教学90新概念英语第二册90课

Lesson90,Whatsforsupper?,百词复习73,1record-holderrek:dhuld纪录保持者2truanttru:ntn.逃学的孩子unimaginativenimdintiva.缺乏想象力的4shameeimn.惭愧，羞耻5hitchhikehithaikv.搭便车旅行6meantimemi:ntaimn.其间7lorrylrin.卡车8borderb:dn.边界9evadeiveidv.逃避，逃离,百词复习73,1record-holderrek:dhuld2truanttru:ntunimaginativenimdintiv4shameeim5hitchhikehithaik6meantimemi:ntaim7lorrylri8borderb:d9evadeiveid,74,1limelightlaimlaitn.舞台灯光2precautionprik:nn.预防措施3fanfnn.狂热者，迷4shadyeidia.遮荫的5sherifferifn.司法长官6noticenutisn.告示7sneersnin.冷笑,74,1limelightlaimlait2precautionprik:n3fanfn4shadyeidi5sherifferif6noticenutis7sneersni,75,1thickika.厚的2signalsignln.信号3stampstmpv.跺，踩4helicopterhelikptn.直升飞机5scenesi:nn.现场6survivorsvaivn.幸存者,75,1厚的2信号3跺，踩4直升飞机5现场6幸存者,76,1foolfu:ln.傻瓜2bulletinbultinn.亲闻简报3announcernaunsn.(电视、电台)播音员4macaronimkrunin.通心面，空心面条5leadingli:dia.主要的6growergrun.种植者7splendidsplendida.极好的,76,8stalkst:kn.梗9gathergev.收庄稼10threshrev.打(庄稼)11processprusesv.加工12signorsi:nj:n.(意大利语)先生13presentprizent,preznta.目前的14championtmpinn.冠军15studiostju:diun.播音室,76,1foolfu:l2bulletinbultin3announcernauns4macaronimkruni5leadingli:di6growergru7splendidsplendid,76,8stalkst:k9gatherge10threshre11processpruses12signorsi:nj:13presentprizent,preznt14championtmpin15studiostju:diu,77,1mummymmin.木乃伊2Egyptianidipna.埃及的3templetempln.庙4markm:kn.斑点5platepleitn.(照相)底片6diseasedizi:zn.疾病7lastl:stv.持续,8provepru:vv.显示出9resinrezinn.树脂10skinskinn.皮，皮肤11sectionseknn.切片12figurefign.(人的)体形；人像13normallyn:mliad.通常地14survivesvaivv.幸免于,recite89,Peoplewilldoanythingtoseeafreeshow-evenifitisabadone.WhenthenewsgotroundthatacomedyshowwouldbepresentedatourlocalcinemabytheP.andU.BirdSeedCompany,weallrushedtoseeit.Wehadtoqueueforhourstogetinandtheremusthavebeenseveralhundredpeoplepresentjustbeforetheshowbegan.Unfortunately,theshowwasoneofthedullestwehaveeverseen.,口头翻译,人们总要想尽办法看不花钱的演出哪怕是拙劣的演出。当“皮尤”鸟食公司将在我们当地影院演出喜剧节目的消息传开后，我们都赶紧跑去观看。我们不得不排了好几个小时才进得场去。在演出开始前场内肯定已有好几百人了。,recite89,peopewhen,部分否定与全部否定,PartialNegation,有全体意义的代词或副词both,all,every(及其派生词),each,always,completely等,它们用于否定结构,只表示部分否定。译作“一切不都是”或“并非一切都是”。,1.all的否定式：notall（或：allnot）表示并非都、不是所有的都,1)Allhopewasnotlost.,并非所有的希望都破灭了。,2)不是所有的鸟都会飞。,Notallbirdscanfly.,=Allbirdscannotfly.,=Somebirdscantfly.,Allthatflattersyouarenotfaithfulfriends.奉承你的人并非都是忠实的朋友。Itwouldprovethatallisnotlost,thatthesunisgoingtorise,andthatmencanstillhavehope.可以证明，并非一切都完了，太阳依然会升起来，人们任然有希望。Allarenotsaintsthatgotochurch.上教堂的未必都是圣人。,PartialNegation,=Notbothofthetwomathproblemsareverydifficult.,2.both的否定式：notboth(或：bothnot)并非两个都,并非两道数学题都难。