单元-75(中英文对照版)

CHAPTER 75Engine Air75章 发动机空气系统Text 1 General Introduction 正文1 概述The engine air system has these control functions:发动机空气系统具有控制以下项目的功能:-Turbine clearance涡轮间隙-Compressor airflow.压气机气流Turbine Clearance Control涡轮间隙控制The engine air system adjusts the clearances between the high pressure turbine (HPT) blades and shroud and the low pressure turbine (LPT) blades and shroud. Usually, the engine air system decreases the clearance between the rotors and the turbine case. This helps the engine use less fuel. The engine air system also increases the clearance between the high pressure turbine blades and shroud during some power conditions. This makes sure the HPT blades tips do not rub against the case.发动机空气系统调节高压涡轮与低压涡轮叶片与外壳之间的距离.发动机空气系统通常会减小转子与涡轮机匣之间距离.这有助于发动机节油.在某些情况下,发动机空气系统会增加涡轮叶片和外壳的间隙,以确保高压涡轮叶尖不会刮擦机匣.Compressor Airflow Control发动机气流控制The engine air system adjusts the low pressure compressor (LPC) and the high pressure compressor (HPC) air flows for all power conditions. These adjustments prevent an engine stall.发动机空气系统在所有状况下调节LPC和HPC的流量,这种调节可防止发动机失速.Text 2 Control正文2 控制The electronic engine control (EEC) receives airplane system data from the display electronic units (DEUs). The EEC uses this data to control the engine air system. The EEC changes the bleed airflows to change the turbine blade tips clearances. The EEC also controls compressor airflows to prevent stall. The EEC operates the air valves and the actuators through the hydromechanical unit (HMU). HMU servo fuel pressure moves the valves and the actuators.发动机电子控制(EEC)从显示电子组件(DEU)接收飞机系统数据.EEC使用这种数据来控制发动机空气系统.EEC改变引气流量以改变涡轮叶片间隙.EEC也控制压气机气流以防止失速.EEC通过液压机械组件(HMU)来运行空气活门和作动器.HMU伺服油压使活门和作动器移动.The engine air system has these subsystems:发动机空气系统具有以下子系统:* Turbine clearance control涡轮间隙控制* Compressor airflow control.压气机气流控制Turbine Clearance Control涡轮间隙控制The engine air system controls turbine tip clearance when it controls the amount of cooling air that goes onto the turbine case. Turbine blade tip clearances decrease when the turbine case is cooled.发动机空气系统通过控制进入涡轮机匣的冷却空气量来控制涡轮间隙.当涡轮机匣被冷却时,涡轮叶片间隙降低.These are the turbine clearance control sub-systems:涡轮间隙控制系统具有以下子系统:- High pressure turbine active clearance control (HPTACC)高压涡轮主动间隙控制(HPTACC)- Low pressure turbine active clearance control (LPTACC)低压涡轮主动间隙控制(LPTACC)- Transient bleed valve (TBV).瞬时放气活门(TBV)The HPTACC system sends HPC 4th-stage and 9th-stage air to the high pressure turbine (HPT) shroud support. The air flows through an HPTACC valve. HPTACC系统使用HPC4,9级空气进入HPT外壳支撑结构.空气流经HPTACC活门The LPTACC system sends fan discharge air to the low pressure turbine (LPT) case. The air flows through the LPTACC valve. LPTACC系统将风扇排气送入LPT机匣.空气流经LPT活门The TBV sends HPC 9th stage air to the low pressure turbine stage 1 nozzles for these two conditions: TBV在以下两种情况下将HPC9级空气送入LPT1级喷口- Engine start发动机起动- Engine acceleration.发动机加速The TBV prevents HPC stall during start and acceleration. TBV在发动机起动和加速时防止HPC失速.Compressor Airflow Control压气机气流控制These are the compressor airflow control subsystems:压气机气流控制系统包括以下子系统:-Variable stator vanes (VSVs)可调静子叶片(VSV)-Variable bleed valve (VBV).