新版新目标七年级下册单元最全知识点讲解

七年级下册英语知识点Unit 9 What does he look like?短语归纳1. short hair 短发 2. long hair 长发3. curly hair 卷发 4. straight hair 直发5. (be) of medium height 中等个子 6. (be) of medium build 中等身材7. go to the movies 去看电影 8. a little 有点儿9. look like 看起来像 10. a big nose 大鼻子11. a small mouth 小嘴巴 12. a round face 圆脸13. black hair 黑发 14. big eyes 大眼睛15. a long face 长脸 16. the same way 同样的方式17. in the end 最后 18. blonde hair 金黄色的头发用法集萃一、一般现在时的用法: l. 表示经常或者反复发生的动作. 如: I have lunch every day. 表示现在存在的一种状态. 如：我My sister is a teacher.一般现在时态常与often,sometimes,always,usually等副词连用，也经常与every day, every week, every month, every term, every year, once a week，twice a year连用。 一般现在时态分为be 动词的一般现在时和实义动词的一般现在时。1） be动词包括am，is，are. 中文为是， 这三个词的用法要随着主语的变化而变化。 am 用于第一人称单数（I）; is 用于第三人称单数（he，she，it）; are 用于第一人称复数（we），第二人称单数和复数(you), 第三人称复数（ they）。 可以记住以下顺口溜： am管 我， is管，她，它，他， are管大家。2） 一般疑问句和否定句变法：a）如果句子的动词是be 动词 am is are变为疑问句时,把be 动词am，is，are 放在句首,回答时也要使用be动词；变为否定句时,把表示否定的not 放在 am is are 的后面, 其中可以简写为：is not- isnt ；are not- arent； am not 没有简写形式。b）如果句子的动词是实义动词, 疑问句和否定句要借助于助动词do或者 does。 这里的 do，does 本身没有什么意义，只是帮助构成疑问句和否定句. do和 does的使用要随着人称的变化而变化：1）当主语是第三人称单数时，肯定句为：主语+动词的s形式+宾语否定句为：主语+助动词doesnt+动词原形+宾语疑问句为：Does+主语+动词原形+宾语注：第三人称单数用了 does 后面用动词原形.2)当主语不是第三人称单数时，肯定句为：主语+动词原形+宾语;否定句为：主语+助动词dont+动词原形+宾语;疑问句为：Do+主语+动词原形+宾语肯定回答和否定回答也要使用助动词do.二、 一般现在时，第三人称单数作主语时，动词的变化规则。1） 一般在动词后加-s词尾。如，come-comes live-lives2） 在以ch, sh ,s, x, 或o结尾的词后要加-es, 如，teach-teaches catch-catches wish-wishes wash-washes do-does3） 以“辅音+y”结尾的词，先变y为I 再加es,如，try-tries study-studies reply-replies fly-flies三、look的用法1) look like看起来象，其中like 是介词。如，He looks like his father.2) look at看。如，Look at the blackboard.3) look the same看起来很像。如，Lucy and Lily look the same.4) look for寻找.如，They are looking for the lost child.5) look over（医生）检查The doctor is looking over the old woman.6) look up抬头看；（在词典或参考书中）查找 Hes looking up at the picture.四. 词语辨析1 stop doing sth停止做某事； stop to do停下来去做某事2 remember to do sth 记着要去做某事；remember doing sth.记着（已经）做过某事;3 复合形容词构词法1) 形容词+动词-ing,如，Our teacher is easy-going.2) 名词+过去分词，如，This is a man-made satellite.3) 数词+名词（单数），如，a ten-year-old boy4) 数词+名词（+ed）如，a three-legged table一张三条腿的桌子。5) 形容词+名词 如，This is a full-time job.6) 形容词+名词（+ed）如，Hes a warm-hearted person. 4. wear意为“穿着，戴着”，表示穿，戴的状态。put on意思为“穿上，戴上”，表示穿，戴的动作。5a little和 a bit都可以用来修饰不可数名词，作定语。a bit在修饰名词时必须在后面加上介词of，如，a bit of water一点水，而用a little则说成a little waterUnit 10 Id like some noodles.短语归纳91.wouldlikesth想要某物2.wouldliketodosth.想要做某事3.orderfood订食物4.Special1特色菜15.inthebeefnoodles在牛肉面里6.besure确定7.whatkindofnoodles什么面条8.alargebowlofnoodles一大碗面条9.amediumbowlofnoodles一中碗10.asmallbowlofnoodles一小碗11.takeonesorder点菜12.whatsize什么尺寸13.beefnoodleswithcarrots14.greentea绿茶15.bedifferentfrom与不同16.indifferentcountries在不同国家17.birthdaycake生日蛋糕18.makeawish许愿19.blowoutthecandles吹灭蜡烛20.cometrue实现21.getpopular受欢迎22.cutup切碎23.asymboloflonglife长寿的象征24.bringgoodlucktosb.带给.幸运25.havedifferentkindsof有不同种类26.orangejuice橙汁27.aroundtheworld全世界28.puton穿上用法集萃1. would like“想要”，相当于want, 用法亦同want，但比want委婉。1）want/would like sth. 想要某物 2）want/would like to do sth. 想要做某事 3）What would sb. like? 某人想要什么？ 4）What would sb. like to do? 某人想要做什么？ 5）would you like sth. 你想要某物吗？（委婉地询问对方的要求时的用语） 肯定回答：Yes, please. 