,Bothofthetwomathproblemsarenotverydifficult.,3.every的否定式：不是每都,Noteverybookiseducative.=Everybookisnoteducative.,不是每本书都有教育意义的。,Everythingisnotgood,butequallyeverythingisnotbad.,并非一切都好，也并非一切都不好,PartialNegation,不可以完全信任商人。,4.always的否定式：并非总是（并非一直）,Heisnotalwayssosad.,他并不是一直都这样悲伤。,5.entirely,altogether,completely和quite的否定式：不完全，并非完全,Thebusinessmanisnevertobeentirelytrusted.,Idontagreecompletely.,我并不完全同意。,PartialNegation,他做的不十分妥当。,Whathedidwasnotquiteproper.,Amanoflearningisnotalwaysamanofwisdom.,Afoolishmandoesntmakeamistakeallthetime.,6.allthetime的否定式：并非一直、未必老是,笨人未必老是犯错误。,7.not.fornothing,seldomn，hardly,little等词也可以表示部分否定的否定式：并非一直、未必老是,Itwasnotfornothingthatshespenttwoyearsstudyingskies.,她花了两年时间研究天体并非毫无收获。,II.fullNegation,如要对上述的all,both,every,always,以及entirely,altogether,completely,quite和allthetime等词作完全否定，那就分别要用与之相对应的表全部否定的词：,allnone一个人也没有、没有任何东西bothneither两个都不everynoeveryonenoone/nobodyeverythingnothingalwaysnever,我一生中，印象最深刻的就是第一次参观故宫博物馆。,Noneofuswasallowedtogothere.,我们全都不让去那里。,NothinginmylifeimpressedmesodeeplyasmyfirstvisittothePalaceMuseum.,将下列句子变成全部否定,Allofthemcandoit.-,Neitherisgood.,Noneofthemcandoit.,Botharegood.-,Nobodyknowsit.,Heisneverlate.,Wenevertrustthematall.,Everybodyknowsit.-,Heisalwayslate.-,Wedonttrustthementirely.-,知识呈现：,那时几乎没有女孩子去上学。,III.其他的否定形式,1.借助否定词hardly，scarcely，seldom，little，few等来表达否定之意,Youcanhardlybelievewhathesays.,他说的你不能信。,Veryfewgirlswenttoschoolthen.,我们中没有人是无望的，我们都可以从我们身上找到力量原。,2.借助否定前缀a-，ab-，an-，de-，dis-，il-，im-，in-，ir-，non-，un-，under-等构成的词表达否定之意；也可以用后缀-less，-free，-proof等构成的词表达否定之意。,Hisirregularheartbeatsbeganagainlastyear.,昨夜他不规则的心跳又开始了。,Noneofusarehopelessandweallhavethepowerwithinourselvestorecover.,3.借助一些固定搭配,1)befarfrom+adj.一点也不,thedebateisfarfromover.,这场争论远未结束。,2)anythingbut绝不，根本不,Onweekends,hewastootiredtodoanythingbutliearoundorgotothegym.,在周末，他太累了，任何事情都不能做，而只是躺着或去健身房。,5)notabit/notintheleast-notatall,3)notafew-alotof不少(许多),NotafewpeoplearelearningEnglishthemselves.,不少人现在正自学英语。,4)notalittle-very,Shewasnotalittleworriedabouttheexpense.,她对那笔开支相当苦恼。,Wearenotabitafraidofbleedingandsweating.,我们决不怕流血流汗。,Iknownoneofthem.2)Ilikeneitherofthebooks.3)NostudentgoestothefarmonSundays.4)Noone/Nobodyinourclasslikesfootball.,我们班没有人喜欢足球。,星期天没有学生去农场。,这两本书我都不喜欢。,他们我都不认识。,1.Notallmencanswim.2.NotallChinesepeoplelikebeef.3.Idontkownallofthem.,=Ionlyknowsomeofthem,notall.,=AllChinesepeopledontlikebeef.,=Allmencannotswim.,解释下列句子,1)Allofthemcandoit.2)Botharegood.3)Everybodylikesit.4)Heisalwayslate.5)Wedonttrustthementirely.6)Hewashereallthetime.,-Hewasneverhere.,-Wenevertrustthematall.,-Heisneverlate.,-Nobodylikesit.,-Neitherisgood.,-Noneofthemcandoit.,变否定句,语法bj12gk,grammar,grammar,grammar,21.A。