表语从句详细解及练习PPT课件

.,1,什么叫名词性从句？,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(NounClauses）名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,.,2,名词性从句nounclause,主语从句subjectclause,宾语从句objectclause,表语从句predicativeclause,同位语从句appositiveclause,.,3,名词性从句中的连接词连词:that/whether/asif(though);连接代词:what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，连接副词:where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever,.,4,PredicativeClauses表语从句,Eg.（例子）Thepersonstoodinfrontofyoujustnowismyheadmaster.刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长。Ididntknowthatitwasyouatthattime.当时我不知道那是你。Thedoorremainedclosed.门仍然关着。Marysdailyjobiscleaningthehouse.玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子。,名词充当表语,代词充当表语,动词过去分词充当表语,动词-ing形式充当表语,Thehouseisnotonlylargebutalsobeautiful.这所房子不仅大而且漂亮。WhenIwenttoyourhouse,youwereout.当我到你家的时候，你不在家。Noonewasinthedorm,whenshearrived.当她到达的时候，宿舍里没有人。MyjobistoteachyouEnglish.我的工作是教你们英语。Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthathisclockdidntwork.他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了。,介词短语充当表语,副词充当表语,形容词充当表语,不定式充当表语,从句充当表语,.,7,表语,结构：放在系动词之后作用：说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的成分：表语常由名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、数词及从句来充当。1.ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.2.Thedinnersmellsgood.3.Hefellinlove.4.MyjobistoteachyouEnglish.5.Thequestioniswhowilldoit.,表语从句,表语从句的定义,Thequestioniswhowilldoit.,Thequestionisdifficult.,（表）,表语从句,（表）,.,9,表语从句的定义：表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语。表语从句和主语指同一内容，它对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。结构是“主语+系动词+引导词+简单句（表语从句）”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。,Definition（定义）,.,10,可以接表语从句的系动词有：1:be动词2:感官动词：feel,seem,look,appear,sound,taste,smell3:表示状态：remain,keep,stay4:表示变化：become,get,grow,turn,go,fall5:证明：prove,turnout系动词的固定搭配:cometrue,fallasleep,fallill,gobad,.,11,连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what连接副词：when/where/why/how/because,引导词,观察思考：,指出句子成分,HenrywasanAmericanbusinessman.,HenrymetanAmericanbusinessman.,主语,表语,主语,谓语,宾语,（及物动词）,连系动词,2.表语从句的构成,主语+系动词+引导词+简单句,Thisiswhyhedidit.,表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。,WhatIwanttosayisthatIamtired,Predictiveclause表语从句1.that1)that在从句中不担任句子成分，无实际意义，一般不能省略2)在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea,suggestion,request,proposal等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”（虚拟语气），should可省略Myopinionisthatitsgettingbetterandbetter.Mysuggesstionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.,引导词的用法（一）,.,15,名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句,主语名词常常是表示事实，真理的名词，如：fact,truth表示看法，观点、问题、麻烦的名词，如：idea,opinion,belief,view,news,advice,feeling,suggestion,plan,trouble,question,problem,1.Thefactisthatourteamhaswonthegame.2.Thetruthisthatshewastheverypersonwearelookingfor.,.,16,what在表语从句中充当_表示_.1.Thequestioniswhatcausedtheaccident.2.Thatmountainisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.3.Whathetoldyouwaswhathadbeendiscussedatthemeeting.,主语、宾语或表语,什么，什么样子，或所的（人或事）,引导词的用法（二）,.,17,who在表语从句中充当_表示_.Theproblemiswhocoulddothework2.Mytroubleiswho(whom)Icanturnto.,主语、宾语或表语,谁,引导词的用法（三）,.,18,which在引导表语从句时,常充当_表示。如：Ireadaboutitinsomebookoranother,butwhatIdontknowiswhich(book)itis.,定语,表语,其中哪一个,引导词的用法（四）,whether在表语从句中表,但不充当句子的成分。if引导表语从句.如:1.Whatthedoctorreallydoubtsiswhethermymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.2.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.,“是否”,不能,引导词的用法（五）,whether,现在唯一要弄清楚的是他是否拐卖妇女儿童。他提出的第一个问题是：儿子无出息，父母也不光彩，是否如此？