美联储英文PPT课件

.,1,FederalReserveSystem,美联储,.,2,Theestablishment（建立）ofFed,01,TheStructureofFed,02,TheFunctionofFed,03,CONTENTS,.,3,TheestablishmentofFed,In1913,CongresspassedtheFederalReserveAct.ItwassignedbyPresidentWooddrowWilsonon23Decemberofthesameyear.Itspurpose,asstatedintheactitselfwastoprovidefortheestablishmentofFederalreservebankstofurnishanelastic(灵活的)currency,toaffordmeansofrediscountingcommercialpaper,toestablishamoreeffectivesupervision(监督)ofbankingintheUnitedstates,andforotherpurpose.,.,4,TheStructureofFed,TheBoardofGovernorsoftheFederalReserveSystem(联邦储备委员会）TheFederalOpenMarketCommittee(联邦公开市场委员会)FederalReserveBanks(联邦储备银行)BoardofDirectors(董事会),.,5,TheBoardofGovernorsoftheFederalReserveSystem,TheSystemconsistsofasevenmemberBoardofGovernorswithheadquarters（总部）inWashington,D.C.,andtwelveReserveBankslocatedinmajorcitiesthroughouttheUnitedStates.ThesevenmembersareappointedbythePresidentandconfirmedbytheSenate（参议院）toserve14-yeartermsofoffice.TheBoardusuallymeetsseveraltimesaweek.MeetingsarecondutedincompliancewiththeGovernmentintheSunshineAct,andmanymeetingsareopentopublic.,.,6,TheFederalOpenMaarketCommittee,TheFederalOpenMaarketCommitteeisthemostimportantmonetary（货币）policymakingbodyoftheFederalReserveSystem.Itisresponsibleforformulation（规划）ofapolicydesignedtopromoteeconomicgrowth,fullemployment,stableprices,andasustainable（足可支撑的）patternofinternationaltradeandpayments.TheCommitteemakeskeydecisionsregardingtheconductofopenmarketoperationspurchasesandsalesofU.S.governmentandfederalagencysecurities-whichaffecttheprovisionofreservestodepository（存托）institutions（机构）and,inturn,thecostandanailabilityofmoneyandcreditintheU.S.,.,7,FederalReserveBanks,FederalReserveBankswereedstablishedbyCongressastheoperatingarmsofthenationscentralbankingsystem.Manyoftheservicesprovidedbythisnetworktodepositoryinstitutionsandthegovernmentaresimilartoservicesprovidedbybanksandthriftinstitutionstobusinesscustomersandindividuals.ReserveBanksholdthecashreservesofdepositoryinstitutionsandmakeloanstothem.Theymovecurrencyandcoinintoandoutofcirculation,andcollectandprocessmillionsofcheckseachday.,.,8,ThemapshowslocationsoftheReserveBanksandtheirBranches,.,9,BoardofDirectors,.,10,BoardofDirectors,ReserveBankboardsdirectorsaredividedintothreeclassesofthreepersonseach.ClassAdirectorsrepersentthemembercommercialbanksintheDistrict,andmostarebankers.ClassBandClassCdirectorsareselectedtorepersentthepublic,withdueconsideration,commerce,totheinterestsofagriculture,industry,services,lab