考查状语从句连接词。evenif即便，asthough似乎，incase以防，ifonly要是多好。22.C。bythetime后接现在时，表示将来之前发生的动作，故用将来时。23.D。并列结构，making与correcting并列。24.C。从句考查，宾语从句不缺少成分用that引导。25.B。时态考点，前半句的wouldcome是过去将来时，但是仍然发生在过去.26.B。非限制性定语从句，which作表语。27.C。非谓语动词考点。tin和use是被动关系，故用过去分词形式。28.D。形容词考点。比较级，根据句意即刻判断。29.B。被动语态。发生在过去的被动动作。30.D。描述在过去阶段发生的动作，强调状态，用一般过去式。31.A。祈使句考点，用动词原形。32.A。非谓语考点，目的状语用不定式。33.C。虚拟语气考点，对过去的虚拟，本能。34.D。介词考点35.B。虚拟语气考点，对现在的虚拟用were。,writing,第一节情景作文（20分）假设你是红星中学高三（1）班的学生李华，校报英文版正在开展“续写雷锋日记”活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，将你所做的一件好事以日记形式记述下来，向校报投稿。注意：1.日记的开头已为你写好。2.词数不少于60。,参考范文,grammar,接不定式作宾语的动词【速记口诀】三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝；设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。【妙语诠释】三个希望两答应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide不要假装在选择：pretend，choose,grammar,接不定式作宾语的动词【速记口诀】三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝；设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。【妙语诠释】三个希望两答应：两个要求莫拒绝：设法学会做决定：不要假装在选择：,grammar,接不定式作宾语的动词【速记口诀】三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝；设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。【妙语诠释】三个希望两答应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide不要假装在选择：pretend，choose,接动名词作宾语的动词【速记口诀】Mrs.PBlackmissedabeefbag.（.布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。）【妙语诠释】该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是：M=mind，r=risk，s=succeedin，P=practice，B=bebusy，l=lookforwardto，a=admit，c=canthelp，k=keepon，m=miss，i=insiston，s=suggest，s=stop，e=enjoy，d=delay，a=avoid，b=beworth，a=advise，g=giveup。,接动名词作宾语的动词【速记口诀】Mrs.PBlackmissedabeefbag.（.布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。）【妙语诠释】该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是：M=mind，r=risk，s=succeedin，P=practice，B=bebusy，l=lookforwardto，a=admit，c=canthelp，k=keepon，m=miss，i=insiston，s=suggest，s=stop，e=enjoy，d=delay，a=avoid，b=beworth，a=advise，g=giveup。,接动名词作宾语的动词【速记口诀】Mrs.PBlackmissedabeefbag.（.布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。）【妙语诠释】该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语，这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是：M=r=s=P=B=l=a=c=k=m=i=s=s=e=d=a=b=a=g=,辨析,1.alittle/little(1)alittle,little用于修饰不可数名词。(2)alittle“有一些”，表示肯定概念。little“几乎没有”，表示否定概念。例Thereisalittlewaterintheglass.杯子里有一些水。Thereislittlewaterintheglass,soyoucantdrinkany.杯子里几乎没有水了，你不可能喝到水了。,辨析,2.afew/few(1)afew,few用来修饰可数名词。(2)afew“有一些”，表示肯定概念，few几乎没有，表示否定意义。例Themanhasbeenhereformanyyears,sohehasafewfriends.这个人在这里住了很多年了，他有一些朋友。