否定回答：No, thanks.2. noodle “面条”，可数名词，复数noodles。3.What kind of.would you like?你想要那种？ 1) What kind of .? 你想要那种？ 2) kind 种类 a kind of一种many kinds of多种 all kinds of各种各样的仁慈的，和蔼的，好意的，友爱的 kind of + adj/adv 稍微/有几分(相当于a little) 4. special 1) n. 特色/价商品，可数名词。 2）adj. 特殊的，特别的，专门的 Today is a special day. 今天是特别的日子。5. What size.“多大” What size bowl of noodles would he like? 他想要多大碗的面条？Hed like a small/medium/large bowl of noodles.他想要一个小/中/大碗面条。 What size shoes do you wear? 你穿多大号的鞋？I wear size 40. 我穿42码的鞋。6. fish 鱼；鱼肉 1）指多少条“鱼”，为可数名词。复数：fish或fishes，通常用复数fish. 2) 指多少种“鱼”， 为可数名词。复数： fishes 3）指“鱼肉”，为不可数名词。 Therere hundreds of fish in the pool. 在这水池里有几百条鱼。 Therere all kinds of fishes in the lake. 这个湖里有各种各样的鱼。 Help yourself to some fish. 请随便吃些鱼。7. 英语中表示食物的一些词的特殊用法 1）beef, fish, chicken, pork, meat, mutton等表示肉类的食物，是不可数名词。 2）vegetable蔬菜，可数名词3）fruit, salad, ice cream, food等指总称时是不可数名词，指种类时是可数。 4）cabbage, onion, fish, chicken指食物时是不可数名词，指植物和活着的“鱼”“鸡”时是可数名词。话题写作My Favorite FoodIm a middle school student. I like to eat healthy food. I have milk, eggs and bread for breakfast. For lunch I would like rice, fish and vegetables. I like chicken, juice, rice and hamburgers for supper. Of all the food, my favorite food is chicken and apple juice.Unit 11 How was your school trip?短语归纳1. go for a walk 去散步 2. milk a cow 挤牛奶3. ride a horse 骑马 4. feed chickens 喂小鸡5. talk with 与谈话 6. take photos 拍照7. quite a lot 相当多 8. show around 带领参观9. learn about 了解 10. from to 从到11. grow strawberries 种植草莓 12. pick strawberries 采草莓13. in the countryside 在乡下 14. go fishing 去钓鱼15. at night 在夜晚 16. a lot of 许多；大量17. come out 出来 18. go on a school trip 去学校郊游19. along the way 沿线 20. after that 之后21. buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物 22. all in all 总的来说23. take a / the train 乘火车 24. be interested in 对感兴趣25. not at all 根本不用法集萃1、What else did you do? else adv. “另外，其他”，疑问副词(what;who;where;when)之后； adj. “其他的，别的”，疑问副词或不定代词(something;anything;nothing)后。 eg：Would you like anything else? Where else shall we go?2、Class 9 have a great time on the school trip.(1) have a great = have a good /wonderful time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴(2) ontrip 在旅行期间，on表示“进行，从事于”。【拓展】on的用法： 在上（接触表面） The book is on the desk. 以的方式 He often goes to work on his bike. 在时间（指具体的某天或某天的早上中晚） 关于（专著性的） This book is on/about science.3、Then they watched a dolphin show. (1) n.表演；演出；展览 a picture/fashion show(2) v. 给看；领；带 show sb sth = show sth to sb4、At the end of the day, the science teacher was very happy because the class monitor cleaned the bus after the trip.at the end of 在的结尾 in the end = at last = finally 最后5、sleep. v. 睡觉，过去式为slept。 eg：He slept 8 hours. n. 睡眠 eg：fall into a deep sleep【拓展】 sleeping adj. 睡着的；熟睡的 eg：There ia a sleeping baby in the bed. sleepy adj. 困倦的 eg：I feel sleepy after a long walk.6、Did you have fun camping? have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很开心eg：They had fun singing and dancing in the party last night.7、Uncle Martin put some of his old things out in the yard and had a yard sale. put sth out 把某物拿出来eg：Its dangerous to put out your hand now. some of / one of 的一些/中的一个eg：Some of my friends like singing. have a yard sale 进行了一场旧货出售eg：on sale 大减价 for sale 代售8、However, no one came to the sale because the weather was so bad. however转折连词，通常都是单独一个词，后面加逗号隔开。