课程设计中国传统文化

兰州交通大学学期论文中文题目：中国武术的历史和影响英文题目：The history and influence ofChinese martial arts专业：统计学姓名：唐浩彭学号：指导教师：刘虹提交日期：December 25, 2013兰州交通大学学期论文评语指导教师： 成绩： 摘要随着社会和经济的发展，越来越多的人开始学习武术，他们希望通过武术来锻炼他们的身体，给他们带来欢乐，让他们的生活充满激情。中国武术是中国传统文化的一部分，是中国民族体育的主要内容之一，是几千年来中国人民用以锻炼身体和自卫的一种方法。中国武术门派之多，在世界武术中也是非常少见的。据统计，中国目前有拳种约300多个。郭希汾的中国体育史中提到门派众多是由于南北地理、气候、人的不同而造成的。北方人身材高大，北方气候严寒造成北派拳术气势雄劲，大开大合。南方多水，南方人身材矮小，拳术也比较细腻。1949年，中华人民共和国成立后，只有部分门派的武术被编成健身和表演套路，在中小学校教授学生。今天我写这个论文，是为了让我们年轻人知道中国武术的博大精深，同时也希望我们年轻人能够通过武术来锻炼我们的身体。本论文由五部分组成。第一章，对中国武术的重要性和必要性进行论述。第二章，讲述中国武术的起源和发展历程，让我们知道中国武术的博大精深。第三章，介绍中国武术的一些流派和门派，有少林、武当、峨眉等。第四章，讲述中国武术在现代社会的发展状况。第五章即结论部分，对论文进行了总结，强调了中国武术在现代社会的重要性。关键词： 中国武术 功夫 少林寺 太极AbstractWith the development of society and economy, more and more people begin to learn Chinese martial arts, they hope that they can exercise their bodies, bring happiness to them and let them live passionately through the Chinese martial artsChinese martial arts are a part of traditional culture, are one of the main contents in Chinese national sports, and are a method of self-defense and exercise for thousands of years. Chinese martial arts of Wuhu are very rare in the world. According to statistics, currently China has about more than 300 boxing. The more menpais are caused by the North-South geographical, climate and different people mentioned in the Guo Xifens “Chinese sports history”. The northern school boxing momentum strong and have a ready pen is caused by the tall people and the northern cold weather. The southern boxing is delicate because the waters of the south and the short people. In 1949, after the Peoples Republic of China, only some forms of martial arts are adapted into fitness and performance routines, and are teaches in the primary and middle school. Today I write this thesis, I want to let our young people know the Chinese martial arts are broad and profound, and also hope that our young people can exercise our bodies through the martial arts.This paper consists of five parts. The first chapter discusses the importance and necessity of Chinese martial arts. The second chapter, tells the origin and development of Chinese martial arts, let us know the Chinese martial arts are broad and profound. The third chapter introduces some schools and martial arts, Shaolin, Wudang, and Emei etc. The fourth chapter introduces the development of Chinese Wushu in modern society. The fifth chapter is the conclusion, summarizes the paper, and emphasizes the importance of Chinese Wushu in modern society.Keywords: Chinese martial arts Kung Fu Shaolin Temple Tai ChiContentsChapter one The importance of Chinese martial arts1Chapter two The origin and development1Chapter three The Chinese martial arts schools.2Chapter four The Chinese martial arts current situation.3Chapter five Conclusion 4References.6 Chapter oneThe importance of Chinese martial artsChinese martial arts are a part of traditional culture, are one of the main contents in Chinese national sports, and are a method of self-defense and exercise for thousands of years. Guangdong and Guangxi called it kung fu, at the beginning of the Republic of China; it is regarded as the essence of Chinese culture. It is derived from the different martial arts because of the historical development and geographical distribution. The main contents include combat techniques, fighting techniques, strategies and weapons technology in Chinese martial arts. From the practice, it has brought sports, fitness, and qigong in the unique Chinese culture and other important functions. From the theory, it has brought a lot of previous experience and the record. It reflects the Chinese understanding on the offensive and defensive skills and tactics in the form of routines and confrontation. For a long time, Chinese Wushu persists in self-reliance, self-improvement and health fitness. Chinese martial arts include boxing, sword, gun, sword and stick; exercise routines can show body movements of the beautiful posture. Cultural characteristics of Wushu and the exploration of the life truth have important influence on todays Chinese.Chapter twoThe origin and developmentWushu originated in the productive labor of ancient Chinese ancestors. People accumulated split, cut, needling skills in the hunting production activities; Wushu technique is based on these primary defense skills. Wushu originated in the primitive society. Frequently tribal wars occurred in the common period, the fighting experience that gained in the battlefield promoted the martial arts. Chinese martial arts formed in the slave society. After the establishment of the Xia, martial arts tended to a practical and standardized development in order to meet the practical needs. In the Shang and Zhou dynasties, resulting in a Tai Chi theory and then laid Chinese martial arts system. The Chinese martial arts developed in the period of the feudal society. In the Qin and Han dynasties, the famous arts include wrestling, fencing, and knife dance. During the Tang dynasty, the society began to carry out the examination system to promote the development of the Chinese martial arts. In the Song and Yuan dynasties, the folk martial arts with folk association boomed as the main body of the martial arts. The Ming and Qing dynasties is a period of great development, Wushu schools and boxing occurred in the society , Tai Chi and Bagua are the major system.In the modern times, Wushu has become an integral part of Chinese modern sports gradually. The central martial arts established in Nanjing in 1927. In 1936, Chinese martial arts team went to the Berlin Olympics to participate in the performances. In 1999, International Wushu Federation has