Iamanewcomerhere,soIhavefewfriendshere.我刚来到这里，所以我在这里没有几个朋友。,辨析-easy,3.already/yet/still1)already意为“已经”，常用于肯定句，与完成时和进行时连用为多。用于疑问句时表示问话人持怀疑、惊异的态度。（2）yet通常用于疑问句和否定句，在疑问句中作“已经”解，在否定句中作“还”、“尚未”解。,辨析,4.arrive/reach/getarrive+in/atgetto+名词reach+名词当reach、arrive、get后接地点副词here、there、home时,不能后接任何介词reach_Beijing;arrive_thestationget_home,辨析,4.arrive/reach/getarrive+in/atgetto+名词reach+名词当reach、arrive、get后接地点副词here、there、home时,不能后接任何介词reach_/_Beijing;arrive_at_thestationget_/_home,改错,7.ThereisgoingtohaveasportsmeetingbeforeNationalDay._8.Ahorseisntasbiggerasanelephant._9.Itshardforhimtodosomanyhomeworkinoneday._,改错,7.ThereisgoingtohaveasportsmeetingbeforeNationalDay._8.Ahorseisntasbiggerasanelephant._9.Itshardforhimtodosomanyhomeworkinoneday._7.havebe8.biggerbig9.manymuch,写作,文段表达（15分）74.初中生活即将结束，我们有很多不能忘记的美好记忆。与同学之间的友好交往，与老师之间的坦诚沟通。与家长之间的倾心交流你校校报EnglishClub正在开展以“难忘的回忆”为主题的征文活动。假设你叫魏东，请你参加投稿,写一件你与同学（或朋友、老师、家长）等曾经经历过的美好事情，并谈谈你的感受。提示词语：experience;interest;learn;change;thankful;encourage;confident,.Onepossibleversion:,Mylifeinmiddleschoolwillcometotheendsoon.Duringthepastthreeyears,myEnglishteachergavemesomuchhelpthatIwillneverforgether.IwasnotgoodatEnglish,ItriedmybesttolearnitbutIcouldntgetgoodgrades,soIdecidedtogiveitup.MyEnglishteacherknewthat,shenotonlyencouragedmetogoonlearningbutalsohelpedmewithmyEnglishafterclass.Withherhelp,Imadegreatprogress.IwasmovedbyherandIwasreallythankfultoher.NowIfeelmoreconfidentthanbefore.ImsureIcanlearnEnglishverywellinthefuture.,swallow1.咽下，吞下；勉强把咽下(常与down连用)：Hecontractedhisbrowsandswallowedmedicinedown.他皱了皱眉头，然后一口把药水喝了下去。,swallow,2.抑制，忍住，使不流露：toswallowasob忍住不抽噎,flatter,vt.奉承；谄媚；使高兴向谄媚，阿谀奉承，恭维，过分夸奖：Sheisflatteringyou.她是在奉承你。,astory,Onedayacrowstoodonabranchnearhisnestandfeltveryhappywiththemeatinhismouth.Atthattime,afoxsawthecrowwiththemeat,soheswallowedandeagerlythoughtofaplantogetthemeat.However,whateverthefoxsaidtothecrow,thecrowjustkeptsilent.Untilthefoxthoughthighlyofthecrowsbeautifulvoice,thecrowfeltflatteredandopenedhismouthtosing.Assoonasthemeatfelldowntotheground,thefoxtookthemeatandwentintohishole.,TheFoxandtheCrow“狐狸和乌鸦”,有一天,一只乌鸦站在窝旁的树枝上嘴里叼着一片肉，心里非常高兴。这时候，一只狐狸看见了乌鸦，馋得直流口水，非常想得到那片肉。但是，无论狐狸说什么，乌鸦就是不理睬狐狸。最后，狐狸赞美乌鸦的嗓音最优美，并要求乌鸦唱几句让他欣赏欣赏。乌鸦听了狐狸赞美的话，得意极了，就唱起歌来。没想到，肉一掉下来，狐狸就叼起肉，钻回了洞,根据故事内容写出2-3个问题,例如：Onedayacrowstoodonabranchnearhisnest.Wheredidacrowstandoneday?然后，互相问答。