2001年考研翻译真题解析

2001年考研翻译真题解析 In less than 30 years time the Star Trek holodeck will be a reality. Direct links between the brains nervous system and a computer will also create full sensory virtual environments, allowing virtual vacations like those in the film Total Recall.71) There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend. 72) Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and digital age will have arrived.According to BTs futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium (a period of 1,000 years), when supercomputers will dramatically accelerate progress in all areas of life.73)Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world, to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place. Some of the biggest developments will be in medicine, including an extended life expectancy and dozens of artificial organs coming into use between now and 2040.Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer-human links. By linking directly to our nervous system, computers could pick up what we feel and, hopefully, simulate feeling too so that we can start to develop full sensory environments, rather like the holidays in Total Recall or the Star Trek holodeck, he says. 74)But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration: It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.Through his research, Pearson is able to put dates to most of the breakthroughs that can be predicted. However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible. But he does expect social problems as a result of technological advances. A boom in neighborhood surveillance cameras will, for example, cause problems in 2010, while the arrival of synthetic lifelike robots will mean people may not be able to distinguish between their human friends and the? 75)And home appliances will also become so smart that controlling and operating them will result in the breakout of a new psychological disorder-kitchen rage.71There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.结构分析： 本句的主干结构是there will be后面带的两个并列名词television chat show和cars，这两个名词在句中做主语。 其中第一主语television chat show后面又接了一个过去分词做后置定语。第二个名词主语cars后面接了介词with pollution monitors做后置定语，其后又接了that引导的定语从句，那么引导词that修饰前面哪个名词一般由三个条件来确定：1. 就近原则，也就是修饰最靠近that的前面的名词，2. 看其前面名词的核心成分；3. 依据意思和后面的谓语动词的语法搭配来定。句子最后部分是由when引导的时间状语从句。这个句子还难在人称代词they指代前面的哪个名词，在they前面出现两个复数名词monitors和cars，依据意思搭配那当然是cars(汽车)冒犯monitors(检测器)。核心词汇： television chat shows电视谈话节目；hosted by robots 由机器人主持的，cars with pollution monitors 装有污染监控器的汽车；disable them 使汽车失灵(停止运行)；them和they指代汽车；offend(多义词)指汽车污染超标，违规参考译文： 届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视谈话节目以及装有污染监控器的汽车，一旦这些汽车排污超标(违规)，监控器就会使其停下来或停驶。测试点：并列名词；过去分词和介词短语做后置定语；状语从句；代词指代72Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell- television, and digital age will have arrived.结构分析： 本句的主干结构是and连接的四个并列的简单句。第一个句子的宾语dolls后面接了一个过去分词equipped with personality chips做其后置定语。第二个句子的主语computers后面接了介词短语with in-built personalities做其后置定语；第三和第四个句子的结构简单。核心词汇： Be equipped with装备有，安装有；personality chips个性芯片；in-built personalities内置个性芯片 (personalities等于personality chips)；workmates rather than(而不是) tools是并列结构，表示选择。relaxation休闲、放松、娱乐、消遣；smell-television气味电视机；digital age数字化时代参考译文： 儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有内置个性芯片的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将在气味电视机前休闲，届时数字化时代就来到了。测试点：过去分词做后置定语；rather than连接的并列名词结构；73Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.结构分析： 本句是的主语是Pearson，谓语是has pieced together，宾语是the work，其后用了介词of hundreds of researchers做后置定语，hundreds of是个固定短语修饰researchers。后面around the world又做后置定语，修饰前面的名词researchers。不定式to produce a unique millennium technology calendar做目的状语，后面that引导的是个定语从句，修饰前面的先行词calendar，而when引导的又是一个定语从句，修饰其前面的名词dates，谓语动词expect后面接了两个并列名词breakthroughs和discoveries做并列宾语，不定式to take place做前面名词discoveries的后置定语。核心词汇：Pearson 皮尔森(人名音译)；pieced together汇集，综合；hundreds of数百项；around the world=throughout the world=all over the word世界各地，全世界；produce编制（因为动词的意思一般依据后面的名词意思来确定，由于produce的宾语是calendar(台历)，因此翻译成“编制，编写”）；a unique millennium technology calendar一个独特的技术千年历；the latest dates最近日期；key breakthroughs重大突破，关键性突破。参考译文： 皮尔森汇集了世界各地数百位研究人员的成果，来编制出一个独特的技术千年历，这个台历列出了我们有望看到数百项重大突破和发现的最近日期。74But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration: It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.结构分析： 本句的主语是代词that，指代前面出现的名词breakthrough，谓语是动词is，中间的Pearson points out是个插入结构，翻译表达时常要提前。表语是only the start of man-machine integration，冒号后面的结构也是个系表结构，但表语the beginning后面接了一个很长的介词短语of the long process of integration做后置定语。That引导的是定语从句，修饰前面的名词短语的核心成分the beginning。核心词汇： point out 指出；start=beginning开始；man-machine integration人机一体化；在the long process of integration结构中，integration前省略了定语man-machine，翻译时要补出。ultimately(最终)；lead to(它的基本义是导致，促使的意思，但是由于它的宾语是a fully electronic human，因此应该理解为：研制出，记住在翻译表达时动词的意思常依据后面名词的汉语意思来定)。a fully electronic human 完全电子化的仿真人；before the end of the next century 在下世纪末之前。参考译文： 皮尔森指出，但是这个突破只不过是人机一体化的开始：它将是