四种基本时态总结

四种基本时态总结一、 一般现在时 1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为 现在的某种状况 表示普遍真理或客观事实 2.时间状语： Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week(day, year, month), on Sundays, 3.基本结构：动词 原形 （如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式） 4.否定形式：主语+am/is/are +not+其他; 此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont, 如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 6.例句：. It seldom snows here. He is always ready to help others. Action speaks louder than words. 7.动词加s的规则：（用于第三人称单数后） （1）直接在动词后+s 例如：like-likesplay-plays （2）以s,x,sh,ch,接尾的动词：+es 例如：wash-washes（3）以辅音+o接尾的动词：+es例如：go-goes（4）以辅音+y接尾的动词：变y为i+es例如：fly-flies二、 一般过去时 1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本结构：be动词；行为动词 的过去式 4.否定形式：主语+was/were +not+其他;在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 6.例句：She often came to help us in those days. I didnt know you were so busy.7. 动词的过去式构成规则：(规则变化)发音规则：1 一般动词在词尾加上ed 。如：worked , washed played2 以e 结尾的动词在词尾加上d. 如 ：used, lived 3 以辅音字母和y结尾的动词改y为i ,再加上ed . 如：studied , emptied 4 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词（辅元辅结构），双写最后的辅音字母，再加ed 如：stopped 在浊辅音和元音后面读/d/在清辅音后面读/t/ 在/t/和/d/后面读/id/三、 现在进行时 1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。 2.时间状语：Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen 3.基本结构：主语+be +doing +其他 4.否定形式：主语+be +not +doing+其他 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。 6.例句： How are you feeling today? He is doing well in his lessons. 7.动词加ing的规则： 1）一般情况下直接加ingthink-thinkingsleep-sleeping study-studyingspeak-speaking2）以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ingwake-wakingmake-makingcome-comingtake-takingleave-leavinghave-having3）以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing初中学过的这类词有：begin，cut,get,hit,run,set,sit,spit,stop,swim,beg,drop,fit,nod,dig,forget,regret,rid,等。注意：visit不是以重读闭音节结尾，不用双写 travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing，如：travel-travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。4）以y结尾的动词直接加ingcarrycarryingenjoyenjoying5）以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y，再加ing die-dyinglie-lying四、 一般将来时 1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 2.时间状语：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by,the day after tomorrow, etc. 3.基本结构：主语+am/is/are +going to + do+其他；主语+will/shall + do+其他 4.否定形式：主语+am/is/are not going to do ；主语+will/shall not do+其他 5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。 （第一人称I/we用shall） 6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain.四种基本时态练习一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数：drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_二、写出下列动词的现在分词：sit _ run_swim_make_go_ like_ write_ read_have_ sing _ dance_ put_see_ buy _ love_ live_take_come_get_begin _三、写出下列动词的过去式isam_ fly_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ draw_ put _throw_ kick_ pass_ do _四、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. David and Tom _(be) in Class One.3. Mike _(not go) to the zoo on Sundays.4. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?5. Mike _(like) cooking.6. You always _(do) your homework well.7. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.8. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.9.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.10. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .11. What _ you _ ( do ) now?12. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .13.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.14.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.15. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now16._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is 17. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.18. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.19. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike.20. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects?21. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and (catch) insects.22. What _ (do) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm.What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows.23. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.24. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.25. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.26. I _ (plan) for my study now.27. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.58. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.29. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)30. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?31. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning?She _ (find) a