高考英语备考复习--语法填空题

专题三：语法填空,高考英语备考复习,TeachingObjects,Toanalyze:CommonmistakesPossiblereasonsPossiblesolutions,语法填空题的语篇材料多为故事类题材（广东卷近五年全为故事类题材），文字浅易，篇幅不长（200词左右)，材料中没有生僻和超纲的词汇，句子结构也不很复杂。语法填空题的内容不仅涉及语法结构，还包括构词法、篇章连贯和意义对句子结构的制约作用。,试题特点,试题解读,Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout61_(be)lateforschool.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,62_someofthemlookedveryanxiousand63_(disappoint).whenthebusfinallycame,weallhurriedonboard.Igotaplacenext64_thewindow,soIhadagoodviewofthesidewalk.Aboyonabike65_(catch)myattention.Hewasridingbesidethebusandwavinghisarms.Iheardapassengerbehindmeshoutingtothedriver,butherefused66_(stop)untilwereachedthenextstop.Still,theboykept67_(ride).Hewascarryingsomethingoverhisshoulderandshouting.Finally,whenwecametothenextstop,theboyranupthedoorofthebus.Iheardanexcitedconversation.Thenthedriverstoodupandasked,“68_anyoneloseasuitcaseatthelaststop”Awomanonthebusshouted,“Oh,dear!Its69_(I)”.Shepushedherwaytothedriverandtookthesuitcasethankfully,Fiveothersonthebusbegantalkingaboutwhattheboyhaddoneandthecrowdofstrangers70_(sudden)becamefriendlytooneanother.,being,and,disappointed,to,caught,tostop,riding,Did,me/mine,suddenly,题型再认识,2015英语考试大纲说明样题,句子结构-词类转换,句子结构-词类转换,意义制约：分句逻辑意义关系,句子结构-词类转换,语境意义-词类转换,意义制约：语境意义,句子结构-谓语动词,句子结构-非谓语动词,句子结构-非谓语动词,句子结构-意义制约,试题要求：阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。,语法填空,目的:篇章意义的理解,尤其是在上下文意义关系中应用语法知识的能力。呈现方式:200字以内的连贯篇章(故事为主)，填入一个虚词或用所给实词的适当形式填空。好处:克服了为考语法而考语法的弱点,将语法知识的考察和篇章阅读能力的考察成功地结合起来。,考查学生是否能理清句子结构的语法性和句子意义的逻辑性。需分析:句子的构成成分（包括句子的基本成分和扩展成分）；句子成分之间的一致性，比如，主谓一致、时态一致等；句子的篇章制约;句子的意义制约。,语境+语法,WhatstheusualwayyoufulfillthetaskGrammarFilling?,三步完成:概读理解分析填空连贯检查,语法,词法,句法,章法,惯用法,思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢?,语法填空以根据上下文填入恰当的动词（v.）（或其适当形式）、名词（n.）、代词(pron.)、冠词(art.)、介词(prep.)、情态动词、连词(conj.)和引导词、形容词(adj.)和副词(adv.)。考查各项语法内容。,DiscusswithyourpartersabouteachgroupoftheblanksfromAtoFonyourownpaperandtrytofingeroutsomesimilarilitiesofthewordsweshouldfillin.,Groupwork,冠词物主代词,无提示词可数名词单数之前,1.Butshequicklyrealizedthatitwasnther,itwasprobablythefactthatshesatin_lastrow.(2012.广东)2.WhenIseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas35_shy,nervousperfectionist.(11深圳二模),the,a,his,考查语法点:冠词,物主代词的用法,1.Thelittleboypulled33_righthandoutofthepocket(10深圳一模),GroupA,连词或从句引导词,无提示词两个主谓结构连接，用连词。,2.Itwasnotlong39_thewaitresscamebackandthenshebegantowipedownthetableandsuddenlywassurprisedatwhatshesaw.(10深圳一模)4.Youwillnevergainsuccess_youarefullydevotedtoyourwork(2014.湖南),before,unless,考查语法点:复合句中连接词、引导词的用法,GroupB,介词,无提示词与名词相连构成介宾短语做状语,补语等与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语,3.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis39_greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish5.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback34_thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.(11深圳一模),of,at,考查语法点:介词的基本用法及搭配,GroupC,谓语动词,有提示词与主语构成主谓结构,1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI39_(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.(10广州一模)6.Hisfearoffailure36_(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.(11深圳二模),wastold,kept,考查语法点:谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致,GroupD,非谓语动词,有提示词除谓语动词以外的动词形式,2.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson32_(receive)thegift.(07广州)3.IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft36_(complete)therest!(07广二模)6.Mypupils,Donnie40_(include),adoredher.(11深圳二模),receiving,tocomplete,included,考查语法点:非谓语动词及变形的使用,GroupE,词性转换,有提示词介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子,1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid36_(rude).(07深圳一模)2.Oneofthe33_(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher(07广州一模)5.AsfarasIamconcerned,my37_(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach.,rudely,worst,suggestion,考查语法点:各类词性的正确使用及转化,GroupF,实词,虚词,一根据句子结构，确定词性,动词名词形容词副词(代词),冠词介词连词(代词),词性,有提示词,无提示词,主+谓,N./Pron.,Vt.,宾,N./Pron.,Vi.,宾,+prep.,art.,art.,Adv.,Adj.,Adj.,_,Adv.,主+谓,_主+谓.,conj./引导词,主+谓,_.,非谓语动词引导词从句,基本结构扩展成份从句,从前页可见：句子结构和层次,基本成分：主、谓、宾、表等。,理清分句关系；分清主次,去掉修饰成分，使句子结构一目了然。,宾补、状语、定语等；动词词组特定意义的固定搭配固定介词短语,二根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形,冠词,定冠词,不定冠词,物主代词的用法,并列句及复合句,非谓语,非谓语动词todo,doing,done及变形,谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致,连词,介词,介词的常用用法及词组搭配,词性变化,词汇,构词法,谓语动词,2014年广东高考英语试题：语法填空Lastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavacation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaid16_wasawonderfulholidaydestination.Beforewewent,wehadplannedformonths.Whenthedaycame,wewereready.Afterourplanelanded,wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths17_（early）,butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.We18_（tell）thatourroomshadntbeenreservedforthatweek,19_fortheweekafter.Ididntunderstand20_thiswouldhappen,it,earlier,weretold,why,but,andmycreditcardhadalreadybeencharged21_thereservation.Whatsworse,thehotelhadbeenfullybooked.Whenwewerewonderingwhattodo,themanagercameout.Shewas22_(surprise）helpful.SheapologizedforthemistakeandgaveusaspareVIProomon23_topfloor.Wehadneverstayedinsuchanamazingroom,andwewerentchargedextra.Thenextday,mybrotherandIwenttothebeach24_wewatchedsomepeopleplayvolleyball.Wegotalittle25_(sunburn),butthedayhadbeensorelaxingthatwedidntmind.,for,surprisingly,the,where,sunburned/sunburnt,Areyoufacingasituationthatlooksimpossibletofix?In1969,thepollutionwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRiverCleveland,Ohio.It61_（be）unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.Theriverwassopollutedthatit62_(actual)caughtfireandburned.Now,earslater,thisriverisoneof63_mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.Buttheriverwasntchangedinafewdays64_evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork65_(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris66_(clean)thanever.,2014新课标全国卷：语法填空,was,actually,the,or,toreduce,clea