to_do_的被动语态.ppt

Unit2RobotsGrammar,动词不定式的被动语态,一、复习各种时态的被动语态,（以thebook,publish为例）一般现在/过去时：Thebook_.一般/过去将来时:Thebook_.Thebook_.现在/过去进行时：Thebook_.现在/过去完成时:Thebook_.情态动词：Thebook_.,is/waspublished,will/wouldbepublished,is/wasgoingtobepublished,is/wasbeingpublished,has/hadbeenpublished,can/could/may/mightbepublished,Anewlibrary_(build)lastyear.Anaccident_(happen)onthisroadlastweek.AtalkonChinesehistory_(give)intheschoolnextweek.Look!Anicepicture_(draw)byhim.Thedoctor_(notsend)toourhospitalyet.TheGreatWall_(know)allovertheworld.Theschoolbagcan_(put)behindthechair.,wasbuilt,happened,willbegiven,isbeingdrawn,hasntbeensent,isknown,beput,1.动词不定式的被动有两种形式：1）一般式（not/never）tobedone2）完成式（not/never）tohavebeendone,二、动词不定式的被动,2.动词不定式的被动在句子中的作用作主语_(offer)sympathybyarobotisridiculous.2)作表语Thepartyis_(hold)nextSaturdayevening.,=Itisridiculoustobeofferedsympathyby.,Tobeoffered,tobeheld,3)作宾语Shedidntlike_(treat)asachild.4)作宾补Tonyexpectedthehouse_(transform)completely.,tobetreated,tobetransformed,5)作定语Whatavictory_(envy)bythosewomen!6)作状语Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly_(tell)thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.,tobeenvied,tobetold,不定式的主动形式表示被动,1在therebe结构中例如：Thereisalotofhomework_（do）Thereisnothing_（worryabout）,todo,toworryabout,2在“主语+be+adj.(评价类)+todo”结构中。,Heishard_（convince）Heisdifficult_（workwith）.,toconvince,toworkwith,这扶手椅坐起来很舒服。这题目很难算出来。,Thearmchairiscomfortabletositin.,Thequestionisdifficulttoworkout.,3.在“tooto;enoughto”结构中主动表被动。tooto也可用被动如：Theproblemistoodifficult_(workout)Thehouseisbigenough_(livein).,toworkouttobeworkedout,tolivein,4在“with+宾语+todo”结构中。例如：Withnothing_(do)，helayinbedWithsomanyexercises_(finish)，Icantgotothecinema,todo,tofinish,5当不定式作后置定语,且它的逻辑主语在句中出现时,不定式主动表被动。例如：Ihavealetter_(type)todayDoyouhaveanything_(say)?,totype,tosay,1)IllgotoNewYork.Doyouhaveanything_(take)toyourwifethere?2)Doyouhaveanyclothes_(wash),sir?”askedthemaid.3)IcannotgooutnowasIhavealotofclothes_(wash).,tobetaken,tobewashed,towash,6.Toblame/tolet/torent等结构用主动表被动。如：Iamnot_(blame)formyfailure.Thehouseis_(let).,toblame,tolet,1.有些不及物动词或短语,如exist,appear,happen,occur,cometrue,takeplace,breakout,runout,等常以主动形式表被动意义。我的钱用完了。我实现了梦想。（cometrue）,Mymoneyhasrunout.,Mydreamhascometrue.,2.感官动词和一些连系动词如feel,look,seem,taste,sound,remain,keep,stay,prove等常以主动形式表示被动意义。,Thewater_(feel)coolwhenIjumpedintothepool.Theice-cream_(taste)delicious.,felt,tastes,3.表示主语特征或属性的词，如write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook等，以主动形式表被动意义。e.g.Thecoat_(wash)easily.Thenewproduct_(sell)well.Thepen_(write)smoothly.,washes,sells,writes,1.Itwilltakeseveralweeksforyourcomputerto_(repair).2.Iknewhim_(catch)bythepolice.3.Avoteisrequired_(take)inourcompanyatonce.4.Thismakesitpossibleforthem_(make)metalsintoanyrequiredshapes.5.Dickspedonthemotorwayonly_(fine).6.Whensomemoneywentmissingfromthebank,Thomaswasbelieved_(steal)it.,berepaired,tohavebeencaught,tobetaken,tomake,tohavestolen,tobefined,练习,7.Ihope_(admit)toZhongshanUniversity.8.Thebookissaidto_(translate)intoseverallanguages.9.Ifeelgreatlyhonored_(welcome)intotheirsociety.10.Comeon!Itisaneasysentence_(translate).11.WhenIcamein,hepretendedto_.(read)12.Allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately_(receive)intimeforChristmas.13.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter_(notdrive)afterdrinking.,totranslate,tobewelcomed,havebeentranslated,tobeadmitted,bereading,tobereceived,nottodrive,14.Hearingthegoodnews,hewastooexcited_(speak).15.Ithappened_(rain)whenIgotthere.16.Iamterriblysorry_(lose)yourkey.17.Iamsorry_(say)thatheisgoingfrombadtoworse.18.Heasked_(send)totheplacewherehewasmostneeded.19.Whathehopedwas_(admit)intotheuniversity20.Hegottothestationonly_(find)alltheticketshadbeensoldout.21.Iamsorry_(keep)youwaitingsolong.,tospeak,toberaining,tohavelost,tosay,tobesent,tobeadmitted,tofind,tohavekept,22.Ontheirreturnthefatheraskedhisson_(explain)whathehadlearnt.23.Myadvisorencouragedme_(take)asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.24.Idontknowwhetheryouhappen_(hear),butImgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.25.Thefluisbelieved_(cause)byvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthecellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.26.Heseems_（punish)byhisteacheryesterday.27._(save)thebadlysicklady,thedoctorhadanoperationonher.28.Hewastoofrightened_(say)anything.,toexplain,totake,tohaveheard,tobecaused,tohavebeenpunished,Tosave,tosay,29.Theschoolorderedalltheclassroom_(clean).30.Mygrandmotherseemstohavealot_(worry)about.31.Iamgoingtothepostoffice.Doyouhaveanyletter_(post)?32.Youareluckyenough_(notcatch)intherain.,nottohavebeencaught,tobeposted,toworry,tobecleaned,二、翻译练习1.据说这会议已经被取消了Themeetingissaidtohavebeencancelled.2.这个学生似乎已经对政治失去了兴趣。Thestudentseemstohavelostinterestinpolitics.3.残疾人不喜欢被别人嘲笑。Thedisableddontliketobelaughedat.4.没有可以可以浪费的时间了。Thereisnotimetowaste/bewa