草坪学讲义课件

草坪建植,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,坪床制备草种选配草坪建植植后管理,主要内容,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,1坪床制备,场地清理翻耕整地土壤改良排灌系统施肥,草坪建植,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,一场地清理（P141）,植物石块垃圾,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,二翻耕,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,旋耕机,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,手扶式,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,注意事项：,翻耕季节：土壤含水量：松土深度：,秋、冬季,4060,15cm以上,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,三整地,粗平：细平：,等高处理,平滑处理,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,床面高度、排水坡度和方向？,粗平整,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,坡度确定：,a.设置标桩,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,b.标杆标记,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,细平整：,目的：疏、平、细,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,四土壤改良,1、无机质：通气、保水（珍珠岩、蛭石）2、有机质：改善土壤结构、增加肥力、弹力（泥炭）,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,灌溉系统排水系统,五排灌系统,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,控制设备+加压供水设备+给水管道+喷头,灌溉设备：,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,方式：,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,排水系统：地表、地下排水,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,地下：暗管排水,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,注意事项：,排水管深度：间距：,4090cm,520m,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,六施肥,无机肥：N、p、k有机肥：草炭、厩肥等。,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,2草坪草种选择,选择依据选择方法草种组合,草坪建植,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,一选择依据,生态要求使用目的建坪及管理的技术和成本,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,1.生态要求：,气候：气温、降雨土壤：pH、含盐量,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,百绿-世界最大的草种公司,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,百绿:,2008北京奥运会5个正式比赛场馆（中国）世界杯(2006,2002,1998)欧锦赛(2000,1996，1992)亚洲杯（重庆奥体）.,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,草坪草种与品种区域化选择,P（148）：图4-14P（126）：表4-6,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,2.使用目的：,(1)休息草坪(2)运动草坪(3)观赏草坪(4)花坛草坪(5)林下草坪(6)放牧草坪(7)护坡草坪(8)环保草坪,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,屋顶草坪要求草坪草耐贫瘠、抗干旱、具有一定的美观性,狗牙根、马尼拉,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,高尔夫果岭,匍匐翦股颖，狗牙根与结缕草的部分种。,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,耐践踏性强，恢复力强，且要满足观众的审美情趣,草地早熟禾+多年生黑麦草,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,狗牙根、结缕草,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,耐荫性？,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,二、草种选择方法,经验法：试验法：引种区域化法：温度拟合法：,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,温度拟合法：,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,三、草种组合,组合方式,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,建群种（50),伴生种（30),保护种,1.混播：,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,优点：,（1）适应范围广；（2）成坪速度快；（3）绿期长、寿命长；（4）恢复力强；（5）总体抗性强。,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,缺点：,（1）难以形成良好的外观质量；（2）管理较复杂；（3）需多次试验。,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,组合原则,优势互补共生互补外观一致种类不宜过多,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,常用组合：P（150）,观赏草坪：运动场草坪：,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,草地早熟禾（向阳）紫羊茅（耐荫）多年生黑麦草（速生）。,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,April2002,暖季型草坪草与冷季型草坪草的混播？,ShandongandJiangsuForageWorkshops,