,填空,1.Listentothelittlegirl.She_(recite)apoem.2._yoursister_(study)inthisschooltwoyearsago?3.I_(notgo)tothecitynextweek.4.Youneednt_(come)heresoearly.,填空,1.Listentothelittlegirl.She_isreciting_(recite)apoem.2._Did_yoursister_study_(study)inthisschooltwoyearsago?3.I_wontgo/amnotgoingtogo_(notgo)tothecitynextweek.4.Youneednt_come_(come)heresoearly.,6.Doyouoftengo_(climb)mountains?7.They_(leave)heretomorrow.8.Ispendtwohours_(do)myhomeworkeveryday.9.Whilewe_(wait)forthebus,agirl_(run)uptous.,6.Dooftengo_climbing_(climb)mountains?7.They_willleave_(leave)heretomorrow.8.Ispendtwohours_doing_(do)myhomeworkeveryday.9.Whilewe_werewaiting_(wait)forthebus,agirl_ran/wasrunning_(run)uptous.,Asaproverbgoes,Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧Timeismoney.时间就是金钱Easiersaidthandone.说来容易做来难Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟成,Asaproverbgoes,熟能生巧时间就是金钱说来容易做来难有志者事竟成,Lesson90,Whatsforsupper?,单词讲解,chipoverfishgiantterrifydiveroilrig,n.油煎土豆片v.过度捕捞adj.巨大的v.吓，使恐怖n.潜小员石油钻塔,witcagesharkwhalevarietycodskatefactorcrew,n.（复数）理智，头脑n.笼n.鲨鱼n.鲸n.品种n.鳕n.鳐n.因素n.全体工作人员,overfishv.过度捕捞over做前缀，表示“过度的”打扮的过了份overdressed我把饭做糊了。Iovercooktherice.你过分了。Youoverdidit.,giant（1）adj.巨大的一個大公司agiantcorporation（2）n.（故事或傳說等）巨人、大漢傑克看到巨人爬下豆莖。Jacksawthegiantclimbingdownthebeanstalk（3）n.偉人、大人物他是電子行業执牛耳者Heisthegiantinthefieldofelectronics.,terrifyv.吓，使恐怖、使受驚嚇terrifysb惊吓某人、威胁(某人)他的突然出現，嚇壞了他們。Hissuddenappearanceterrifiedthem.beterrifiedof害怕.,恐惧.孩子們害怕被罵。Thechildrenwereterrifiedofbeingscolded.beterrifiedby/beterrifiedat被嚇一跳他的突然出現使他們都嚇壞了。Theywereterrifiedbyhissuddenappearance.Theywereterrifiedathissuddenappearance.,divern.潜水员、跳水選手diven.vi.跳水，潛水；俯沖，撲從橋上跳入河中divefromthebridgeintotheriverdivefor（為尋找或取）潛水他們潛水去撈牡蠣Theydiveddownforoysters.diveinto(突然)投入,跳入、潛心研究他潛心研究中國的歷史。HedivedintothehistoryofChina.,oil（1）n.油食用油cookingoilpouroilontheflame（2）n.油畫顏料画油画paintinoils（3）v.在.注（塗）油給鐘加油oilaclock,wit（1）n.（复数）理智，头脑（wits）他反應敏銳Hehasquickwits.他在紧急情况中缺少临机应变的能力。Helackedthewitstoseewhattodointheemergency.（2）機智、聰明（u）他的演講充滿了機智和幽默。Hisspeechwasfullofwitandhumor.livebyoneswits靠小聰明過日子outofoneswits失去理智,varietyn.多樣化他过着豐富多彩的生活Helivesalifefullofvariety.avarietyof種種，多種多樣的地球上有各種不同的人。Thereareawidevarietyofpeopleontheearth.varietyshow（英）綜藝節目varietystore（美）雜貨店variousadj.（1）形形色色的、種種的來自各國的代表representativesfromvariouscountries（2）許多的、好幾個的（無比較級的變化）,factor（）n.（造成某結果的）因素、要素造成糾紛的主要因素就是钱Moneyisthemainfactorthatcausedthedispute.誠信是他成功的因素之一。Honestyisonefactorforhissuccess.（2）n.因數、因子,crewn.（船、飛機、火車等的）全体工作人员（集體名詞）工作人員很多。Thecrewislarge.全體機組人員總共是個。Thecrewofthejetare30inall.這架飛機有七十名乘客，名機組人員。