life in the future（reference for teaching）

精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创1/21LIFEINTHEFUTURE（REFERENCEFORTEACHING）REFERENCEFORTEACHINGI异域风情LAMERICANTEENAGERSTHEREAREMORETHAN35MILLIONAMERICANSBETWEENTHEAGESOF13AND19THEYARETHENATIONSTEENAGERSTHEYEXPRESSTHEMSELVESWITHTHEIROWNMUSICCLOTHESANDLANGUAGETHEYHAVETHEEMOTIONSOFACHILDINTHEBODYOFANADULTTHEYWANTTOBEFREEANDINDEPENDENT，YETTHEYALSOWANTTOBETAKENCAREOFMANYTEENAGERSDISAGREEWITHTHEIRPARENTSABOUTHOWMUCHFREEDOMTHEYSHOULDHAVESOMEDISOBEYTHEIRPARENTSTHEYSAYTHEIRPARENTSDONOTUNDERSTANDTHEMTHENEWYORKTIMESNEWSPAPERSAYS1956WASTHEYEAROFTHETEENAGERTHATWASWHENTHEWORLDTEENAGEWASFIRSTUSEDTOIDENTIFYTHECULTUREOFYOUNGAMERICANSINTHE1950S，TEENAGERSBEGANREBELLINGAGAINSTADULTSTEENAGERSDIDNOTWANTTOBELIKETHEIRPARENTSTHEYWANTEDTOLISTENTOTHEIROWNMUSIC，ROCKANDROLLTHEYWANTEDTOWEARDIFFERENTKINDOFCLOTHESTHEYWANTEDTOUSEDIFFERENTEXPRESSIONSTOCOM精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创2/21MUNICATEWITHEACHOTHERMANYMOVIESSHOWEDTHISREBELLINGBYTEENAGERSONEOFTHEMOSTFAMOUSWASREBELWITHOUTACAUSEITSTAREDJAMESDEANASATROUBLETEENAGERONEPOPULARPLAYSHOWEDTEENAGERSINAFUNNYWAYITWASCALLEDBYEBYEBIRDLETHISMUSICWASPRODUCEDONBROADWAYINNEWYORKIN1960LATERITWASMADEINTOAMOVIEBYEBYEBIRDLETELLSWHATHAPPENSTOANAMERICANFAMILYWHENAFAMOUSROCKANDROLLSINGERVISITSTHEIRTOWNTHEFATHEROFTHEFAMILYDOESNOTUNDERSTANDTEENAGERSTODAYAMERICANTEENAGERSSPENTALOTOFMONEYBUYINGRECORDS，CLOTHESANDELECTRONICDEVICESTHEYALSOSPENDALOTONENTERTAINMENTLASTYEARTEENAGERSSPENTALMOST100THOUSANDMILLIONDOLLARSTHENEWYORKTIMESSAYSTHATWASMORETHANTHEIRPARENTSSPENTONTHOSETHINGSWHEREDOAMERICANTEENAGERSGETALLTHISMONEYMANYOFTHEMHAVEPARTTIMEJOBSSOMETAKECAREOFCHILDRENOTHERSWORKATFASTFOODRESTAURANTSTHEYEARNABOUT4DOLLARSANHOURMANYTEENAGERSDONOTHAVEJOBSINSTEAD,THEYRECEIVEMONEYFROMTHEIRPARENTSTHEY精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创3/21MIGHTGETASMUCHAS20DOLLARSAWEEKTHEYAREPERMITTEDTOSPENDTHISANYWAYTHEYCHOOSETHELIVESOFMOSTAMERICANTEENAGERSTODAYAREORGANIZEDAROUNDTHEEXPERIENCEOFHIGHSCHOOLSTUDENTSUSUALLYBEGINWITHSCHOOLATTHEAGEOF13OR14SOMELEAVEATTHEAGEOF16BUTMOSTCOMPLETETHE4YEARHIGHSCHOOLPROGRAMTHEYDONOTGETTHEIRFIRSTFULLTIMEJOBORBEGINUNIVERSITYSTUDIESUNTILTHEYARE17OR18YEARSOLDTHEHIGHSCHOOLDAYISABOUT7HOURSLONGTHEDAYISDIVIDEDINTOCLASSESOFABOUT50MINUTESTHESTUDENTSHAVEAMEALINTHEMIDDLEOFTHEDAYAMERICANTEENAGERSSTUDYENGLISH，HISTORY，MATHEMATICS，SCIENCEARTANDLANGUAGESSOMEALSOLEARNJOBSKILLSTHEYMIGHTLEARNHOWTOUSEACOMPUTERORHOWTOFIXACAROTHERSTUDENTSMIGHTLEARNBYWORKINGINANOFFICE，AHOSPITALOROTHERPLACESONEDAYAWEEK2TAXESINAMERICAAMERICANSOFTENSAYTHATTHEREAREONLYTWOTHINGSAPERSONCANBESUREOFINLIFEDEATHANDTAXESMANYPEOPLEFEELTHATTHEUNITEDSTATESHASTHEWORSTTAXESINTHEWORLDTAXESARETHEMONEYTHATPEOPLEPAYTOSUPPORTTHEIRGOVERNMENTTHEREAREGENERAL精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创4/21LYTHREELEVELSOFGOVERNMENTINAMERICAFEDERAL，STATEANDCITY；THEREFORE，THEREARETHREETYPESOFTAXESSALARIEDPEOPLEWHOEARNMORETHANFOUROFFIVETHOUSANDPERYEARMUSTPAYACERTAINPARTOFTHEIRSALARIESTOTHEFEDERALGOVERNMENTTHEPERCENTAGEVARIESFORDIFFERENTPEOPLEITDEPENDSONTHESALARIESTHEFEDERALGOVERNMENTHASATWOLEVELINCOMETAXTHATIS，15OR28PERCENT17850ISTHECUTOFFTHETAXRATEIS15PERCENTBELOW17850AND28PERCENTABOVETHESECONDTAXISFORTHESTATEGOVERNMENTNEWYORK，CALIFORNIA，ORANYOFTHEOTHERFORTYEIGHTSTATESSOMESTATESHAVEANINCOMETAXSIMILARTOTHATOFTHEFEDERALGOVERNMENTOFCOURSETHEPERCENTAGEFORTHESTATETAXISLOWEROTHERSTATESHAVEASALESTAX，WHICHISAPERCENTAGECHARGEDONANYITEMWHICHPEOPLEBUYINTHESTATESOMESTATESUSEINCOMETAXANDSALESTAXTORAISETHEIRREVENUESTHETHIRDTAXISFORTHECITYTHISTAXCOMESINTWOFORMSPROPERTYTAXANDEXCISETAX，WHICHISCOLLECTEDONVEHICLESINACITYTHECITIESUSETHISMONEYFOREDUCATION，PO精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创5/21LICE，PUBLICWORKS，ETCSINCEAMERICANSPAYSUCHHIGHTAXES,THEYOFTENFEELTHATTHEYAREWORKINGONEDAYEACHWEEKJUSTTOPAYTHEIRTAXESPEOPLEALWAYSCOMPLAINABOUTTAXESTHEYOFTENSAYTHATTHEGOVERNMENTMISUSESTHEIRTAXDOLLARSTHEYALLBELIEVETHATTAXESARETOOHIGHINTHISCOUNTRY知识归纳1REMAIN的用法1保持某种状态继续存在，仍旧是CONTINUEINSOMECONDITIONCONTINUETOBE。用作连系动词，后面接形容词、名词、分词和介词短语，本课中出现的即为此用法。EGTHEYWILLREMAININCONTACTWITHUS他们将与我们保持联系。AFTERYEARSOFHARDWORK，TOMSTILLREMAINEDAWORKER多年的辛劳后，汤姆仍是一名工人。THATOLDMANREMAINEDFULLOFENERGY那位老人还是那么精力充沛。THESITUATIONREMAINEDUNCHANGED局势没有什么变化。SHEREMAINEDSITTINGWHENTHEYCAMEIN精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创6/21他们进来时，她仍然坐着没有站起来。2停留，逗留CONTINUEINSOMEPLACE。用作不及物动词。EGPLEASEREMAINHERETILLIRETURN请留在这儿，等我回来。