To_Helen-致海伦__诗歌赏析

ToHelen,EdgarAllanPoe,EdgarAllanPoewasanAmericanauthor,poet,editorandliterarycritic,consideredpartoftheAmericanRomanticMovement.Bestknownforhistalesofmysteryandthemacabre,PoewasoneoftheearliestAmericanpractitionersoftheshortstoryandisgenerallyconsideredtheinventorofthedetectivefictiongenre.Heisfurthercreditedwithcontributingtotheemerginggenreofsciencefiction.,AboutHelen-海伦,海伦是宙斯和勒达的女儿,她是那个时代最漂亮的女子.还在当姑娘的时候,她被忒修斯劫持抢走.后来由两位兄长重新把她夺回来.她跟随继父斯巴达国王廷达瑞俄斯长大.之后，她嫁给了墨涅拉俄斯（亚各斯人的国王）。海伦给他生下一个女儿。后来，墨涅拉俄斯外出。海伦一个人在宫殿里很孤寂。一次外出中，她在阿尔忒弥斯神庙遇见帕拉斯王子。两人相爱了。于是，王子就把海伦“劫持”到了自己的国家。也就是这件事，引发了著名的特洛伊战争。,Thebackgroundinformation,PoewroteToHelenasareflectiononthebeautyofMrs.JaneStithStanardwhodiedin1824.ShewasthemotherofoneofPoesschoolclassmateswhowassaidtohaveurgedhimtowritethispoem,andshewasPoesfirstreallove.在中学时代，爱伦.坡曾经热切地眷恋过一位同学的母亲，一个温柔娴静、知书达理的女人，而这个女人在三十一岁死于脑瘤，无疑给爱伦坡幼小的心灵刻上了终生难愈的创伤。,ToHelen-致海伦,Helen,thybeautyistomeLikethoseNiceanbarksofyore往昔，Thatgently,oeraperfumedsea,Theweary,way-wornwandererboreTohisownnativeshore.Ondesperateseaslongwonttoroam游荡,Thyhyacinth风信子hair,thyclassicface,ThyNaiad水仙女airshavebroughtmehomeTotheglorythatwasGreece,AndthegrandeurthatwasRome.Lo!inyoubrilliantwindow-nicheHowstatue-likeIseetheestand,Theagate玛瑙lampwithinthyhand!Ah,Psyche普塞克,fromtheregionswhichAreHolyLand!,海伦，你的美貌于我，有如往日尼西亚的三桅船，在芬芳的海上悠然浮起，把劳困而倦游的浪子载还，回到他故国的港湾。早已习惯于怒海上的飘荡，你风信子似的秀发，你闪烁着古典美的面庞，你水精仙子般的呼吸引我还乡，重见希腊的光荣与罗马的辉煌。看！那明亮的窗龛中间，我见你象一座神像站立，玛瑙的亮灯擎在你手里，哦！普赛克，你所来自的地方原是那遥远的圣地！,Hyperbole夸张海伦的美让大海也变得“芬芳四溢”。,Simile明喻海伦的美有如往日尼西亚的三桅船”，乍一看去，三桅船并非常见的美的喻体，但在爱伦坡看来，两者的共通之处在于它们都能将疲惫的水手带回家乡。,Analysis,Helen,thybeautyistomeLikethoseNiceanbarksofyore，Thatgently,oeraperfumedsea,Theweary,way-wornwandererboreTohisownnativeshore.,Alliteration头韵weary”，“way-worn”和“wanderer”都是以w开头的单词。诗人通过头韵将水手的疲惫形象活灵活现地展现出来.,Poe,inreferringtoHelen,maybealludingtotheGreekgoddessoflightorHelenofTroywhoisconsideredtobethemostbeautifulwomanwhoeverlived,thoughthereisnotenoughinformationgiventodetermineforcertain.HealsomakesareferencetoPsyche,abeautifulprincesswhobecametheloverofCupid.TheagatelampreferstothetimewhenPsychediscoveredthetrueidentityofCupid.,InToHelen,Poeiscelebratingthenurturingpowerofwoman.PoewasinspiredinpartbySamuelTaylorColeridge,particularlyinthesecondline(LikethoseNiceanbarksofyore)whichresemblesalineinColeridgesYouthandAge(Likethosetrimskiffs,unknownofyore).Poerevisedthepoemin1845,makingseveralimprovements,mostnotablychangingthebeautyoffairGreece,andthegrandeurofoldRometotheglorythatwasGreeceandthegrandeurthatwasRome.PoescholarJeffreyMeyersreferredtotheseastwoofPoesfinestandmostfamouslines.,Original1831versionHelen,thybeautyistomeLikethoseNiceanbarksofyore,Thatgently,oeraperfumdsea,Thewearyway-wornwandererboreTohisownnativeshore.Ondesperateseaslongwonttoroam,Thyhyacinthhair,thyclassicface,ThyNaiadairshavebroughtmehomeTothebeautyoffairGreece,AndthegrandeurofoldRome.Lo!inthatlittlewindow-nicheHowstatue-likeIseetheestand!ThefoldedscrollwithinthyhandAPsychefromtheregionswhichAreHolyland!,Revised1845versionHelen,thybeautyistomeLikethoseNiceanbarksofyoreThatgently,oeraperfumedsea,Theweary,way-wornwandererboreTohisownnativeshore.Ondesperateseaslongwonttoroam,Thyhyacinthhair,thyclassicface,ThyNaiadairshavebroughtmehomeTotheglorythatwasGreece,AndthegrandeurthatwasRome.Lo,inyonbrilliantwindow-nicheHowstatue-likeIseetheestand,Theagatelampwithinthyhand,Ah!Psyche,fromtheregionswhichAreHolyLand!,“风信子般的头发，典雅的面庞,水仙女般的风姿带我回到昨日希腊的光荣，和往昔罗马的盛况。,在第二节中，诗人进一步描写了海伦的美丽,Ondesperateseaslongwonttoroam,Thyhyacinthhair,thyclassicface,ThyNaiadairshavebroughtmehomeTotheglorythatwasGreece,AndthegrandeurthatwasRome,ParallelismandMetaphor,Simile看！那明亮的窗龛中间，我见你象一座神像站立，,在第三节诗中，诗人的描写的对象从海伦转到了普赛克（Psyche）一个可以与海伦媲美的公主。,在希腊神话中，普赛克公主，美丽绝伦。他是爱神厄洛斯之妻，厄洛斯禁止她看见自己的模样，而普赛克因好奇在夜晚举灯看丈夫的模样，灯油滴到爱神脸上唤醒了他，普塞克因此被丈夫逐出家门。,Lo!inyoubrilliantwindow-nicheHowstatue-likeIseetheestand,Theagatelampwithinthyhand!Ah,Psyche,fromtheregionswhichAreHolyLand!,TheTheme,ThebeautyofawomanwithwhomPoebecameacquaintedwhenhewas14.Apparentlyshetreatedhimkindlyandmayhaveurgedhimorperhapsinspiredhimtowritepoetry.Beauty,asPoeusesthewordinthepoem,appearstorefertothewomansbodyaswellashersoul.,Ontheonehand,herepresentsherasHelenofTroythequintessence（典范）ofphysicalbeauty-atthebeginningofthispoem.Ontheotherhand,herepresentsherasPsych