高三英语英语语法讲练――分词课件

分词,V-ing分词概述（一）,一作主语Noddingtheheadmeansagreement,whileshakingitmeansdisagreement.Usingbodylanguageinacorrectwaywillhelpcommunicatewithpeopleandmakethestayinaforeigncountryeasyandcomfortable.二作宾语WouldyoumindgivingatalktodayaboutDNA?Ifthepopulationkeepsgrowingsoquickly,therewillonlybestandingroomleftforusnextcentury.三作表语Therealproblemisgettingallthematerialsreadybeforetheendofthismonth.Childrenareafraidofthestonefiguresinthetemplewhichlooksofrightening.四作介词宾语However,mostofthetime,peoplefromthetwocountriesdonthaveanydifficultyinunderstandingeachother.Hetookalongsomeofhispicturesinthehopeofgettingajobthere.五作宾语补足语ItcouldbeveryinterestingtowatchanArabandanEnglishmantalkingtogether.ThenIlefthimstandingbythecountersohappythatIalmostenviedhim.,Notes,1V-ing分词在句中做主语或宾语时，可以带自己的逻辑主语。例如：Therearemanyreasonsforanimalsdyingout,butthemostimportantoneisthepartthathumanshaveplayed.2.V-ing分词的否定式由not或never+V-ing构成。例如：Hewasdisappointedaboutnotbeingabletotakepartinthecompetition.3V-ing分词有体和语态的变化形式。e.g.Inmanycountrieswithseacoasts,humanwasteispipeddirectlyintotheseawithoutbeingtreated.（一般被动式）Iapologizeforbeingsoangrywithyou.-Iapologizeforhavingbeensoangrywithyou（完成主动式）4某些动词只能用分词作宾语。常见的有：mind,escape,miss,practise,suggest,consider,keep,avoid,risk,finish,imagine,dislike,delayetc.,Exercises,Completethefollowingsentences,usingthewordsgiveninV-ingformandtrytotellthefunctionofeach.encourage,joke,barbecue,leave,live,become,cook,declare,forbid,get1._atipinarestauranthasbecomeacustominmostcountries.2.Thenewprogrammeofresearch-orientedstudyisaimedat_studentstoraiseproblemsandthentosolvethemontheirown.3.Tomost,_foodoverasmokyfirehasbecomeathingofthepast.However,_remainspopularinAmerica.4.WhenSpaniardsarriveinArizona,theyfoundmanyIndiantribes_alongtheriverbanksandinthemountains.5.BritneySpears,PopPrincess,isonherwayto_oneofthehottestpopstarsintheworld.6.AmaninSouthAfricaislikelytofaceupto25yearsinjailfor_thathewascarryingabombonanairlineflight.7.ChurchauthoritiesweresurprisedatGalileos_thattheearthmovedaroundthesun.8.Icantunderstandtheir_togototheconcertgivenbytheBackstreetBoys.9.Casesofanthraxhavecausedworldwidefear.Whatpeoplearedoingnowis_letterscontainingwhitepowderbeforeopeningthem.,Leaving,encouraging,cooking,barbecuing,living,becoming,joking,declaring,beingforbidden,getting,Exercises,Fillinthefollowingblankswiththerightverbforms.Afavouriteamusementinspaceis_(play)withonesfood.Insteadof_(carry)foodallthewaytotheirmouths,someexperiencedastronautslike_(throw)foodfromspoons.Although_(drink)coffeeseemslikethemostnaturalthingonearth,inspaceitwont_(work).Ifyoutried_(trip)thecupbacktotakeadrink,theweightlesscoffeewouldnot_(roll)out.Ifyoudontstart_(drink)yourblobwithastraw,itwillattachitselftothenearestwallorwindow.,playing,carrying,throwing/tothrow,drinking,work,tipping,roll,drinking/todrink,V-ing分词概述（二）,一作名词的前置定语Whentheyreachedtheburningbuilding,theyfoundthattheirladderswerenotlongenoughtoreachthepeople（whowere）trapped.二作名词的后置定语EinsteinwasabletoprovethatlightcomingfromthestarswasbentasitpassedtheSun.(comingfromthestars相当于定语从句whichcomesfromthestars.)三作状语1Walkingslowlyacrossthegrass,hepointedthepipeatthelionandfired.（V-ing分词短语表示时间，其逻辑主语是he；walking的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生，相当于While/When(hewas)walkingslowlyacrossthegrass）2DrManette,havingbeenkeptaprisonerintheBastile,Parissmostimportantprison,formanyyears,hadrecentlybeensetfree.(V-ing分词短语在句中作时间状语，用的是完成被动式，意思相当于AfterDrManettehadbeenkeptformanyyears.),3Thepoorofthecitiesandthepeasantsinthecountry,havinglivedsuchahardlifeforsolong,tookuptheirgunsandknivesandbegantokilltherichnobles.(V-ing分词短语表示原因，其完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，其逻辑主语是thepoorofthecitiesandthepeasantsinthecountry，与句子主语一致。)4Thefishhaveverysharpteeth;theycaneatapersonintwominutes,leavingonlythebones.(分词短语作结果状语，其逻辑主语是thefish，与句子主语一致。)5Thespermwhalethereforehastolookforthesquid,usingsoundwaves.(V-ing分词短语表示行为方式；using与句子谓语动词hastolookfor同时发生。)6Pilesofstoneslieinacornerofthecourtyard,waitingtobereplaced.