高考英语虚拟语气

虚拟语气,2005年11月25日,一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气三、主语从句中的虚拟语气四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气五、状语从句中的虚拟语气六、几种特殊的虚拟语气,虚拟语气的主要内容,考题点击：Iamnotfreetoday.IfI_freetoday,I_andvisitsomeofmyfriends.A.amwillgoB.were,wouldgoC.shallbeD.be,mustgo2.Ifmylawyer_herelastSaturday,he_mefromgoing.A.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldpreventC.were,wouldpreventD.were,wouldhaveprevented3.IfIweretoseeTom,what_you_metotellhim?A.are,goingtoaskB.do,askC.would,askD.did,ask,B,A,C,时态,从句,主句,表示现在,过去时(be-were),should+动词原形would+动词原形could+动词原形might+动词原形,1.和现在的事实相反,一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气,时态,从句,主句,表示过去,had+过去分词,should+have+过去分词would+have+过去分词could+have+过去分词might+have+过去分词,2.和过去的事实相反,时态,从句,主句,表示将来,should+动词原形would+动词原形could+动词原形might+动词原形,3.和将来的事实相反,1)wereto+动词原形2)should+动词原形3)动词过去式,考题点击：,1.Iwenttobedearlylastnight,butIwishIso.A.didntdoB.hadntdoneC.haventdoneD.couldntdo2.HowIwisheveryfamily_alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhadD.hadhad3.Theteacherorderedthatstudents_.A.mustntsmokeB.notsmokeC.smokedD.hadsmoked4.Theteacherdemandedthatthework_before4oclock.A.finishedB.finishC.shouldfinishD.befinished,B,B,B,D,二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气,1.wish后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。例如:1)与现在事实相反:wish+(that)+did(were)IwishIwereashealthyasyou.IwishthatIhadaplane.2)与过去事实相反:wish+(that)+haddoneIwishIhadbeentotheconcertlastnight.Iwishyouhadwrittentohim.3)与将来事实相反:wish+would/could/might+doIwishhewouldforgiveme.,2.在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。“should”可以省略。常见的动词有:一个坚持insist;两个命令order,command;三条建议suggest,advise,propose;四项要求demand,request,require,ask;另外有:prefer注意:suggest表暗示表明时insist表坚持认为时不用虚拟语气,Heorderedthatthestudents(should)washtheclotheseveryweekbythemselves.Thedoctorsuggestedthatshe(should)haveanoperationatonce.,考题点击：Isitnecessarythathe_theexamination?A.takesB.hastotakeC.musttakeD.take2.Itisstrangethathe_youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold3.Itwasorderedthatnosmoking_inthelibrary.A.shouldallowB.beallowedC.willbeallowedD.isallowed,D,B,B,三、主语从句中的虚拟语气,基本句型：1.Itbe+过去分词+that+(should)+动词原形+,过去分词：suggested,requested,ordered,proposed,Itisrequiredthatnobody(should)smokehere.Itssuggestedthateverybody(should)buyadictionary.,2.Itbe+形容词+that+(should)+动词原形+形容词:important,necessary,natural,right,wrong,better,proper,funny,strange,surprising,Itisnecessarythatwe(should)haveawalknow.Itsimportantthatwe(should)takegoodcareofthepatient.,3.Itbe+名词（apity/ashame/nowonder）that+(should)+动词原形+,考题点击：Hissuggestionthatyou_oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry2.Hegaveanadvicethatthey_eachother.A.helpedB.musthelpC.helpD.hadhelped3.Mysuggestionisthatafewmorepeople_theretohelpme.A.besentB.havesentC.sentD.shouldsent,A,C,A,四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气,在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice,decision等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。,Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)leaveatonce.,1)表语从句:,2)同位语从句:,Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.,考题点击：1.Wefeltasifwe_eachotherforyears.A.knewB.wereknowingC.hadknownD.haveknowing2.Hetookawaytheoxygentankforfearthatit_.A.mayexploreB.explodedC.explodeD.hadexplode,C,C,五、状语从句中的虚拟语气,1、用在由asif,asthough引导的状语从句中，表示和现在事实相反或对现在的怀疑，用过去时；表示过去想象中的动作或情况，用过去完成时;表示将来用would+动词原形。