名词性从句讲解(公开课)

,名词性从句,RelatedConception(相关概念),1.名词:,表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。,2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?,名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。,TheboyisliMing.,主语,表语,Mr.Liang,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish.,主语,同位语,宾语,在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。,什么是名词性从句?,名词性从句,主语从句(TheSubjectClause),宾语从句(TheObjectClause),表语从句(ThePredicativeClause),同位语从句(TheAppositiveClause),请判断出下列的句子哪部分是从句,并判断属于哪种从句:,1.WhatIwanttodoistakingabath.2.Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool.3.Idontthink(that)heisanhonestboy.4.Thefactisthathestolethecar.5.Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?6.Doyouknowthemanwhoisstandingoverthere?7.Itissaidthattheywonthegame.,(主从),(同位语从句),(宾从),(表从),(同位语从句),(定从),(主从),Shesaid(that)sheisgoingtolearnEnglish.Iwanttoknowwhether/ifshestilllivesthere.Idontknowwhoallthesepeopleare.ShewantstoknowwhichfilmIlikebest.Pleasetellmewhereshelives.Iamnotinterestedinwhatheisdoing.Iamcertainthatheisathomenow.Iamafraidhewontcomeontime.,宾语从句,在句中充当及物动词,介词或某些形容词宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。,宾语从句,Idontknow（that）youwillcomehere.,注意：that在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常常被省去。但如果从句是并列句时,第二个及以后的分句前that不可省.,Weallagreed(that)itwouldbeamistakenottotakehisadvise.,Weallthink(that)sheisworkinghardandthatshewillsurelygotoagoodcollege.,我不知道他来不来。我想知道他来还是不来。你们是在谈论着他来还是不来吗？他不在乎天气是否好。,Idontknowwhether/ifhewillcome.,Iwanttoknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.,Areyoutalkingaboutwhetherhewillcome?,Hedoesntcareifitisntafineday.,注意：在宾语从句中，表示“是否”既可以用whether,也可以用if.但是，whether常与ornot连用；作介词宾语只用whether;从句是否定句时一般用if。,用合适的连接词填空,1.WangHaitoldme_hedidntgocyclingyesterdayafternoon.（how,why）2.Canyoutellme_elseisgoingtobeondutytoday?（who,whom）3.Shesaid_itwouldntmattermuch.（that,if）4.Healwaysthinks_hecandobetter.（how,who）5.Ireallydontknow_thebridgewillbefinished.（howlong,howsoon）,why,who,that,how,howsoon,宾语从句中的否定转移,我认为他不会来这里.,Ithinkhewontcomehere.()Idontthinkhewillcomehere.(),注意：如果宾语从句是由think,believe,imagine,suppose等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。,我认为他不会对我撒谎的.Idontthinkhewilllietome.我认为我们不应该借钱给他.Idontthinkweshouldlendhimmoney.,宾语从句中用it作形式宾语,Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpothers.Ifinditimpossiblethatheshouldfinishtheworkintwodays.,注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。that不能省.,believe,consider,feel,find,make,think,宾语从句的时态和语序,Couldyoutellmeifit_tomorrow?A.rainsB.israiningC.willrainD.rain2.Theteachertoldhisstudentsthesun_intheeast.A.riseB.risesC.roseD.risen,宾语从句中谓语用shoulddo的情况:Thegeneralorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.Hesuggestedthatwe(should)allbuydictionaries.Iinsistedthathe(should)apologizetome.一坚持Insist二命令ordercommand三建议adviseproposesuggest+recommend四要求askdemandrequestrequire,表语从句,在句中充当表语的从句(即放在be动词后面)叫做表语从句。,我们的目的是他能认识到错误。,Ourpurposeisthathecanrealizehisfaults.,注意：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。,问题是它是否值得做。,Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.,注意：表语从句表示“是否”只用“whether”而不用“if”,Itappearsthattheyareinneedofhelp.Itseemsthathedoesntlikelivinghere.Itturnedoutthattwopeoplehadbeenkilledintheaccident.,Thathouseis_thegardentoolsarestored.ThereasonIdontwanttogothereis_Ivejustgotanewjobhere.Thatwas_theyhadmadethemistake.Everythingintheroomis_itwastenyearsago.5.Whatwecareaboutis_itwillbeafinedaytomorrow.,where,that,how,what,whether,问题是谁能帮我学英语.这就是她不愿意出国留学的原因.那就是我要告诉你的.,ThequestioniswhocanhelpmewithmyEnglish.,Thatiswhysheisunwillingtostudyabroad.,ThatiswhatIwilltellyou.,在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。,他星期三来这里是肯定的。,hewillcomehereonWednesdayiscertain.,他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。,hewillcomehereonWednesdayisnotcertain.,That,主语从句,Whether,Whathesaidisnottrue.Whobrokethewindowhasnotbeenfoundout.Howheescapedisstillamystery.Whomsheborrowedmoneyfromstillpuzzledhim.,Exercise1_shesaidpuzzledhim._shesaidsuchathingpuzzledhim._weshouldsendtotakepartinthepartyistobediscussed._theydontwanttodroptheplanisclear._hefinishedtheworkinsoshorttimeremainsaquestion._itisgoingtosnowthiseveningisnotcertain.,What,Why,Whom/who,That,How,Whether,Exercise2,_(月球上没有生命)isknowntoall._(我在会议上说的)mustbekeptsecret._(是否这件事是真的)remainsaquestion._(我们什么时候开会)istobediscussed.,Thatthereisnolifeonthemoon,WhatIsaidatthemeeting,Whetheritistrue,Whenwewillhavethemeeting,Thathecantattendthepartyisapity.Itisapitythathecantattendtheparty.Howmuchmoneyisneededishardtosay.Itishardtosayhowmuchmoneyisneeded.Thatthemoonmovesaroundtheearthisknowntoall.Itisknowntoallthatthemoonmovesaroundtheearth.,it做形式主语,It+be+形容词that从句,Itisnecessarythat有必要Itisimportantthat.重要的是Itisobviousthat很明显,It+be+-ed分词that从句,Itisbelievedthat人们相信Itisknowntous/allthat.众所周知Ithasbeendecidedthat已经决定,用it形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的搭配：,It+be+名词that从句,Itiscommonknowledgethat是常识Itisasurprisethat.令人惊奇的是Itisafactthat事实是,It+不及物动词that从句,Itappearsthat似乎Ithappensthat.碰巧Itoccurredtomethat我突然想起,Exercise3,Itisawonder_youwerentinjured.Itisstillunknown_and_thistookplace.Itmakesnodifferencetome_heisrichorpoor.Itisnotyetdecided_istotakeherplaceassecretary,that,when,where,whether,who,同位语从句,在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句一般放在如idea,news,fact,promise,suggestion,belief,truth等含有丰富内涵的抽象的词语后面，用来说明前面那个词的具体内容。一般说来，同位语从句都用that来作连接词，而且不能省略。也可用how,when,where等。,他给了她一个承诺，他会在两个月后回来。,Hegaveherapromisethathewouldcomebackaftertwomonths.,试区分以下句子,Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?,Doyouknowthefactthattheyweretalkingabout?,注意：1.如果是定语从句，它的从句肯定是不完整的，关系词肯定在句中充当成分的；而同位语从句中的that只起连接作用。2.定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用，而同位语从句则解释说明先行词的具体内容。,(同从),(定从),Tellthedifference,1.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.2.Thenewsthatisspreadingaroundtheairportisthataheavyst