HESELDOMREMAINSINHISOFFICE他很少呆在办公室里。3剩下、遗留BESTILLPRESENTAFTERAPARTHASGONEORHASBEENTAKENAWAY。用作不及物动词。EGIFYOUTAKE4FROM9,5REMAINS九减四剩五。FEWPEOPLEREMAINEDINTHEMEETINGROOM会议室的人所剩无几。当“剩下、留下”讲时应注意以下两点A可与不定式连用EGALOTOFWORKREMAINSTOBEDONEINTHEOFFICE办公室里待做的工作很多。MANYPROBLEMSREMAINTOBESETTLED很多问题尚待解决。B用现在分词REMAINING剩下的、剩余的作定语。EGTHEOLDMANDIDNTKNOWHOWTODEALWITHTHEREMAININGVE精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创7/21GETABLES这位老人不知道怎么来处理剩余的蔬菜。THEBOYATEUPTHEREMAININGFOOD这个男孩把剩下的食物全吃了。2KEEP的用法小结KEEP是高考常考词汇之一，其含义丰富，与其搭配的短语也很多，其主要用法如下1用作及物动词保留、保存、保持、留下CONTINUETOHAVE；HAVEINONESPOSSESSION；NOTGIVEAWAYEGWEDBETTERKEEPASEATFORHIM我们最好给他留个座位。HEKEPTALLTHEMONEYINTHEBANK他把所有的钱都存入了银行。WILLYOUPLEASEKEEPTHESEKEYSWHILEIAMAWAY我不在家时，请你给我保管这些钥匙好吗履行诺言遵守，阻止OBSERVE；PAYPROPERRESPECTTO；PREVENTEGONESHOULDKEEPONESPROMISE一个人应当遵守自己的诺言。EVERYBODYMUSTKEEPTHELAW人人都必须守法。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创8/21CANTYOUKEEPYOURDOGFROMCOMINGINTOMYGARDEN你能不能看住你的狗，不让它跑到我的花园里来赡养，养活，饲养SUPPORT；RAISEEGHEHASALARGEFAMILYTOKEEP他有一大家人要养活。THEOLDWOMANKEEPSMANYANIMALSLIKEDOGS，PIGSANDCATS这位老太太养了许多动物，像狗、猪还有猫等。经营，管理MANAGEEGHEKEPTAFLOWERSHOPINTHISCITY在这座城市里，他开了一家花店。SHEISGOODATKEEPINGHOUSE她擅长管理家务。保守秘密，记日记，账NOTTELL；MAKERECORDSOFEGCANYOUKEEPASECRET你能保守秘密吗THEBOYKEEPSADIARYEVERYDAY这个男孩每天记日记。庆祝生日、节日CELEBRATEEGALLOFTHEPEOPLEKEEPSSPRINGFESTIVALINOURCOUNTRY我国所有的人都庆祝春节。WEDONTKEEPBIRTHDAYSINOURCOUNTRYSIDE精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创9/21我们乡下不过生日。使处于某种状态情况CAUSESBSTHTOREMAININAPARTICULARSTATE在这种情况下，KEEP常跟复合结构KEEP宾语补语用作宾语补足语。常见的词有现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词以及介词短语。EGHEKEPTMEWAITINGFORHALFANHOUR他让我等了半个小时。KEEPYOURMOUTHSHUTANDYOUREYESOPEN少说话，多观察。THEDOCTORKEPTMEINFORAWEEK医生让我在家休息一星期。SHEALWAYSKEEPSHERBOOKSINGOODORDER她总是把书放得整整齐齐。2用作不及物动词保持，继续处于某种状态CAUSETOREMAINORCONTINUEINAPARTICULARSTATE。KEEP为连系动词。EGPLEASEKEEPQUIET请保持安静。WEREKEEPINGINVERYGOODHEALTH我们身体非常好。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创10/21WEKEPTINDURINGTHECOLDWEATHER天冷时，我们呆在家。YOUSHOULDNTKEEPTHINKINGABOUTIT你不该老是想这事。食物保持良好状态EGWILLTHISFISHKEEPTILLTOMORROW这鱼能放到明天吗3KEEP构成的一些短语KEEPANEYEON注意看守KEEPSBAWAYFROMSTH使离开某物KEEPBACK忍住眼泪；扣下；隐瞒KEEPSBFROMDOINGSTH阻止某人做某事KEEPSTHINMIND记住某事物KEEPSBSTHOUTOFSTH不让人内KEEPINTOUCHWITH与保持联系KEEPONDOINGSTH继续做某事KEEPOFF远离；避开；让开KEEPUP保持不低落；继续KEEPUPWITH跟上；不落在后面KEEPDOWN控制；镇压；使不吐出3MAKE的基本用法MAKE是中学英语中，一个常用的动词，它的意义多，用法精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创11/21广，现将其意义和用法归纳如下。