2014高考英语阅读理解抓分精品训练（40）及答案（ 2013高考）

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分精品训练（40）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。GENIUSESAMAZEUS，IMPRESSUSANDMAKEUSALLALITTLEJEALOUSHOWDOTHEYDIFFERFROMTHEAVERAGEPERSONSCIENTISTSAREWORKINGHARDTOFIGUREOUTTHATANSWERTUNEINTOTHENATIONALGEOGRAPHICCHANNELTOFINDOUTABOUTTHEDISCOVERIESTHEYREMAKINGINTHESERIESMYBRILLIANTBRAINWHENMARCYUWASONLYTWOYEARSOLD，HEBEGANTOPLAYTHEPIANOAFTERAYEAR,HESTARTEDLEARNINGPIECESBYBEETHOVENNOWHESAWORLDFAMOUSCONCERTPIANISTATAGEEIGHTHELEARNSNEWERANDMOREDIFFICULTPIECESWITHEASEANDCANIDENTIFYANYNOTEHEHEARSHESEEMSTOBESPECIALLYDESIGNEDFORMUSICINBORNGENIUS,NATIONALGEOGRAPHICLOOKSATTHESCIENCEBEHINDCHILDPRODIGIES（神童）TOEXPLAINWHYSOMECHILDRENSEEMTOBEBORNWITHOUTLIMITSGENIUSESDIDNTCOMENATURALLYTOTOMMYMCHUGHHISCAMEONLYAFTERHENEARLYDIEDFROMBLEEDINGINHISBRAINAFTERRECOVERING,MCHUGHSHEADWASFILLEDWITHNEWTHOUGHTSANDPICTURESO,HEBEGANTOEXPRESSTHEMINTHEFORMOFPOETRYANDARTNOW,HESASEEMINGLYUNSTOPPABLECREATIVEMACHINESUFFERSOFBRAININJURYHAVESHOWNTHATGREATMENTALABILITYCANSOMETIMESCOMEFROMDAMAGEORDISEASEACCIDENTALGENIUSEXPLORESTHISPUZZLINGRELATIONSHIPCANNORMALPEOPLEBETRAINEDTOBEGENIUSESSUSANPOLGERHASSHOWNNOSIGNOFEXTRAORDINARYINTELLIGENCEYET,DURINGHERCHILDHOOD,SHESTUDIEDTHOUSANDSOFCHESSPATTERNSANDLEARNEDTORECOGNIZETHEMIMMEDIATELYASARESULT,SHEWASABLETOBEATSKILLEDADULTPLAYERSBYAGE10ANDCANNOWPLAYUPTOFIVEGAMESATTHESAMETIMEWITHOUTEVENSEEINGTHEBOARDSMAKEMEAGENIUSEXAMINESWHATISTAKESTOTURNANORDINARYBRAININTOTHATOFAGENIUSIFBECOMINGAGENIUSWEREEASY,WEDALLBEDONEYET,THEREISMUCHMORETOSUPERINTELLIGENCETHANSIMPLYBEINGBORNLUCKYLEARNMOREABOUTAMAZINGBRAINSTHISMONTHONNATIONALGEOGRAPHICSMYBRILLIANTBRAIN1INPARAGRAPH2,MARCYUSSTORYTELLSUS_AACHILDPRODIGYCANWORKEASIERTHANOTHERSBACHILDPRODIGYISTRAINEDBYFAMILYCACHILDPRODIGYHASANUNBELIEVABLELISTENINGSKILLDACHILDPRODIGYALWAYSPRACTISEHISSKILLS2INPARAGRAPH3,THESENTENCE“GENIUSESDIDNTCOMENATURALLYTOTOMMYMCHUGH”MEANSTHAT_ATOMMYMCHUGHCOULDNOTBECALLEDAGENIUSBTOMMYMCHUGHBECAMEAGENIUSWHENHEWASYOUNGCTOMMYMCHUGHWASAROBOTBUTNOTAREALHUMANBEINGDTOMMYMCHUGHBECAMEAGENIUSAFTERASUDDENACCIDENT