过去分词用法 ppt.ppt

,过去分词PastParticiple,课题策划：Guan,目录,1、谓语*,2、表语,3、定语,4、状语,5、宾语补足语,谓语*,“Have+过去分词”完成时/非谓语动词的完成时我已经看过这个电影了Ihaveseenthisfilmalready.你看见我的包了么？Haveyouseenmybag?“be+过去分词”被动/非谓语动词的被动孩子们被照顾得很好Thechildrenwerewelllookedafter,表语,主语+谓语+宾语主语+系动词+表语,实意动词,（半）系动词,表语,1.V-ed放在系动词（be,get,feel,seem,look,become)之后做表语，表示性质，特征，状态。主要表示动作的完成和状态，相当于adj.我的心碎了。Myheartisbroken.玻璃被Jack打碎了TheglasswasbrokenbyJack.门仍然锁着。Thedoorremainedlocked.,表语,Be+V-ed表状态V-ed相当于adj.Theshopisclosednow.Thewindowisbroken.Thetownissurroundedbyhills.,V-ed表动作（被动语态）ItwasbrokenbyTimItusuallyclosedat8pm.Itwillbecompletednextspring.,2.表语vs.被动,表语,3.当人做主语时，用V-ed做表语，表主语的思想感情。当我们听到这个故事的时候，我们被深深的感动了。Whenweheardofthestory,weweredeeplymoved.,表语,4.某些V-ed并非过去分词，而是由n.变化而来的adj.为此我自感羞愧Iamashamedofmyselfforit.作为一个艺术家，她很有天赋。Asanartist,sheisquitegifted.,定语,不及物V-ed作定语，表动作已完成。被动落叶fallenleaves退休的老师Aretiredteacher升起的太阳risensun,及物V-ed作定语，表被动或已完成的被动。一位受尊敬的客人anhonoredguest一个分裂的国家adividedcountry.,定语,2.V-ed作定语，一般在被修饰词之前。Thebrokenclockshouldberepairedassoonaspossible.但也有个别V-ed习惯后置。Thereislittletimeleft.Iwanttochangethematerialused.,定语,3.被修饰词是由不定代词Every/some/any/no+thing/body所构成的，V-ed后置。例：有人受伤吗？Isanybodyinjured?,定语,4.V-ed短语做（后置）定语，相当于定语从句HeisreadinganovelwrittenbyLuXun.Heisreadinganovel(whichwas)writtenbyLuXun.V-ed短语做非限制性定语，相当于非限制性定语从句Thebooks,writtenbyLuXun，arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople.Thebooks,whichwaswrittenbyLuXun，arepopularwithmanyChinesepeople,定语,5.V-ed作定语时三种时态Thebuildingbuiltlastyearisverybeautiful.Thebuildingbigbuiltwillbecompletednextmonth.Thebuildingtobebuiltwillbeahospital.,(已发生）,（正在发生）,（将来时）,状语,1.V-ed作状语，表被动或完成的动作。Writteninahurry,thearticlewasnotsogood!不及物V-ed不表被动，只表完成。fallenleaves有些V-ed来源于系表结构，作状语不表被动而表主动:Lost,seat,hidden,stationed,born,Lost/absorbedin,dressedin,tiredofeg:Lostindeepthought,hedidnthearthesound.Borninthisbeautifultown,hehatestoleaveit.,状语,2.V-ed作状语，其逻辑主语=主句主语时，应注意人称一致。_theearthtobeflat,manyfearedthatColumbuswouldfallofftheedge._fromthehills,thecitylooksbeautiful.,Believing,Seen,状语,2.V-ed作状语，前面再加逻辑主语，主句的主语不再是分局句逻辑主语，这种带主语的过去分词叫做_Thesignalgiven,thebusstarted._有时也用“with/without+n.+分词”表示伴随状况。例：他们安静地坐在那里，眼睛盯着湖面。Theysattheresilently,withtheireyesfixedonthelake.Thethiefwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.,独立主格结构,独立主格结构,状语,3.V-ed做时间、原因、条件，让步或伴随状语，相当于相应的状语从句。时间：Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful._,thecitylooksbeautiful.条件：Givenanotherchance,hewilldobetter._,hewilldobetter.原因：_,Tomdidntknowwhattodo.Becausehewassurprisedatwhathappened,Tomdidntknow让步：_,Iwonttakepartintheparty.EvenifIaminvited,Iwonttakepartintheparty.伴随：Thescientistenteredintothelab,_.Thescientistenteredintothelab,withhisassistantfollowedhim.,Whenitisseenfromthehill,Ifheisgivenanotherchance,Surprisedatwhathappened,Evenifinvited,followedbyhisassistant,状语,4.状语从句改过去分词作状语，有时保留连词，构成“连词+过去分词”While，when，once，until，if，thougheg:Whengivenamedialexamination,youshouldkeepcalm.,状语,5.过去分词可以放到主句前，做句首状语，后面用逗号隔开；也可以放到主句后面，前面用逗号隔开。Theysattheresilently,withtheireyesfixedonthelake.Withtheireyesfixedonthelake,theysattheresilently.,宾语补足语（宾补）,宾语补足语vs.双宾语,Heboughtadogfromthepetclinic,andnameditJayson.Ishallgiveyouadog.,宾语补足语：用来说明宾语，与宾语形成主谓关系。形式：“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”Heboughtadogfromthepetclinic,andnameditJayson.WecallhersisterLi双宾语：有些及物动词可以接两个宾语,即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语,形式：“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”Ishallgiveyouadog.Myparentsboughtmeacomputer.,宾语补足语vs.双宾语,ItisJayson.,SheissisterLi,宾语补足语,1.表感觉，心理状态感官动词（see,watch,lookat,hear,listento,feel,notice,observe,think,find）+V-ed作宾补，表被动。例：我刚刚看到一个老人被车撞倒了。Isawanoldmanknockeddownbyacarjustnow.*Seesb./sth.done,宾语补足语,2.表“使让”使役动词（let,make,get,keep,leave,have)+V-ed,表使让。Itwassocoldthatthedrivercouldntgetthecarstarted.Thenewsreallymademedisappointed.*Makesb./sth.doMakesb./sth.done,宾语补足语,Have/get+宾语+过去分词（宾补）主动请别人做某事他想去剪头发Hewantstohavehishaircut.主语遭遇某种情况他在打篮球的时候伤到了胳膊。Hehad/gothisarminjuredwhileplayingbasketball.普通被动含义“使得被”我们要在春节前把墙刷完。Wearegoingtohave/getthewallpaintedbeforeSpringFestival.,宾语补足语,3.表“希望”、“要求”、“命令”等如like,want,wish,order例：我可不想我的女儿天黑以后被带出去Idontwantmydaughtertobetakenoutafterdark.*Wanttodosth.Wantsb./sth.done(被动）,宾语补足语,(to)V./V-ing/V-ed作宾补的区别Isawhimtakeawaythebookjustnow.Isawhimtakingawaythebookonthedesk.Isawthebooktakenawaybyachild.Isawyoublamed.,主动（结果）,正在（过