1制造，做PRODUCESTHBYWORKINGEGIMGOINGTOMAKEACAKEFORMYSON我打算做个生日蛋糕送给儿子。THEFACTORYMAKESSHOES这家工厂制造鞋子。2使成为；使做CAUSESTHSBTOBEORBECOME当用作此意时。常接复合宾语MAKE宾语宾补常用的有以下几种情况。MAKEOBJ一年N/ADJEGWEHAVEMADEHIMOURMONITOR我们推选他为班长。THEBADNEWSMADEUSSAD这坏消息使我们悲伤。注意当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用IT作形式宾语。EGIMADEITACONDITIONTHATEVERYBODYMUSTBEPRESENT我提出条件，人人都要出席。THISMADEITHARDFORMETOCONTROLMYSELF这使我很难控制我自己。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创12/21MAKEOBJDOSTHEGTHEYMADEMERETELLTHESTORY他们要我重讲了一遍这个故事。注意在被动结构中，不定式要带“TO”。EGIWASMADETORETELLTHESTORYMAKEOBJEDEGTHESTRANGENOISEMADETHECHILDFRIGHTENED奇怪的声音使孩子感到恐惧。通常情况下，MAKE后的宾语是反身代词，作宾补的动词要用过去分词，即MAKEONESELFEDHEARD，KNOWN，UNDERSTOODEGHERAISEDHISVOICEINORDERTOMAKEHIMSELFHEARD他提高嗓门使大家能听见他的声音。WILLYOUPLEASEMAKEYOURSELFKNOWNTOUSINENGLISH请你用英语给我们作自我介绍，好吗间或也可由介词短语或从句构成复合宾语。EGYOUHAVEMADEMEWHATIAM你已使我成了现在的这个样子。HEWOULDTRYTOMAKEHIMSELFOFMOREIMPORTANTINTHEBUSINESS他将设法使自己在这笔生意中更加举足轻重。3“MAKEN”结构精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创13/21MAKE和表示动作的名词连用，表示动作或活动，该结构的含义实际上相当于该名词同义的动词。EGMAKEAPROMISE许诺，答应MAKEPROGRESS取得进步MAKEADECISION决定MAKEANANSWER回答MAKEUSEOF利用MAKEANEXPLANATION解释MAKEPREPARATIONSFOR准备MAKEASTUDYOF研究MAKEAPLAN计划MAKEASUGGESTION提出建议MAKEALIVING谋生MAKEADISCOVERY发现4有条件成为，具有特点尤其指好的HAVETHEQUALITIESOF，ESPSOMETHINGGOODEGTHEYOUNGMANWILLMAKEANEXCELLENTSINGERWHENHEGROWSUP这个小伙子长大会成为优秀歌唱家。IFYOUWORKHARD，YOUWILLMAKEAGOODDOCTOR如果你努力学习，你会成为好医生。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创14/21词语辨析1OTHERTHEOTHER，OTHERS，THEOTHERS，ANOTHER1OTHER“另外的，其他的。别的”。作前置定语，修饰单数或复数名词。EGOTHERPEOPLEMAYNOTTHINKTHATWAY别的人可能不这么想。I1LCOMEAGAINSOMEOTHERDAY我改日再来吧。2THEOTHER表示两者中的“另一个”或两部分中的“另一部分”，是特指。EGIDONTLIKETHISONESHOWMETHEOTHER我不喜欢这个。让我看看另一个。THEREARESEVENPEOPLEINTHEROOMFOURAREGIRLS，THEOTHERTHREEAREBOYS房间里有六个人，四个是女孩，其余的三个是男孩。3OTHERS作主语或宾语。泛指“其他人”或“其他物”。EGOTHERSMAYOBJECTTOYOURIDEA别人可能会反对你这个意见。SOMEARESINGINGANDDANCING；OTHERSARECLIMBINGTHEHILL一些人在唱歌跳舞，一些人在爬山。4THEOTHERS作主语或宾语。指整体中除去一部分后剩精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创15/21余的全部。EGFOUROFTHEMAREINTHECLASSROOMWHATABOUTTHEOTHERS他们有四个人在教室里。别的人呢WHENHEGOTONTHETRAIN，HESAIDTOTHEOTHERS,“THEBOYWASRIGHT”当他再次走上列车时他对所有的人说“这男孩是正确的”。5ANOTHER泛指许多至少三个中的任何一个。其名词前不加冠词。EGSAYINGJSONETHINGANDDOINGISANOTHER说是一回事做又是一回事。THEREISANOTHERSEATICANSITOVERTHERE还有一个座位我可以坐在那儿。另外，ANOTHER有时可用作“再一”的意思。EGHAVEANOTHERCUPOFCOFFEE，PLEASE再喝一杯咖啡吧。还可与数词连用，表示“再个”。EGJUSTTHINKWHATOURCOUNTRYWILLBELIKEINANOTHERTENYEARS设想一下再过十年我们国家将是什么样子。2CLOTH，CLOTHES，CLOTHING精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创16/211CLOTH是指做衣服等用的材料。如布料、毛料、丝绸等，是物质名词不可数，一般不能直接与不定冠词或数词连用，一块布料是APIECEOFCLOTHEGTHISPIECEOFCLOTHISLONGENOUGHFORYOUTOMAKEACOAT这块布够你做一件上衣。注意CLOTH指“具体用途的布”时，可与冠词连用。EGATABLECLOTH一块桌布ADISHCLOTH一块擦碗布也可简称为ACLOTHCLEANUPTHETABLEWITHACLOTH用块布把桌子擦干净。2CLOTHES指具体的衣服，包括上衣、裤子、内衣、外衣等，不能用作单数，不能与不定冠词或数词连用，但可以与物主代词、指示代词、少数不定代词连用。作主语时，谓语用复数形式。EGHEWEARSFINECLOTHES他穿着很讲究。ALLOFHERCLOTHESAREMADEBYHERMOTHER她的所有的衣服都是她母亲做的。3CLOTHING是衣服、服装的总称，是集体名词。只有单数形式，是区别于其他事物的精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创17/21抽象概念。作主语时渭语动词用单数形式,如果要表示一件衣服时，可说ANARTICLEOFCLOTHING或APIECEOFCLOTHING但不能用ASUITOFCLOTHING。EGTHATSHOPSELLSCHILDRENSCLOTHING那家商店卖童装。THEORPHANSAREWELLSUPPLIEDWITHFOODANDCLOTHING孤儿们的衣食供应很充足。3WHATTHAT1WHAT作连词它本身必须是名词性从句中的一个成分即主语、宾语或表语，这时WHAT具有两个含义保留疑问的意义，即“什么，什么样的”；相当于“THETHINGSWHICHTHAT”即“先行词定语从句”的含义可译成“所的东西或事情”。EGIWONDERWHATHASHAPPENEDTOHIM我不知道他出什么事了。THEVILLAGEISNOTWHATITUSEDTOBE这个村子不是从前那个样子了。2THAT作连词，在名词性从句中不作任何成分，没有具体含义，但也不能省去除在宾语从句中可以省去。EGTHETROUBLEISTHATHEHASNEVERDONETHEWORKBEFORE麻烦在于他以前从未干过这个工作。精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创18/21THATTHEEARTHTURNSAROUNDTHESUNISKNOWNTOALL地球绕着太阳转这一点是众所周知的。ALLTHISPROVESTHATWEARERIGHT这一切都证明我们是对的。3在定语从句中,THAT是关系代词，代替先行词在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语，也就是说关系代词THAT前必须有先行词；而WHAT在名词性从句中单独作主语、表语和宾语其含义相当于SOMETHINGTHAT，ALLTHAT或EVERYTHINGTHAT。EGTHATISALLTHATIWANTTOTELLYOUTHATISWHATIWANTTOTELLYOU那就是我想告诉你的。4在“ITISWAS被强调部分THAT其余部分”强调句中,THAT本身不作句子成分，无论强调主语、宾语和状语都用THAT。强调主语或宾语是“人”时,也可用WHO或WHOMEGITISFROMTHEEARLY1990STHATSCIENTISTSSTARTEDTODEVELOPNEWTECHNIQUES科学家们是20世纪90年代初开始发展新技术的。ITISTHEPEOPLE,NOTTHINGSTHATAREDECISIVE决定的因素是人而不是物。能力训练精品文档2016全新精品资料全新公文范文全程指导写作独家原创19/211句型转换每空一词，句意不变1THEBOOKISSAIDTOHAVEBEENTRANSLATEDINTOENGLISH_ISSAID_THEBOOK_TRANS