eg：He wants to come. However, he is ill. no one 意为“没有人”，做主语时，看做是第三人称单数。 eg：No one wants to solve this problem.话题写作I had a busy weekend. On Saturday morning, I did my homework, and then I played computer games. In the afternoon, I visited my grandmother. We talked for a long time.On Sunday morning, I cleaned my room and did some reading. Then I cooked for m parents. In the afternoon, I watched a football match on TV and listened to music. I had a good time.Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?短语归纳1. do my homework 做我的家庭作业2. go to cinema 去看电影3. go boating/camping 去划船/去野营4. play badminton 打羽毛球5. on Saturday morning 在星期六早上 6. work as 以身份而工作7. have a good weekend 周末过得愉快 8. kind of 有点儿9. stay up late 熬夜 10. run away 跑开11. shout at 对大声叫嚷 12. fly a kite 放风筝13. high school 中学 14. put up 搭起，举起15. in the countryside 在乡下 16. get a surprise 吃惊17. make a fire 生火 18. each other 互相 19. so that 如此以至于20. go to sleep 入睡21. the next morning 第二天早上22. look out of向外看23. shout to 冲呼喊 24. up and down 上上下下25. wakeup 把弄醒 26. a swimming pool 一个游泳池27. lastweekend上周末28. learnasecondlanguage用法集萃1.一般过去时态1)用法: 过去某个时间发生的动作例：His mother made a cake yesterday. 过去某个时间存在的状态 例：Jim was 12 years old. 过去经常或反复发生的动作 例：He often went to swim when he was a child. 2）.与一般过去时连用的时间状语常见的有：Yesterday, last night, in 1990, once, two days ago, the day before yesterday , the other day 几天前3）.一般过去时的四个基本句型 谓语动词是be谓语动词是do肯定句He was in the room yesterday.They watched TV yesterday.否定句He was not in the room yesterday.They didnt watch TV yesterday.一般疑问句Was he in the room yesterday?Did they watch TV yesterday?Yes, he was. No, he wasnt.Yes, they did. No, they didnt.特殊疑问句Where was he yesterday?What did they do yesterday?4）.动词的过去式和过去分词 的规则变化 一般在动词词尾加ed 例: want wanted以e结尾的动词，只加d 例: live lived以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为i，再加ed例: study studied以重读闭音节结尾，双写再加ed例: stop stopped5）不规则动词过去式：am/is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, fly-flew, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank ride-rode, speak-spoke, sit-sat sweep-swept swim-swam, 2. 你上个周末做了什么？- What did you do last weekend? (did引导，动词还原)-在星期天上午，我打了网球。- I played tennis on Sunday morning.在上午/下午/晚上：in the morning/afternoon/evening在星期天上午/下午/晚上：on Sunday morning/afternoon/evening在上个星期天上午： / last Sunday morning (前不用冠词)在上学的白天/晚上：on school days/nights3. - How was Tinas weekend? Tina的周末怎么样？-它很棒：It was great. 它还不错：It was not bad. 它很糟糕：It was terrible.4. 句型：该是做某事的时候了：Its time to do sth 该是回家的时候了：Its time to go home.5. He spent half an hour _ (play) computer games last night.句型：某人花费时间在某事上：人+spend+时间+on sth句型：某人花费时间做某事：人+spend+时间+ (in) doing sth6. 句型：做某事怎么样？ What/How about doing sth?某人/某东西怎么样？ What about sb/sth? 如：你怎么样？What about you?7. 去爬山：go to the mountains climb the mountains 去购物：go shopping去看电影：go to the movies see a movie = watch a movie去散步：go for a walk take a walk 去图书馆：go to the library 9. 待在家里：stay at home10. 为考试而学习：study for the test = study for exams11. 举行派对：have a party 举行晚会：have an evening party12. 阅读：do some reading13. 去海滩：go to the beach (beach变复数+es)14. 练习英语：practice English句型：练习做某事：practice doing sth15. 过了一个繁忙的某末：have a busy weekend