爱因斯坦详细介绍【英文】Einstein Chris Mason

AlbertEinstein,March14,1879,AlbertEinsteinwasborninUlm,Germany,1884,Einsteinsawawonderwhenhewasfourorfiveyearsold:amagneticcompass.Theneedlesnorthwardswing,guidedbyaninvisibleforce,impressedhim.Thecompassconvincedhimthattherehadtobesomethingbehindthings,somethingdeeplyhidden.,AlbertasaStudent,Einsteinknew,fromthenon,thathewantedtoteachmathandScienceataUniversitysomeday.Theproblemwas,hewasntaverygoodtest-takerandcouldnotgetajobataUniversitybecauseofit.RumorhasitthathehadevenfailedaMathtest,butsomepeoplequestionthatbecauseofthewaygradeswereassignedbackthen.,1905,AlbertEinsteindevelopshisSpecialTheoryofRelativity.HedidthiswhileworkingasaPatentClerkinGermany.Hewasntreallyevenascientistatthetime.,EinsteinsSpecialTheoryofRelativity,Relativetowhoiswatching,spaceandtimearetransformednearthespeedoflight:distancesappeartostretch;andclockstickmoreslowly.clock,EinsteinsSpecialTheoryofRelativity,EinsteinstheorymeantthatNewtonsLawsneededtobemodified.gravitySpaceandtimearenotabsolute-andtheuniverseweliveinisnotactuallytheoneNewtondiscovered.“spacetime,EinsteinContinuedhisGeniusin1905,Einsteinusestheideathatlightexistsastinypackets,orparticles,thatwenowcallphotons.Hisworkanchorsthemostshockingideaintwentiethcenturyscience:weliveinauniversebuiltoutoftinybitsofenergyandmatter.,EinsteinContinuedhisGeniusin1905,Next,inAprilandMay,Einsteinpublishestwopapers.Inoneheinventsanewmethodofcountinganddeterminingthesizeoftheatomsormoleculesinagivenspace.IntheotherheexplainsthephenomenonofBrownianmotion.Thenetresultisaproofthatatomsactuallyexist-stillanissueatthattime.,EinsteinContinuedhisGeniusin1905,Andthen,inJune,Einsteincompletesspecialrelativity-whichaddsatwisttothestory:specialrelativityseeslightasparticlesandacontinuousfieldofwaves.,EinsteinContinuedhisGeniusin1905,Andofcourse,Einsteinisntfinished.Laterin1905comesthemostfamousrelationshipinphysics:e=mc2.Theenergycontentofabodyisequaltothemassofthebodytimesthespeedoflightsquared.Atfirst,evenEinsteindoesnotunderstandthefullimplicationsofhisformula.,1907,In1907,EinsteinbeginstoapplythelawsofgravitytohisSpecialTheoryofRelativity.In1911,hefinallygetsajobasaProfessorofPhysicsattheGermanUniversity.,1910-1913,In1910,Einsteinaddressedabasicquestion:Whyistheskyblue?Heapproachedtheproblembylookingattheeffectofthescatteringoflightbyindividualmoleculesintheatmosphere.In1913,EinsteinbeginsworkonhisnewTheoryofGravity.,1915,EinsteincompleteshisGeneralTheoryofRelativity.EinsteinchallengedthewaytheworldthoughtaboutgravityandSirIsaacNewtonhimself-bydescribinggravityasthewarpingofspace-time,notaforceactingatadistance.,EinsteinsnewTheoryofGravity,1919,AsolareclipseprovesEinsteinright,andhebecomesanovernightcelebrity.AnexperimenthadconfirmedthatlightraysfromthesunweredeflectedbythegravityofthesuninjusttheamountEinsteinhadpredictedinhistheoryofgravity,GeneralRelativity.,1921,AlbertEinsteinisawardedtheNobelPrizeforhisservicestoTheoreticalPhysics,andespeciallyforhisdiscoveryofthelawofthephotoelectriceffect,1928,Einsteinbeginspursuinghisideaofaunifyingtheorythattieseverythingintheuniversetogether.,1933,Einsteinandhiswife,Elsa,escapeNaziGermanyandsetsailfortheUnitedStates.,1939,WorldWarIIbegins.EinsteinwritesanowfamouslettertoPresidentFranklinD.RoosevelturgingnuclearresearchandwarninghimofGermanysbuildingofanatomicbomb.,EinsteinsContribution,Between1905to1925,Einsteinchangedtheworldsunderstandingofnatureoneveryscale,fromthesmallestorganismtothewholeuniverse.Now,acenturyafterhebegantomakehismark,wearestillexploringEinsteinsuniverse.Theproblemshecouldnotsolveremaintheonesthatdefinethecuttingedge,themosttantalizingandcompelling.,EinsteinsContribution,Einsteincontinuedtohisdyingdays,tryingtofigureoutasinglecentraltheorythatexplainedeverythingintheuniverse.AnextensionofhisworkhasbecomeknownasStringTheory,whichsaysthateverythingintheuniverseismadeupoftinystringsofenergy.,April18,1955,AlbertEinsteindiesofHeartFailure.Thisisa