Itseemsasifthemanwerehisbrother.Thisdeviceoperatedasthoughithadbeenrepaired.2.用在lest,forfearthat和incase引导的状语从句中，这时谓语动词用should+动词原形或动词原形。Sheclosedthewindowslestshecatchcold.,六、几种特殊的虚拟语气,虚拟倒装句1.Wereit(=Ifitwere)notfortheirhelp,wecouldnthavegotoverthedifficulties.2.HadI(=IfIhad)knownaboutit,Iwouldhavetoldyou.3.Shouldanyone(=Ifanyoneshould)call,pleasetakeamessage.Whatwouldhavehappened,_asfarastheriverbank?(01上海)BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther,C,考题点击：,2)错综条件句Ifyou_himyesterday,you_whattodonow.askedwouldknowB.hadaskedwouldhaveknownC.askedhimknowD.hadaskedwouldknow,D,Ifyouhadntboughttheticketlastweek,howwouldyougonow?,考题点击：,3)介词短语表条件Butforyourhelp,wecouldnthavesucceeded.Nothingcouldlivewithoutthesun.,考题点击：Withoutyourhelp,we_suchrapidprogress.A.couldntmakeB.wouldntmakeC.willnothavemadeD.wouldnthavemade,D,4)情境中提供虚拟语气Supposetherewerenogravity,objectswouldnotfalltothegroundwhendropped.Shewasntfeelingverywell.Otherwiseshewouldnthaveleftthemeetingsoearly.考题点击：Iwentbyplane;otherwiseI_muchlongertime.A.couldtakeB.wouldtakeC.willhavetakenD.wouldhavetaken,D,5)比较ifonly与onlyifonlyif表示“只有”；Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.ifonly则表示“如果就好了”。其从句中的谓语动词用过去时或过去完成时。IfonlyIknewmore.Ifonlythealarmclockhadrung.Ifonly也可用于陈述语气。Ifonlyhecomesearly.Ifonlygrandmother_thistogetherwithusnow.A.willseeB.couldseeC.mustseeD.shouldsee,B,考题点击：,6)Its(high/low)time从句：Itis(high)timethat后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。Itistimethatthechildrenwenttobed.Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed.类似的结构为wouldrather从句：Iwouldratheryouattendedthemeetingthisafternoon.,考题点击：Itistimethatyou_thewholebook.A.mustgooverB.cangooverC.wentoverD.havegoneover,C,7)其它手段Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.（连词）Imighthavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.（连词）Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.（分词短语）Suchmistakescouldhavebeenavoided.（通过上下文）,高考链接:1.Ididntseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe,shewouldhavemetmybrother.A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome(MET94)2.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken(MET95)3.Youdidntletmedrive.Ifweinturn,yousotired.A.drove;didntgetB.drove;wouldntgetC.weredriving;wouldntgetD.haddriven;wouldnthavegot(MET95)4.Withouttheairtoholdsomeofthesunsheat,theearthatnight,toocoldforustolive.A.wouldbefreezingcoldB.willbefreezingcoldlyC.wouldbefrozencoldD.canfreezecoldly(上海97),D,C,D,A,5._itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthemeeting.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will(上海94)6.Janespalefacesuggestedthatsheill,andherparentssuggestedthatsheamedicalexamination.A.be;shouldhaveB.was;haveC.shouldbe;hadD.was;has(上海94)7.forthefreetickets,Iwouldnthavegonetothefilmssooften.A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.Iftheywerenot(上海95)8.YesterdayJanewalkedawayfromthediscussion.Otherwise,shesomething.A.hadsaidB.saidC.mightsayD.mighthavesaid(上海96),B,B,C,D,天恒娱乐天恒娱乐好姐妹的诸人如今反目成仇的好戏。而且王府壹直子嗣不旺，时隔七年咯，都没有壹男半女诞出。现在可好，要么没有，要么就是接二连三、前后脚地传出好消息，大家对此唯有目瞪口呆，难以置信。再有就是韵音这各人，最老实本分、最木纳、最不开窍、最不会使手段的人，居然能杀出重围，不但入咯爷的眼，还能有咯身孕，王府真的是要变天咯吗？雅思琦得知消息后，是万分后悔！自己为啥啊要提议去园子？不但让惜月得咯手，连韵音都跟着沾咯光！淑清得知消息后，则是愤怒不已！惜月和韵音这两各人合起伙来欺负她，这分明就是趁人之危，简直就是十足的小人，她们要为此付出应有的代价！惜月得知消息后，是遗憾至极！原本是指望着韵音能帮她把爷留住，可现在韵音因为有咯身孕而无法再服侍爷，而李姐姐的病几乎就要完全康复，大好局面拱手相送，她实在是不甘心！宋