可调放气活门(VBV)The VSV system controls the high pressure compressor (HPC) airflow. The VSV system makes sure the correct quantity of air flows through to the HPC which prevents HPC stall. The VSV system controls the HPC inlet guide vanes and the variable stator vanes of the HPC. The first three stages of the HPC have variable stator vanes. VSV系统控制HPC气流.VSV系统确保进入HPC的气流流量适当以防止HPC失速.VSV系统控制HPC进口导向叶片和HPC的可调静子叶片.HPC的前三级均有可调静子叶片.The VBV system controls the low pressure compressor (LPC) discharge airflow. There are 12 variable bleed valves that let some LPC discharge air bypass the engine and mix with the fan discharge air. This airflow prevents LPC stall during fast deceleration. The VBVs also keep water out of the HPC and prevent foreign object damage (FOD) during low speed operation and during reverse thrust operation. VBV系统控制LPC排气气流.共有12个放气活门以使部分LPC排气旁通并与风扇排气混合.此气流在快加速时防止LPC失速.同时VBV在低速运转和反推时将HPC中的水排出和防止外来物损伤(FOD)Text 3 Turbine Clearance Control正文3 涡轮间隙控制 Clarence Control (HPTACC) 间隙控制(HPTACC)The high pressure turbine active clearance control (HPTACC) system controls air from these two sources:HPTACC从以下获得用于控制的空气-HPC 9th stage bleed air HPC9级引气-HPC 4th stage bleed air. HPC4级引气The HPTACC valve mixes the air to control the thermal expansion of the HPT shroud support. Usually, the HPTACC system keeps the clearance between the HPT blade tips and the HPT shroud support to a minimum. This increases the fuel efficiency. But when the engine internal temperature is not stable, or at high power conditions, the HPTACC system increases the turbine clearance. The HPTACC system increases the clearance to make sure that the HPT blades do not touch the shrouds.HPTACC活门将空气混合以控制HPT外壳支持结构的热膨胀.HPTACC系统通常将HPT叶尖和外壳间的间隙保持至最低.这样提高了燃油效率.但是当发动机内部温度不稳定或在高功率条件时,HPTACC提高涡轮间隙以确保HPT叶片不与外壳相接触.The HPTCC system has these parts:HPTCC具有以下部件-HPTACC valve (includes the 4th stage bleed air duct)HPTACC活门(包括4级引气管)-9th stage bleed air duct 9级引气管路-HPTACC manifold. HPTACC总管CLEARANCE CONTROL (LPTACC)间隙控制(LPTACC)The low pressure turbine active clearance control (LPTACC) system controls the low pressure turbine (LPT) blade tip clearance. The LPTACC increases or decreases the amount of fan discharge air that goes to the LPT case. This air cools the LPT case. Cooling the LPT case controls thermal expansion which keeps the clearance with the LPT blade tips to a minimum. This increases fuel efficiency. LPTACC系统控制LPT叶片间隙.LPTACC升高或降低进入LPT机匣的风扇排气量.此气流冷却LPT机匣.冷却LPT机匣以控制热膨胀以使LPT叶片间隙降至最低.这提高了燃油效率.The LPTACC system has these parts: LPTACC系统具有以下部件- LPTACC valve LPTACC活门- LPTACC air duct LPTACC空气管路- LPTACC manifold. LPTACC总管Text 4 Compressor Airflow Control 正文4 压气机气流控制TRANSIENT BLEED VALVE (TBV) 瞬时放气活门(TBV)The transient bleed valve (TBV) system controls the quantity of the high pressure compressor (HPC) 9th stage bleed air that goes into the stage 1 low pressure turbine (LPT) nozzles. The TBV system increases the HPC stall margin during engine start and during engine acceleration. TBV系统控制进入1级LPT喷口的HPC9级空气量.在发动机起动和加速时,TBV系统提高HPC失速裕度.The TBV system has these parts: TBV系统具有以下部件-TBV valve TBV活门 -TBV manifold TBV总管VARIABLE STATOR VANE (VSV) SYSTEM 可调镜子叶片(VSV)系统The variable stator vanes (VSV) system controls the angular position of these variable stator vanes: VSV系统控制以下可调静子叶片的角度位置- HPC Inlet guide vanes (IGV) HPC可调镜子叶片(IGV)-HPC stator vane stage 1 1级HPC静子叶片-HPC stator vane stage 2 2级HPC静子叶片- HPC stator vane stage 3. 3级HPC静子叶片The VSV system adjusts the air flow in the HPC. This increases the compressor efficiency and stall margin. VSV系统调节HPC内的气流以增加发动机效率和失速裕度.The VSV system has these parts: VSV系统具有以下部件:- Two VSV actuators 两个VSV做动筒- Two bellcrank assemblies 两个摇臂组件- Four actuation rings (not shown) 四个作动环- Variable stator vanes. 可调静子叶片VARIABLE BLEED VALVE (VBV) SYSTEM可调放气活门(VBV)系统The variable ble