(V-ing分词短语表示与谓语动词lie同时发生的伴随动作；其逻辑主语是pilesofstones，与句子的主语一致。),V-ed分词概述,一作表语OnequarteroftheshoresoftheMediterraneanarepolluted.(表示主语所处的状态。)二作宾语补足语1.Thenwetalkwithothers,wemakeourselvesunderstoodnotjustbywords.2.Inthemorningpeoplewokeupandfoundtheworldoutsidetheirhousescompletelychanged.三作名词的前置或后置修饰语1.Whenwearrived,weweregivenprintedquestionpapers.2.Wehadourpicniclunchintheforestnexttoafallentree.(前置。fall是不及物动词，fallen在这里表示主动的完成意义。)3.ItcamefromtheworksongssungbyblackpeopleandhaditsrootsinAfrica.(后置。相当于定语从句whichweresungbyblackpeople),四作状语1Seenfromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisisbecausetwo-thirdsoftheearthssurfaceismadeupofvastoceans.(作时间状语或条件状语，相当于When/Iftheearthisseenfromspace,itlooksblue.)2Wellknownforhisexpertsadvice,hewasabletohelpagreatnumberofpeoplewiththeirpersonalaffairs.(作原因状语，相当于Ashewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,hewas.)3Bittenbyasnake,youshouldsendforhelp.(作条件状语，相当于Ifyouarebittenbyasnake,youshould.)4Theroom,althoughsupposedtobekeptlocked,wasoftenleftopen.(作让步状语，其逻辑状语是theroom；当过去分词作时间，条件，让步等状语时，其前还可加when,once,if,although等连词.)5“DrWatsonandIwillspendthenight,lockedinyourroom.”(作状语，表示伴随状况或方式。),Exercises,CompleteeachofthefollowingsentencesusingV-ingorV-edforms.1.Whilewewerebackpackinginthemountains,weadmiredthesceneryaroundus.2.Einsteinwasashyperson,sohefoundithardtogetalongwiththeotherboys.3.AspirinwassoldbyaGermancompanyforthefirsttimein1899,butithasbeenaroundmuchlongerthanthat.4.Manyofthetrainsarelikelytobeoperatedbycomputerinthefutureandtheywillhavenodrivers.5MrHolmesandDrWatsonfollowedthegirlupthestairstoherroom.Thegirlwentupthestairstoherroom,_,Backpackinginthemountains,weadmiredthesceneryaroundus.,Beingashyperson,hefoundithardtogetalongwiththeotherboys.,AlthoughsoldbyaGermancompanyforthefirsttimein1899,ithasbeenaroundmuchlongerthanthat.,Ifoperatedbycomputerinthefuture,theywillhavenodrivers.,followedbyMrHolmesandDrWatson,6.Afterhehadspentthreehoursdoinghishomework,hewascompletelywornout.7Whenhewasaskedhowhegainedfirstplace,hesuddenlybecamecheerful.8TheshipcaughtinaseverestormwastravelingtothewestcoastoftheUnitedKorea.Theship_wascaughtinaseverestorm.9.Holmescarefullyexaminedtheseatofthechair.Thechairstoodagainstthewall.Theseatofthechair_wascarefullyexaminedbyHolmes.10.Theboyswalkedroundthetowncentre.Theylookedatthesightsandtookphotos.Theboyswalkedroundthetowncentre,_,Havingspentthreehoursdoinghishomework,hewascompletelywornout.,Whenaskedhowhegainedfirstplace,hesuddenlybecamecheerful.,travellingtothewestcoastoftheUnitedStatesfromKorea,standingagainstthewall,lookingatthesignsandtakingphotos,Correcterrors,ifany,inthefollowingsentences.Putatickifthesentenceiscorrect.1.Feeingtired,soIwenttobedearly.2.Ahusbandandwifeusuallycalleachotherbytheirfirstnameswhenspeakingtotheirfriends.3.IntheBastilleMonsieurDefargefoundtheletterbeingwrittenbyDrManette.4.Havingnevergoneskiing,Idecidedtotakelessons.5.Walkingalongthestreet,Inoticedasmallice-creamstorealmosthiddenbetweenadepartmentstoreandabank6.Carryingaflashlight,thepathcouldbeseenclearly.7.Doingalltheirshopping,theywenthomeforarest.8.Gottothedaycarecentre,shesawherdaughterholdingthenewdollandscreaming.9.DidyounoticethatAlexbehavedquitedifferentlyinmanywayscomparingtousChinese?10.BorninanartisticfamilyinDalian,QinHaiujoinedtheYingkouDramaSchooltolearnPekingOperaattheageoftenandbecameatopstudent.,正确,去掉,Neverhaving,正确,wecouldseethepath,Havingdone,Getting,compared,正确,Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.Dye,connect,attract,start,cross,live,demand,rise,end,order1.HaloweenisatraditionalholidayintheUKandUSthatfallsonOct.31.Afterdarkchildrengotohouses,_candyfromtheirneighbours.2._byChinashugeInternetuserpopulationande-commercemarket,theyareplanningtomovetheirheadquartersfromtheUnitedStatestoChina.3.Mywholefamilyhavepromisedtokeeptheirfingers_whenIgotformyjobinterview.4.ChinajoinedtheWTOonNov.10th,2001,_15yearsofnegotiations.5.When_aconversation,onecanneverasksuchquestionsasthese:Howoldareyou?Whatsyoursalary?Wheredidyoubuyyournewdress?6.AnnaKournikova,TennisBeauty,isthecenterofpublicattention.Sheissai