Theplanehadseventypassengersandacrewoften.crewcut小平頭,课文讲解,FishandchipshasalwaysbeenafavoritedishinBritain,butastheoceanshavebeenoverfished,fishhasbecomemoreandmoreexpensive.SoitcomesasasurprisetolearnthatgiantfishareterrifyingthediversonNorthSeaoilrigs.Oilrigshavetoberepairedfrequentlyanddivers,whooftenhavetoworkindarknessahundredfeetunderwater,havebeenfrightenedoutoftheirwitsbygiantfishbumpingintothemastheywork.,Nowtheyhavehadspecialcagesmadetoprotectthemfromthesemonsters.Thefisharenotsharksorkillerwhales,butfavouriteeatingvarietieslikecodandskatewhichgrowtounnaturalsizes,sometimesasmuchastwelvefeetinlength.Threefactorshavecausedthesefishtogrowsolarge:thewarmwaterroundthehotoilpipesunderthesea;theplentifulsupplyoffoodthrownoverboardbythecrewsontherigs;thetotalabsenceoffishingboatsaroundtheoilrigs.Asaresult,thefishjusteatandeatandgrowandgrowinthelovelywarmwater.Whoeatswho?,SUMMARYWRITING,DiversworkingonNorthSeaoilrigsareoftenterrifiedbygiantfishthatbumpintothemwhentheyareworkingindeepwater.,SUMMARYWRITING,DiversworkingonNorthSeaoilrigsareoftenterrifiedbygiantfishthatbumpintothemwhentheyareworkingindeepwater.Thesefisharenotsharksorwhales.Onthecontrary,theyarefavouriteeatingvarietiesthatgrowtounnaturalsizes.,SUMMARYWRITING,DiversworkingonNorthSeaoilrigsareoftenterrifiedbygiantfishthatbumpintothemwhentheyareworkingindeepwater.Thesefisharenotsharksorwhales.Onthecontrary,theyarefavouriteeatingvarietiesthatgrowtounnaturalsizes.Threefactorshavecausedthistohappen:thefirstisthewarmthfromoil-pipes;thesecondisthesupplyofplentifulfood;thethirdistheabsenceoffishingroundtherigs.(76words),SUMMARYWRITING,DiversworkingonNorthSeaoilrigsareoftenterrifiedbygiantfishthatbumpintothemwhentheyareworkingindeepwater.Thesefisharenotsharksorwhales.Onthecontrary,theyarefavouriteeatingvarietiesthatgrowtounnaturalsizes.Threefactorshavecausedthistohappen:thefirstisthewarmthfromoil-pipes;thesecondisthesupplyofplentifulfood;thethirdistheabsenceoffishingroundtherigs.(76words),SUMMARYWRITING,DiversworkingonNorthSeaoilrigsareoftenterrifiedbygiantfishthatbumpintothemwhentheyareworkingindeepwater.Thesefisharenotsharksorwhales.Onthecontrary,theyarefavouriteeatingvarietiesthatgrowtounnaturalsizes.Threefactorshavecausedthistohappen:thefirstisthewarmthfromoil-pipes;thesecondisthesupplyofplentifulfood;thethirdistheabsenceoffishingroundtherigs.(76words),以diver的身份写一段话谈谈自己的经历和感受,1.喜欢的食物；2.自己工作的地点和环境；3.说说自己的感受。尽量用复杂的句型。,FishandchipshasalwaysbeenafavoritedishinBritain,butastheoceanshavebeenoverfished,fishhasbecomemoreandmoreexpensive.fishandchips油煎鱼加炸土豆片，英国的一種家常菜，被看做是一盤菜，因此用單數動詞用and相連的名詞看成一個整體時，謂語動詞用單數形式；如果把他們看成分開的部分，動詞就用複數形式。moreandmore越來越觀眾們越來越興奮。Theaudiencegotmoreandmoreexcited.越來越多的醫生使用這種新藥。