been absorbed into the formal International Olympic Committee Federation member; it means that Wushu will become the Olympic project.All the people think that the Chinese martial arts originated in the battle, but in the book of “Chinese martial arts in the history and culture”, the author presents the most martial arts from the folk private war although some martial arts from the military needs. National Geographic” in the “ZhengHes Voyages TV show believed that Buddhism ancestor DaMo likely bring the India martial arts into the Shaolin Temple in Song Shan in the northern and Southern Dynasties.Chapter threeThe Chinese martial arts schoolsChinese martial arts have many schools, and they can be classified and named by the region, inheritance, origin and characteristics. Chinese martial arts are divided into north and south, or divided into inner and outer. The Tai Chi, Xingyi and Bagua are the inner representation, the outer called Shaolin, and it divided into north and south. The schools and the martial arts are different. The schools are distinguished by the Wushu but the martial art is the personnel organization.In general, the schools in the martial arts novels will be divided into several sects. These types of martial art are generally considered to be the traditional door upright, and they have the important influences on the Kung Fus world. Although many figures are not decent, they dont make a loss of identity under the watchful eyes of the people. And as a scholar, their responsibilities and actions must be appropriate and suitable because their different position and status. Most martial arts novels mainly thought the Shaolin and Wudang are two major categories in the martial arts. Some schools named after the famous mountain, such as: Huashan, Kong tong, Kunlun, Wudang, Emei and Shaolin martial arts. Others named after their family, fort and mountain; they together constitute the martial Arts in the world. In Wo Longsheng famous book, published in 1958, he thought there must be the nine martial arts school. Recently the eight masters, the seven schools and the six sects are said in our society.In 1961, in the novel of Jin Yong, The Heaven Sword and Dragon Saber, described the six big schools siege the bright top .the six big schools were Shaolin, Wudang, Emei, Huashan, KunLun and Kongtong, and they are the martial arts in the Nine Dragon sent door-to-door. According to statistics, about 65 sects and 481 kinds of martial arts are seen in Jinyongs 15 martial arts novels.Chapter fourThe Chinese martial arts current situationMany children are interested in the Chinese martial arts; they began to run away from home to Shaolin Temple when the movie Shaolin Temple performed in China. In fact, for many people who they show the obsession with Shaolin Temple and now they lived a quiet life, their choice is a kind of blind worship. But recently the Chinese martial arts development has encountered embarrassment; many people give Wushu cast a layer of mystery, causing it lose the development of soil. In the decades of development, the Chinese martial arts have trained many outstanding martial arts talent and have made a great contribution to the development of Wushu. But along the development of Wushu, the audience is less and less, this is a sad in the Chinese martial arts development.My hometown is in Dengfeng, the famous hometown of martial arts, has more than 60 Wushu school and 50000 students .Famous Shaolin Temple is located in the territory of Dengfeng, and the monks still insist in exercising everyday to keep health. In the annual CCTV Spring Festival Gala, there will have a special group of people who are the Tagou Wushu Schools students, and they left a deep impression on the people with their superb martial arts.We often can see the old people practice the sword or practicing Tai Chi in the Chinese park, square and street. They feel that they can strengthen their body and let them can live better by the regular exercise.With the development of the society, more and more people began to focus on the Chinese martial arts. In 2006, Russian President Putin came to Shaolin Temple. Henan TVs Wu Lin Feng is popular all over the world and it also lets us know the martial arts master like Yilong.The development of the martial arts films has also led the development of the Chinese martial arts. Chinese action star like Jackie Chan, Jet Li, Donnie Yen, Wu Jing are familiar to us .In their body, we can also see the martial arts charm and we want to learn the Chinese martial arts.Chapter fiveConclusionChinese martial arts development was not smoothly, as the children of the Yellow Emperor, we should pay attention to the Chinese martial arts and let more people know its beauty. Chinese martial arts have a very important role in modern society. First, improve quality, keep fit and protect ourselves. Martial arts pay attention to regulating the balance of internal environment atmosphere, improve the function of the human body, is very beneficial to the body. Second, exercise the will and cultivate the virtue. When we exercise, we should overcome boring customs; cultivate patient, confident, smart, and never complacent quality. When we encountered the strong opponents, we should overcome negative evade customs, exercise courage and confidence. In the history of thousands of years, Chinese martial arts teach us etiquette and morality, such as respecting teachers and friends, teaching and learning each other, learning skills, doing bravely and confidently what is righteous, not overexert. Third, watch sports. Chinese martial arts have a high ornamental value. Whether it is routine performa