供应链管理基础之04节-物料需求计划

供应链管理基础,节4物料需求计划(MRP),BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,节1:供应链管理导言节2:预测节3:主计划节4:物料需求计划节5:能力管理与生产活动控制节6:库存基础节7:库存管理节8:分销节9:质量管理与采购节10：适时生产,课程大纲,1-2b,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,节4目标,需求的本质与物料需求计划的使用物料需求计划流程物料清单的目的物料清单的不同格式提前期,展开,和偏置订单计划与控制,4-1b,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,需求的本质,4-2,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,计划与控制系统,4-3,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,物料需求计划的目标,确定所需求物料需求什麽需求多少什麽时候需求建立与维护管理重点,4-4,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,MRP流程输入,主生产计划,MRP,计划的数据,物料清单,存货,4-5,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,描述:桌子物料号码:100物料号码描述需求数量单位306Woodenlegs4EA433Woodenends2EA711Woodensides2EA025Tabletop1EA822Hardware1Kit,物料清单,物料清单就是列示组成一个产品所需要的所有物料每个物料必须有一个唯一的物料号码,4-6,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,物料清单,单层多层,4-7,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,问题4.1(解答),需要多少个物料?采购的物料是?,4-8,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,用途与溯原,用途列示一个组件用于的所有母件,无论母件是否有需求溯原显示组件需求来源的母件以及需求数量与时间使用用途逻辑来鉴别当前需求来源可以是单层或多层,4-9,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,MRP流程,确定需求什麽需求多少什麽时候下达订单涉及主生产计划数据物料清单存货状态计划的数据,4-10,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,提前期,展开,与偏置,提前期:从订单下达时到可用时的时间展开:以用量遍历产品树架构累乘母件需求偏置:根据提前期在适当的时区下达需求,4-11,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,已计划订单,4-12,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,问题4.2,WeekItemPlannedOrder12345NumberReceipt200XReleaseReceiptYReleaseReceiptZReleaseReceiptWReleaseReceiptVRelease,4-13,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,毛需求与净需求,可用库存必须考虑净需求=毛需求可用库存例如:毛需求50units可用库存20units净需求30units,4-14,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,问题4.3,Item,Week,Number,1,3,4,5,Grossrequirements,50,Projectedavailable,20,20,20,20,20,B,Netrequirements,30,Plannedorderreceipt,30,Plannedorderrelease,30,Grossrequirements,30,Projectedavailable,10,C,Netrequirements,Plannedorderreceipt,Plannedorderrelease,Grossrequirements,30,Projectedavailable,0,0,0,D,Netrequirements,30,Plannedorderreceipt,30,Plannedorderrelease,30,Grossrequirements,Projectedavailable,E,Netrequirements,Plannedorderreceipt,Plannedorderrelease,Grossrequirements,20,Projectedavailable,0,F,Netrequirements,20,Plannedorderreceipt,20,Plannedorderrelease,20,2,0,0,4-15,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,问题4.3(解答),4-15a,Item,Week,Number,1,3,4,5,Grossrequirements,50,Projectedavailable,20,20,20,20,20,0,B,Netrequirements,30,Plannedorderreceipt,30,Plannedorderrelease,30,Grossrequirements,30,Projectedavailable,10,10,10,10,0,C,Netrequirements,20,Plannedorderreceipt,20,Plannedorderrelease,20,Grossrequirements,30,Projectedavailable,0,0,0,0,D,Netrequirements,30,Plannedorderreceipt,30,Plannedorderrelease,30,Grossrequirements,20,Projectedavailable,0,E,Netrequirements,20,Plannedorderreceipt,20,Plannedorderrelease,20,Grossrequirements,20,Projectedavailable,0,F,Netrequirements,20,Plannedorderreceipt,20,Plannedorderrelease,20,2,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,下单已计划订单,下达已计划订单的步骤检查物料的可用性下达已计划订单，开已计划收货单分派物料到已下达订单,4-16,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,基本的MRP记录,提前期:2周,4-17,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,问题4.4,Item,Week,Number,1,2,3,4,5,Grossrequirements,Scheduledreceipts,Projectedavailable,Netrequirements,Plannedorderreceipt,Plannedorderrelease,Grossrequirements,Scheduledreceipts,Projectedavailable,Netrequirements,Plannedorderreceipt,Plannedorderrelease,Grossrequirements,Scheduledreceipts,Projectedavailable,Netrequirements,Plannedorderreceipt,Plannedorderrelease,Grossrequirements,Scheduledreceipts,Projectedavailable,Netrequirements,Plannedorderreceipt,Plannedorderrelease,Grossrequirements,Scheduledreceipts,Projectedavailable,Netrequirements,Plannedorderreceipt,Plannedorderrelease,J,K,L,M,N,4-18,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,问题4.4(解答),4-18a,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,物料需求计划的运用,MRP逻辑会计算毛需求,净需求,偏置,以及展开需求开计划的订单保留当前重点软件会提供行动或例外信息,4-19,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,物料需求计划的运用,计划员的行动包括以下:下达已计划的订单重新编排延期订单改变订单数量协同他人解决问题,4-20,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,4-21,订单管理,已计划的订单由软件计划与控制下达订单已计划的收货计划员的职责是下达订单确认已计划的订单Plannerstooltooverridetheplannedorderintermsofquantity,time,orboth,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,问题4.5Part1,提前期:1week溯源:30forproductX40forproductY,4-22,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,问题4.5Part2,ItisnowMondaymorningofweek2,andyouhavejustfoundoutthatthescheduledreceiptof50hasbeeninspectedand20havebeenrejected.Whatactionshouldbetaken?WhoshouldbeadvisedandconsultedabouttheshortageofpartAinweek1?,4-23,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,节4:目标,Understandthenatureofdemandandtheuseofmaterialrequirementsplanning(MRP)DescribetheMRPprocess,itsinputs,anditsoutputsUnderstandthepurposesofbillsofmaterialRecognizethedifferentformatsofbillsofmaterialUnderstandleadtime,exploding,andoffsettingUnderstandhowanMRPplannerwouldusetheMRPrecordstoplanandcontrolorders,4-24,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,节4目标,需求的本质与物料需求计划的使用物料需求计划流程物料清单的目的物料清单的不同格式提前期,展开,和偏置订单计划与控制,4-1b,BasicsofSupplyChainManagement,Version2.1August2001,问题4.6,Item,Week,Number,1,2,3,4,5,Grossrequirements,Scheduledreceipts,Projectedavailable,Netrequirements,Plannedorderreceipt,Plannedorderrelease,Grossrequirements,Scheduledreceipts,Projectedavailable,Netrequirements,Plannedorderreceipt,Plannedorderrelease,Grossrequirements,Scheduledreceipts,Projectedavailable,Netrequirements,Plannedorderreceipt,Plannedorderrelease,Grossrequirements,Scheduledreceipts,Projectedavailable,Netrequirements,Plannedorderreceipt,Plannedorderrelease,Grossrequ