单词结构与词形转变ppt课件

.,1,A英语单词的构成,词头（前缀）+词根+词尾（后缀）,.,2,undersdand,mis,ing,前缀,词根,后缀,主体词义,改变词义,决定词性,理解,错误,(名词),误解,.,3,decodedecreasedegrademicrowavemicrophonemicrofilmInternationalinterpersonalinterrelatedreformrefreshregainsupermansupermarketsuperpowertelephonetelevisiontelecommunication,解码减少降级,微波话筒微型胶卷,国际的人际间的相互关联的,改革更新复得,超人超市超级大国,电话电视电信,.,4,否定前缀dis-mis-im-il-ir-un-disagreedisappeardiscovermisfortunemischanceimpossibleimpoliteimpatientillegalilliterateillogicalirregularirreligiouirrespossibleunfairunfitunfaithful,不一致消失发现,厄运；不幸的事,不可能无礼的没有耐心的,非法的文盲的不合理的,不规则的反宗教的不负责任的,不公平的不合适的不忠的,.,5,名词后缀的主动与被动主动：-er-or被动：-eeEx:给出下列单词的汉语词义：employeremployeeexaminerexamineeinvitorinviteetrainertrainee,雇主,雇员,主考人,考生,邀请者,被邀请人,教练员,学员,.,6,1.Heisagoodteacherbutsometimesheis(patient)_withslowlearners.2.Shemanagedtoleadanomallifeinspiteofher(ability)_.3.Shewantedtosavehersisterfrom(happiness)_.4.Itis(legal)_todrivewithoutalicence.,impatient,disability,unhappiness,illegal,.,7,B词类与词法,I.词类英语中的单词可以根据词义,句法作用和形式特征,分为十类：名代数形动副冠介连叹（实词）（虚词）,.,8,.,9,根据词尾辨别词性hard(a./adv.)hardenhardnessuse(v./n.)usefuluselessmotionmovementdiscussion-buyeractorscientist-physicalmovableinstructive-reallystrongly-lovelyweekly-,(v.),(n.),(a.),(a.),n.,n.,a.,adv.,a.,.,10,1.All(fly)_toTokyoweredelayedbecauseofbadweather.2.How(fool)_Iwasnottohavegoneearliertomydoctor.3.Shespoke(emotional)_aboutherexperienceasateacher4.Thehappiestpeopledont(necessary)_tohavethebestofeverything.5.Hewasalate(sleep)_andhatedgettingupbefore10a.m,flights,foolish,emotionally,need,sleeper,.,11,II.词法语法中研究各种词类在句中的形式变化和用法的部分称为词法.如:名词的数和格的形式变化和用法,动词的时态,语态等形式的变化和用法.形容词.副词的比较级.最高级的形式变化和用法等,.,12,1.Deanisa_(use)persontohavearoundwhensomethinsgowrong.2.Wedidntlikethe_(change)weatherinthemountains.3.Thosechildrenlookreally_(health)and_(love)4.(person)_informationabouttheemployeesmustbekeptconfidential.,useful,changable,healthy,lovely,personal,.,13,1.(Child)_shouldnttelltales.2.Usuallythe(early)_youbookaflightticket,thecheaperthepriceis。3.I(sleep)_whenthetelephonerangloudly.4.Itisthethirdtimeyou(be)_latethisweek.5.Jobseekersalsoshouldremembernot(look)_atmorethanthedollarfigure.,Childrenn,earlier,wassleeping,havebeen,tolook,.,14,III.句子成分句子是由作用不同的各部分组成的,这些部分叫做句子成分.即：主谓宾（表）定状补IV.句法语法中研究句中各成分之间的关系.句子的种类和分析句子结构的部分称为句法.,.,15,V.词类和句子成分的关系a.词类相互间的关系形容词通常修饰名词Rememberthetreethatfellonthat(wind)_day?副词常修饰动词.形容词和副词Hissisterplaysthepianoquite_.Thosechilrenlook(real)_healthy,windy,really,well,.,16,名词前常有冠词或代词TheirlastCDisa(mix)_ofnewandoldsongs.Weallthinkthathis(behave)_atthepartyisnotproper.介词后是名词(-ing)Icansaywith(certainly)_thatyouwillnotsucceed。Readingaloudisveryimportantin(learn)_aforeignlanguage.,mixture,behavior,certain,learning,.,17,b.词类和句子成分的关系:主语：名词代词数词非谓语动词谓语：动词宾语：名词代词数词动名词（-ing)Alittle(nervous)_isonlytobeexpectedwhenyouarestartinganewjob.Thefirst(impress)_madeontheinterviewerisimportant(smoke)_isharfultothehealth.Couldyougivememore(inform)_aboutthisprogram?Mylittlesisteralwayslikes_question.,nerve,impression,Smoking,information,toask,.,18,表语：形容词名词非谓语动词等定语：形容词代词等状语：副词非谓语动词等补语：形容词非谓语动词等Paulis(confidence)_thatwecanovercomethedifficulties.Thiscourseisa(practice)_work.Consumersmayfindproduceshigherorlowerthanaverage,(depend)_onwheretheybuygas.Wesawthepupils(play)_basketball.,playing,depending,practical,confident,.,19,.,20,名词的数和格,不可数名词（前面不能加a,an；词尾也不能加-s.)foodbreadricehairsoapfurnitureironsteelequipment(设备）-物质homeworkknowledgeadviceprogresshouseworkinformation(信息）-抽象airsteam/waterblood/windrain-气体-液体-自然现象,.,21,可数名词（通常单变双在词尾加-s或-es)book-bookspotato-potatoesKnifeknivessheep-sheepman-menchild-childrenphotophotosradio-radiosbeliefbelie