,Allthatistobemadecleariswhetherheabductedandsoldwomenandchildren.,Thefirstthingheputforwardswaswhetheraworthlesssonwasadisgracetohisparents.,asif,asthough引导的表语从句asif/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look,seem,sound,be,become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g.Itsoundsasif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatthedoor.,主语+连系动词（look/seem/appear）+that/asif从句,引导词的用法（六）,*asif/asthough引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气，如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气(主句一般现在时，从句就用一般过去时，be的话变成were。主句是一般过去时，从句用过去完成时)。Itlooksasifhewereherownfather.(与事实不符)Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitsgoingtorain.,As/asif、asthough,形势并不像外表所看到的那样。她看上去很担忧他父母的病情。他好像疯了似的。,Thesituationisnotasitseemstobe.,Shelooksasifsheisworriedaboutherfathersdisease.,Itwasasthoughheweremad.,because,because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/Itisbecause”结构中。Myangerisbecauseyouhaventwrittentomeforalongtime.你为什么不来出席座谈会？是病了么？,Whywereyouabsentfromtheforum?Wasitbecauseyouwereill?,引导词的用法（七）,that,why与because引导表语从句时的区别,虽然三者均可引导表语从句，但that没有词义，而why和because有自己的意思；另外，虽然why和because都可引导表语从句，但前者强调结果，后者强调原因。如：Thereasonwasthatyoudonttrusther.原因是你不信任她。Thefactisthattheyareangrywitheachother.事实是他们生彼此的气。Hewasill.Thatswhyhewassenttothehospital.他病了，所以被送到医院来。Hewassenttothehospital.Thatsbecausehewasill.他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。,填空:Thereasonwhywedidnttrusthimis_hehasoftenlied,reason做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导,不能用why引导。句型结构为：Thereason(why/for)is/wasthat.Thereasonisthat,that,Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning（当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because）,他早上来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没赶上火车。,注意：,主语为reason时，表语从句连接词用that,但以it,this,that开头做主语的句子，则可用because。Thereasonforhisbeinglatewasthathemissedtheearlybus.Shewaslatethismorning.Thatwasbecauseshemissedtheearlybus.*Thereason_hewaslatewasthathemissedtheearlybus.,why,例题2：Thereasonwhyhefailedis_hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof,B,注意点2：主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.,连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词where,when,how,why。,Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。,Thequestionishowhedidit.问题是他是如何做此事的。,Thatwaswhatshedidthismorningonreachingtheattic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。,Thatiswherehewasborn.,那就是他出生的地方。,where,when,why,how引导的表语从句连接副词where,when,why,how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。e.g.ThatswhereIcantagreewithyou.ThisiswhySarawaslateforthemeeting.Thisishowtheyovercomethedifficulties.MystrongestmemoryiswhenIattendedanAmericanwedding.,问题在于如何使古为今用，如何使洋为中用。那时我在管伙食。根本问题就在这里。他不应该被贪污论罪，道理就在这里。,ThequestionishowthepastismadetoservethepresentandforeignthingsaremadetoserveChina.,ThatwaswhenIwasinchargeofmess.,Thisiswherethebasiclies.,Itwaswhyheshouldnotbefoundofcorruption.,1、名词主语bewh-疑问词引导的从句Thetroubleiswherewecangetthethingsweneed.2、wh-引导的主语从句bethat从句Whatsurprisedmemostwasthatallthepupilswereunusuallyquiet.3、This/Thatbewh-疑问词引导的从句ThisishowyoumaketheItalianpizza.,表语从句的常用句型：,.,33,表语从句引导词注意事项,1.that引导表语从句时不能省.2.if不能引导表语从句.3.除that外的所有引导词都有自己的意义。4.除that,whether外的所有引导词都须在从句中充当相应的成分,5.表语从句中，从句用陈述句语序,1.-Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterdaysgame?-Oh,thats_.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited,A,解析：这是由what引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。,2.-IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.-Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where,解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因.这句话的意思是这就是你离开的原因吗?。故答案为A。,A,3.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_hewants.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that,解析:这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语,Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants是一句谚语,意思是永远给予他人他确实想要的东西。故答案为A。,A,小结：,1.表语从句的构成:,引导词+简单句,2.引导词:,连词that,whether,as,asif,连接代词who,what,which,连接副词when,where,how,why,3.3个注意点:,if不引导表语从句,主语为reason时，引导词用that,语序,1.Thequestionis_wewillhaveo