初中英语_一般现在时_过去时_现在进行时_讲解

现在进行时,一，现在进行时的构成现在进行时由be+v-ing构成。be应为助动词，它应与主语的人称和数保持一致。,动词后加ing的规则,1.直接加-ing,2以-e结尾一般应去掉e再加ing,writehopecarehavesaveproducebreathe,writinghopingcaringhavingsavingproducingbreathing,3.重读闭音节加一辅音结尾的，最后一个字母需重复,runstopplansitcontrolbegincutswim,runningstoppingplanningsittingcontrollingbeginningcuttingswimming,4特殊,diedying，tietying，lielying,gettingputtingshopping,getputshop,二，基本用法,肯定句式：主语+be(am,is,are)+现在分词+其它.否定句式：主语+be(am,is,are)+not+现在分词+其它,说话时正在进行的动作,我们正在等你,Wearewaitingforyou.,Theyareplayingbasketballnow.,现在他们正在打篮球,Listen！SheissinginganEnglishsong,.听，她正在唱英语歌。,现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定在进行的动作,Weareworkinginafactorythesedays.,这几天我们在一家工厂工作,他在写另一部小说,Heiswritinganothernovel,nowatthepresentatthemomenttoday，thisweekthesedays,一般疑问句：Be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其它？特殊疑问句：疑问词+be(am,is,are)+主语+现在分词+其它？,Aretheyplayingbasketballnow?,Wherearetheyplayingbasketballnow?,3.现在进行时与alwaysusuallycontinuallyforever等副词连用时带有感情色彩,二，基本用法,Youarealwayschangingyourmind.,你老是改变主意。,Theboyisforeveraskingquestions.,那个男孩老是问问题。,Sheisconstantlyworryingabouthersonshealth.,她不停地为她儿子的健康担心着,一般现在时,构成1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语,1如果主语是名词复数和第一人称I、we，谓语动词不用变化，仍然用动词原型表示,一动词的变化规则,我们通常7:30上学去,Weusuallygotoschoolat7:30,Myparentsgivetenyuantomysistereveryweek.,我父母每星期给我妹妹十元钱。,2如果主语是单数名词第三人称单数和不可数名词，谓语动词要变化,一动词的变化规则,（1）一般情况下，直接加-s（2）以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es（3）以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es,写出下列动词的第三人称单数talk_forget_hope_stop_perform_play_say_buy_worry_fly_study_like_make_take_love_recite_become_come_drive_shine_write_hike_give_see_stop_shop_plan_get_sit_let_cut_run_forget_begin_wash_watch_finish_teach_fish_reach_go_do_,（4）.特殊变化的词be(是)-am,is,arehave(有)-hashave,二基本用法,1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。,3)陈述客观事实、客观真理。顾名思义，客观的情况是没有时间概念的；也不会在意动作进行的状态。例如：Thesunrisesintheeast.日出东方。Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。Tenminustwoiseight.十减二等于八。Lighttravelsfasterthansound.光的速度比声音的速度快。TheUnitedStatesliesbythewestcoastofthePacificOcean.美国位于太平洋西岸。,2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。,常用的时间词语always,usually,often,sometimes，twiceaweek,4)根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如：Illtellhimthenewswhenhecomesback.他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。Ifyoutakethejob,theywilltalkwithyouingreaterdetails.如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈细节。用于一般现在时的副词，除了上面提到的一些表示频率的以外，常见的还有：now,today,nowadays等等。,他是工人,Heisaworker,Heisnotaworker,Isheaworker?,1.be动词：主语+be+其它(肯）主语+be+not+其它（否）Be+主语+其它？,他们放学后踢足球,theyplaybasketballafterschool,theydontplaybasketballafterschool,Dotheyplaybasketballafterschool？,2行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形(+其它)Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它,二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften_(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_(be)inClassOne.3.We_(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5._they_(like)theWorldCup?6.What_theyoften_(do)onSaturdays?7._yourparents_(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI_(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There_(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_(like)cooking.13.Myaunt_(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_(be)ill.Imstayinginbed.16.She_(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.Whatday_(be)ittoday?ItsSaturday.21Weoften_(play)intheplayground.22.He_(get)upatsixoclock.,1has2are,3doesntwatch4doesntgo,5Dolike6dodo,7Doread8teaches,9take10is,11likes13look/islooking,14do15am,16goes17does18watches19have20is21play22gets,19.SuHaiandSuYang_(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.Whatday_(be)ittoday?ItsSaturday.21Weoften_(play)intheplayground.22.He_(get)upatsixoclock.23._you_(brush)yourteetheverymorning?24.What_(do)heusually_(do)afterschool?25.Danny_(study)English,Chinese,math,scienceandartatschool.26.Mikesometimes_(go)totheparkwithhissister.27.Ateightatnight,she_(watch)TVwithherparents.28._Mike_(read)Englisheveryday?29.Howmanylessons_yourclassmate_(have)onMonday?30.Whattime_hismother_(do)thehousework?,1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定)_2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)_3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)_4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答)_5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)_6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)_7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)_8.JohncomesfromCanada.(对划线部分提问)_,DanieldoesntwatchTVeveryevening,Doyoudoyourhomeworkeveryday?Yes.Ido,Doesshelikemilk,DoesAmylikeplayingcomputergamesYes,shedoes,9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)11.Doyouoftenplayfootballafterschool?(肯定回答)_12.Ihavemanybooks.（改为否定句）_13.GaoShanssisterlikesplayingtabletennis.（改为否定句）_14.ShelivesinasmalltownnearNewYork.（改为一般疑问句）_15.IwatchTVeveryday.（改为一般疑问句）_16.Davidhasgotagoal.（改为一般疑问句）_17.Wehavefourlessons.（改为否定句）_,18.Nancydoesntrunfast.（改为肯定句）_19.Mydogrunsfast.否定句：_一般疑问句：_20.Mikehastwolettersforhim.一般疑问句：_否定句：_21.IusuallyplayfootballonFridayafternoon.否定句:_一般疑问句:_划线提问_22.SunYangusuallywashessomeclothesonSaturday.否定句:_一般疑问句:_划线提问:_23.Mingmingusuallywaterstheflowerseveryday.否定句:_一般疑问句:_划线提问_24.Tomdoeshishomeworkathome.否定句:_一般疑问句:_划线提问_,四、改错,1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?_2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?_3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass._4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish._5.ShedontdoherhomeworkonSundays._,一般过去时,基本用法,1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。Wheredidyougojustnow?刚才你上哪儿去了？,2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedfootballinthestreet.我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。,以动词be,work和therebe为例，一般过去时的肯定式、否定式、疑问句和简略答语构成如下：,动词,肯定式,否定式,be,I/He/She/ItwasWe/You/Theywere,work,I(You,He,She,It,We,You,They)worked,Therebe,TherewasTherewere,Therewasnot(wasnt)Therewerenot(werent),be,WasI(he,she,it)？Yes,I(he,she,it)was.No,I(he,she,it)wasnt.,Werewe(you,they)？Yes,we(you,they)were.No,we(you,they)werent.,work,DidI(you,he,she,it,we,they)work?Yes,I(you,he,she,it,we,they)did.No,I(you,he,she,it,we,they)didnt.,Therebe,Wastherea/any？Yes,therewas.No,therewasnt.,Werethereany？Yes,therewere.No,therewerent.,二。动词过去时的构成分规则,1.一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked,2.辅+元+辅，且重读，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，,begdropfitplanregretstopprefertravel,beggeddroppedfittedplannedregrettedstoppedpreferredtravelled,3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed,study-studiedcarry-carriedTry-triedcry-cried,4不规则动词书中,Be动词am、is在一般过去时中变为was。（wasnot=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（werenot=werent）,Hewaselevenyearsoldlastyear,他去年11岁,Washeelevenyearsoldlastyear?,Hewasnotelevenyearsoldlastyear,*句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子*,Jimwenthomeyesterday,Jim昨天回家了,否定句：didnt+动词原形,Jimdidntgohomeyesterday,一般疑问句：在句首加did，动词变回原形,DidJimgohomeyesterday?,请用正确动词形式填空,1.I_(have)anexcitingpartylastweekend.2._she_(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,shedidnt_.3.What_Tom_(do)