四个部分，计分 4545 分）分） A)A) 词汇运用词汇运用 (2017湖南衡阳)1）根据所给汉语或英语首字母写出短文中所缺英语单词。（共5 小题，计 5 分） As Chinese students, we must know something about a great man(51)c _Zheng He. He was a Ming Dynasty explorer. He led seven ocean journeys from 1405 to 1433. At that time, the compass (52)p _ an important role in his sailing. He even succeeded in sailing to the east coast of Africa. His last ocean journey was over half a (53)_(世纪) earlier than Columbus first journey to America. We Chinese are (54) _( 骄傲的) of him. Its a pity that he died of illness on his way home from Africa in 1433. (55) H_, his journeys were so meaningful in Chinas history. 51. _52. _53._54._55._ 51. called52. played53. century54. proud55. However (2017湖南衡阳)2)综合填空。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的词或填入括号中所给 单词的正确形式。（共 10 小题，计 10 分） I arrived in the UK last weekend to learn English. So56, I have already made a few friends and had some English food there. But after57(have) three days of hamburgers, sandwiches and58(potato), I thought none could be59delicious than Chinese food, especially my favorite- huo guo. When I knew there was going to60a free meal of hotpot to welcome the new students, I was so excited61I went to the canteen quickly. To62surprise, when I stepped into the room, I didn t see any sign of huo guo. After I talked with an English girl, I got to know that Chinesehuo guo is63(complete) different from hotpot. Chinese huo guo is64(write)in two words-hot pot;and hotpot, one word, is a 65(tradition) English dish. 6 题材：日常生活 【主旨大意】本文为一篇记叙文, 讲述作者在英国的一次误把英国日常的一道hotpot（罐焖 土豆烧肉）认为是中国的hot pot（火锅）的经历。 56. far【解析】so far 到目前为止 57. having【解析】在 after 介词之后要用名词，代词，动名词，故动词加ing 改为动名词。 58. potatoes【解析】potato 为可数名词，and 连接的两个并列名词要用复数。 59. more【解析】根据本句 than 可推知用比较级。 60. be【解析】根据句意“当我知道将有一餐免费的hotpot 来欢迎新学生的时候”，there be 结构表示有，存在。 61. that 【解析】 根据句意 “我如此的兴奋以至于迅速地去了餐厅” ， so.that 如此.以至于. 62. my【解析】to ones surprise 出乎某人的意料，根据下句主语为我可知，出乎我的意料。 63. completely【解析】根据句意“中国的火锅完全不同于hotpot”，修饰动词故用副词形式。 64. written【解析】huo guo 和 write 存在被动关系故用被动语态。 65. traditional【解析】修饰 English dish 要用形容词。 (2017湖南衡阳)B） 句子翻译。 阅读下面的短文， 把划线部分的句子翻译成英文或中文。 （共 5 小题，计 10 分） What do you think of your Chinese?Its good or bad? 66.如果你认为自己擅长汉语， 你可以 参加一个比赛。 The competition isChinese Characters Dictation Competition.67.The competition has been popular among teenagers since last summer. Today teenagers are using computers and smart phones.68.Many of them lose themselves in digital products such as electronic dictionaries and computer to help with their study. Overuse of these tools will make students too lazy to think and write.69.有些学生甚至忘记了如何手写汉 字。 Teachers and parents are very worried about it. What can they do? Such worries have brought about the popular TV show, Chinese Characters Dictation Competition, Where middle school students stand on the stage to write down Chinese characters. 70. Over two hundred students from forty-six schools competed. Chen Keyu, a Grade 8 boy beat the other competitors. Can you be the next winner? 题材：热点话题 【主旨大意】向我们介绍了中国汉字听写大赛的来源，呼吁我们参加比赛。 66. If you think you are good at Chinese,you can take part in a competition. 67. 从去年夏天开始，这个比赛从就在青少年中很受欢迎。 68. 他们中的许多人都沉迷在电子产品中。 69. Some students even forget the hand writing of Chinese characters. 70. 有 200 多名来自 46 所学校的学生参加了比赛。 (2017湖南衡阳)C) 补全对话。根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上适当的句子，使对 话的意义连贯、完整。（共5 小题，计 10 分） (A: Mrs. WangB: A strangerC: A waitress) A: Excuse me, (71) _? B: Sure. Go straight along the street first, then turn left at the third crossing. Just follow this street, four blocks. Linyin Hotel is near the bus station. A: (72) _? B: Oh, its about 10 kilometers away from here. Youd better ta ke a No. 101 bus. It will take you to Linyin Hotel. A: Ok, thanks. 7 B: Not at all. (Fifteen minutes later, in the hotel.) C: Welcome to Linyin Hotel. Here is the menu. (Fifteen minutes later.) (73) _? A: Sure. Id like some chickens, some beef, a bowl of vegetable soup and two bowls of rice. C: (74) _? A: I also want a glass of soft drink. C: Ok. Thanks for your order. (Thirty mi