【土木工程】长春工业大学办公楼结构、施工设计-外文翻译-the engineering index

DESIGNANDEXECUTIONOFGROUNDINVESTIGATIONFOREARTHWORKS土方工程的地基勘察与施工资料来源THEENGINEERINGINDEX设计题目长春工业大学办公楼结构、施工设计学生姓名学院名称土木工程学院专业名称土木工程专业班级名称学号指导教师教师职称讲师学历硕士2013年04月07日ABSTRACTTHEDESIGNANDEXECUTIONOFGROUNDINVESTIGATIONWORKSFOREARTHWORKPROJECTSHASBECOMEINCREASINGLYIMPORTANTASTHEAVAILABILITYOFSUITABLEDISPOSALAREASBECOMESLIMITEDANDCOSTSOFIMPORTINGENGINEERINGFILLINCREASEANOUTLINEOFGROUNDINVESTIGATIONMETHODSWHICHCANAUGMENTTRADITIONALINVESTIGATIONMETHODSPARTICULARLYFORGLACIALTILL/BOULDERCLAYSOILSISPRESENTEDTHEISSUEOFGEOTECHNICALCERTIFICATIONISRAISEDANDRECOMMENDATIONSOUTLINEDONITSMERITSFORINCORPORATIONWITHGROUNDINVESTIGATIONSANDEARTHWORKS1INTRODUCTIONTHEINVESTIGATIONANDREUSEEVALUATIONOFMANYIRISHBOULDERCLAYSOILSPRESENTSDIFFICULTIESFORBOTHTHEGEOTECHNICALENGINEERANDTHEROADDESIGNENGINEERTHESEGLACIALTILLORBOULDERCLAYSOILSAREMAINLYOFLOWPLASTICITYANDHAVEPARTICLESIZESRANGINGFROMCLAYTOBOULDERSMOSTOFOURBOULDERCLAYSOILSCONTAINVARYINGPROPORTIONSOFSAND,GRAVEL,COBBLESANDBOULDERSINACLAYORSILTMATRIXTHEAMOUNTOFFINESGOVERNSTHEIRBEHAVIOURANDTHESILTCONTENTMAKESITVERYWEATHERSUSCEPTIBLEMOISTURECONTENTSCANBEHIGHLYVARIABLERANGINGFROMASLOWAS7FORTHEHARDGREYBLACKDUBLINBOULDERCLAYUPTO2025FORMIDLAND,SOUTHWESTANDNORTHWESTLIGHTGREYBOULDERCLAYDEPOSITSTHEABILITYOFBOULDERCLAYSOILSTOTAKEINFREEWATERISWELLESTABLISHEDANDPOORPLANNINGOFEARTHWORKSOFTENAMPLIFIESTHISTHEFINESOILCONSTITUENTSAREGENERALLYSENSITIVETOSMALLINCREASESINMOISTURECONTENTWHICHOFTENLEADTOLOSSINSTRENGTHANDRENDERTHESOILSUNSUITABLEFORREUSEASENGINEERINGFILLMANYOFOURBOULDERCLAYSOILSESPECIALLYTHOSEWITHINTERMEDIATETYPESILTSANDFINESANDMATRIXHAVEBEENREJECTEDATTHESELECTIONSTAGE,BUTGOODPLANNINGSHOWSTHATTHEYCANINFACTFULFILSPECIFICATIONREQUIREMENTSINTERMSOFCOMPACTIONANDSTRENGTHTHESELECTIONPROCESSSHOULDAIMTOMAXIMISETHEUSEOFLOCALLYAVAILABLESOILSANDWITHCAREFULEVALUATIONITISPOSSIBLETOUSEORINCORPORATEPOORORMARGINALSOILSWITHINFILLAREASANDEMBANKMENTSFILLMATERIALNEEDSTOBEPLACEDATAMOISTURECONTENTSUCHTHATITISNEITHERTOOWETTOBESTABLEANDTRAFFICABLEORTOODRYTOBEPROPERLYCOMPACTEDHIGHMOISTURECONTENT/LOWSTRENGTHBOULDERCLAYSOILSCANBESUITABLEFORUSEASFILLINLOWHEIGHTEMBANKMENTSIE2TO25MBUTNOTSUITABLEFORTRAFFICKINGBYEARTHWORKPLANTWITHOUTUSINGAGEOTEXTILESEPARATORANDGRANULARFILLCAPPINGLAYERHENCE,ITISVITALTHATTHEEARTHWORKSCONTRACTORFULLYUNDERSTANDSTHEHANDLINGPROPERTIESOFTHESOILS,ASFORMANYPROJECTSTHISISEFFECTIVELYGOVERNEDBYTHETRAFFICABILITYOFEARTHMOVINGEQUIPMENT2TRADITIONALGROUNDINVESTIGATIONMETHODSFORROADPROJECTS,APRINCIPALAIMOFTHEGROUNDINVESTIGATIONISTOCLASSIFYTHESUITABILITYOFTHESOILSINACCORDANCEWITHTABLE61FROMSERIES600OFTHENRASPECIFICATIONFORROADWORKSSRW,MARCH2000THEMAJORITYOFCURRENTGROUNDINVESTIGATIONSFORROADWORKSINCLUDESACOMBINATIONOFTHEFOLLOWINGTOGIVETHEREQUIREDGEOTECHNICALDATATRIALPITSCABLEPERCUSSIONBOREHOLESDYNAMICPROBINGROTARYCOREDRILLINGINSITUTESTINGSPT,VARIABLEHEADPERMEABILITYTESTS,GEOPHYSICALETCLABORATORYTESTINGTHEIMPORTANCEOFPHASINGTHEFIELDWORKOPERATIONSCANNOTBEOVERSTRESSED,PARTICULARLYWHENASSESSINGSOILSUITABILITYFROMDEEPCUTAREASCABLEPERCUSSIONBOREHOLESARENORMALLYSUNKTOADESIREDDEPTHORREFUSALWITHDISTURBEDANDUNDISTURBEDSAMPLESRECOVEREDAT100MINTERVALSORCHANGEOFSTRATAINMANYINSTANCES,CABLEPERCUSSIONBORINGISUNABLETOPENETRATETHROUGHVERYSTIFF,HARDBOULDERCLAYSOILSDUETOCOBBLE,BOULDEROBSTRUCTIONSSAMPLEDISTURBANCEINBOREHOLESSHOULDBEPREVENTEDANDLOSSOFFINESISCOMMON,INVARIABLYTHISLEADSTOINACCURATECLASSIFICATIONTRIALPITSARECONSIDEREDMOREAPPROPRIATEFORRECOVERINGAPPROPRIATESIZESAMPLESANDFOROBSERVINGTHEPROPORTIONOFCLASTSTOMATRIXANDSIZESOFCOBBLES,BOULDERSDETAILEDANDACCURATEFIELDDESCRIPTIONSARETHEREFOREVITALFORCUTAREASANDTRIALPITSPROVIDEANOPPORTUNITYTOEXAMINETHESOILSONALARGERSCALETHANBOREHOLESTRIALPITSALSOPROVIDEANINSIGHTONTRENCHSTABILITYANDTOOBSERVEWATERINGRESSANDITSEFFECTSASUITABLYEXPERIENCEDGEOTECHNICALENGINEERORENGINEERINGGEOLOGISTSHOULDSUPERVISETHETRIALPITTINGWORKSANDRECOVERYOFSAMPLESTHECHARACTERISTICSOFTHESOILSDURINGTRIALPITEXCAVATIONSHOULDBECLOSELYOBSERVEDASTHISPROVIDESINFORMATIONONSOILSENSITIVITY,ESPECIALLYIFWATERFROMGRANULARZONESMIGRATESINTOTHEFINEMATRIXMATERIALVERYOFTEN,THECONDITIONOFSOILONTHESIDESOFANEXCAVATIONPROVIDESAMOREACCURATEASSESSMENTOFITSINSITUCONDITION3SOILCLASSIFICATIONSOILDESCRIPTIONANDCLASSIFICATIONSHOULDBEUNDERTAKENINACCORDANCEWITHBS59301999ANDTESTEDINACCORDANCEWITHBS13771990THEENGINEERINGDESCRIPTIONOFASOILISBASEDONITSPARTICLESIZEGRADING,SUPPLEMENTEDBYPLASTICITYFORFINESOILSFORMANYOFOURGLACIALTILL,BOULDERCLAYSOILSIEMIXEDSOILSDIFFICULTIESARISEWITHDESCRIPTIONSANDASSESSINGENGINEERINGPERFORMANCETESTSASOUTLINEDPREVIOUSLY,IRISHBOULDERCLAYSUSUALLYCOMPRISEHIGHLYVARIABLEPROPORTIONSOFSANDS,GRAVELSANDCOBBLESINASILTORCLAYMATRIXLOWPLASTICITYSOILSWITHFINESCONTENTSOFAROUND10TO15OFTENPRESENTTHEMOSTDIFFICULTIESBS59301999NOWRECOGNISESTHESEDIFFICULTIESINDESCRIBINGMIXEDSOILSTHEFINESOILCONSTITUENTSWHICHGOVERNTHEENGINEERINGBEHAVIOURNOWTAKESPRIORITYOVERPARTICLESIZEAKEYPARAMETERWHICHISOFTENUNDERESTIMATEDINCLASSIFYINGANDUNDERSTANDINGTHESESOILSISPERMEABILITYKINSPECTIONOFTHEPARTICLESIZEGRADINGSWILLINDICATEMAGNITUDEOFPERMEABILITYWHEREPOSSIBLE,TR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