Moreandmoredoctorshavebeguntousethenewmedicine.,SoitcomesasasurprisetolearnthatgiantfishareterrifyingthediversonNorthSeaoilrigs.NorthSea北海Oilrigshavetoberepairedfrequentlyanddivers,whooftenhavetoworkindarknessahundredfeetunderwater,havebeenfrightenedoutoftheirwitsbygiantfishbumpingintothemastheywork.befrightenedoutoftheirwits被嚇暈了、被吓得惊惶失措bumpinto（1）撞上我看到出租車撞上一輛停著的汽車。Isawthetaxibumpintoaparkedcar.（2）不期而遇我今天在城里偶然碰到了一位老朋友。Ibumpedintoanoldfriendintowntoday,Nowtheyhavehadspecialcagesmadetoprotectthemfromthesemonsters.havesthdonegetsthdone讓別人做某事protect.fromprotectagainst保护免受他戴著太陽鏡保護眼睛免受強光傷害。Heiswearingsunglassestoprotecthiseyesfromthestrongsunlight.Thefisharenotsharksorkillerwhales,butfavoriteeatingvarietieslikecodandskatewhichgrowtounnaturalsizes,sometimesasmuchastwelvefeetinlength.,Threefactorshavecausedthesefishtogrowsolarge:cause+n.todo成為原因旱災造成植物死亡Thedroughtcausedtheplantstodie.cause+n.導致是什麼使他生病？Whatcausedhissickness？事故是由於粗心大意而引起的。Theaccidentiscausedbycarelessnesscausesbsthcausesthtosb引導某人、某事他帶給父母許多麻煩。Hecausedhisparentsalotoftrouble.Hecausedalotoftroubletohisparents,thewarmwaterroundthehotoilpipesunderthesea;theplentifulsupplyoffoodthrownoverboardbythecrewsontherigs;overboardadv.（自船上、岸上）到水中falloverboard從船上落水、從火車上掉下來plentifuladj.豐富的、很多的（反義詞scarce）水供應充足aplentifulsupplyofwaterplentyn.plentyof大量的通常用於肯定句中否定句、疑問句則用enough,much,many,thetotalabsenceoffishingboatsaroundtheoilrigs.absence（）n.缺乏、缺少缺乏雨水造成植物死亡。Absenceofraincausedtheplantstodie.（2）n.不在、外出、缺席我不在時要規矩點。Behaveyourselfduringmyabsence.缺勤七天之後，他被开除了Afteranabsenceofsevendaysfromwork,hewasfired.,Asaresult,thefishjusteatandeatandgrowandgrowinthelovelywarmwater.asaresult=so结果是，因此他没有努力学习数学，因此他没有通过考试。Hedidntworkhardatmathematics.Asaresult,hefailedintheexamination.asaresultof因为（becauseof）由於交通阻塞,他遲到了。Hewaslateasaresultofthetrafficjam.eatandeatandgrowandgrow我們等了又等。Wewaitedandwaited.Whoeatswho?,难点,【SpecialDifficulties】被看作整体的、用and连接的两个名词1.当主语是and连接的两个名词时，谓语通常用复数形式：Anumbrellaandasuitcasearestillneeded.,2.有些名词由于经常在一起连用，就把它们看成一个整体（或一个单位），因而成了一种复合名词。它们不仅有固定的词序，且后面的谓语动词通常要用单数形式。这类复合名词有：baconandeggs（咸肉和鸡蛋），breadandbutter（面包和黄油），cheeseandwine（奶酷和葡萄酒），fishandchips（鱼和油炸土豆片），aknifeandfork（一副刀叉），sausage(s)andmash（香肠和土豆泥）。通常被作为单数看待的有一道菜和一套东西。,FishandchipsisapopularmealinBritain.如果把两个名词看成是分开的东西，动词就要用复数：Fishandchipsmakeagoodmeal.,练习412B,4.Hehashadabookpublished.havesth.done使得某物/某人被.,练习412B,4.Hehashadabookpublished.havesth.done使得某物/某人被.1.Theyhavehadspecialcagesmadetoprotectthediversfromthesemonsters.2.Theoilcompanieshavehadtherigsrepairedfrequently.,3.Thediversoftenhavetoworkintotaldarkness.5.Wehavetoprotectfishstocks.6.Wehave