3THEWRITERPROVIDESDIFFERENTEXAMPLESTO_ASHOWHOWPEOPLECANBEGENIUSESBSHOWBECOMINGAGENIUSISEASYCSHOWGENIUSESARECOMMONDSHOWPEOPLEKNOWHOWTOEXPLAINGENIUSES4THEPASSAGEMAYCOMEFROM_AAREPORTBANOVELCATVPROGRAMDANEWSPAPER参考答案ADACC82013江西卷CMANYPEOPLETHINKTHATLISTENINGISAPASSIVEBUSINESSITISJUSTTHEOPPOSITELISTENINGWELLISANACTIVEEXERCISEOFOURATTENTIONANDHARDWORKITISBECAUSETHEYDONOTREALIZETHIS,ORBECAUSETHEYARENOTWILLINGTODOTHEWORK,THATMOSTPEOPLEDONOTLISTENWELLLISTENINGWELLALSOREQUIRESTOTALCONCENTRATIONUPONSOMEONEELSEANESSENTIALPARTOFLISTENINGWELLISTHERULEKNOWNASBRACKETINGBRACKETINGINCLUDESTHETEMPORARYGIVINGUPORSETTINGASIDEOFYOUROWNPREJUDICESANDDESIRES,TOEXPERIENCEASFARASPOSSIBLESOMEONEELSESWORLDFROMTHEINSIDE,STEPPING_INTO_HIS_OR_HER_SHOESMOREOVER,SINCELISTENINGWELLINVOLVESBRACKETING,ITALSOINVOLVESATEMPORARYACCEPTANCEOFTHEOTHERPERSONSENSINGTHISACCEPTANCE,THESPEAKERWILLSEEMQUITEWILLINGTOOPENUPTHEINNERPARTOFHISORHERMINDTOTHELISTENERTRUECOMMUNICATIONISUNDERWAYTHEENERGYREQUIREDFORLISTENINGWELLISSOGREATTHATITCANBEACCOMPLISHEDONLYBYTHEWILLTOEXTENDONESELFFORMUTUALGROWTHMOSTOFTHETIMEWELACKTHISENERGYEVENTHOUGHWEMAYFEELINOURBUSINESSDEALINGSORSOCIALRELATIONSHIPSTHATWEARELISTENINGWELL,WHATWEAREUSUALLYDOINGISLISTENINGSELECTIVELYOFTENWEHAVEAPREPAREDLISTINMINDANDWONDER,ASWELISTEN,HOWWECANACHIEVECERTAINDESIREDRESULTSTOGETTHECONVERSATIONOVERASQUICKLYASPOSSIBLEORREDIRECTEDINWAYSMORESATISFACTORYTOUSMANYOFUSAREFARMOREINTERESTEDINTALKINGTHANINLISTENING,ORWESIMPLYREFUSETOLISTENTOWHATWEDONTWANTTOHEARITWASNTUNTILTOWARDTHEENDOFMYDOCTORCAREERTHATIHAVEFOUNDTHEKNOWLEDGETHATONEISBEINGTRULYLISTENEDTOISFREQUENTLYTHERAPEUTIC有疗效的INABOUTAQUARTEROFTHEPATIENTSISAW,SURPRISINGIMPROVEMENTWASSHOWNDURINGTHEFIRSTFEWMONTHSOFTHEPSYCHOTHERAPY心理疗法,BEFOREANYOFTHEROOTSOFPROBLEMSHADBEENUNCOVEREDOREXPLAINEDTHEREARESEVERALREASONSFORTHISPHENOMENON,BUTCHIEFAMONGTHEM,IBELIEVE,WASTHEPATIENTSSENSETHATHEORSHEWASBEINGTRULYLISTENEDTO,OFTENFORTHEFIRSTTIMEINYEARS,ANDFORSOME,PERHAPSFORTHEFIRSTTIMEEVER66THEPHRASE“STEPPINGINTOHISORHERSHOES”INPARAGRAPH2PROBABLYMEANS_APREPARINGATOPICLISTFIRSTBFOCUSINGONONESOWNMINDCDIRECTINGTHETALKTOTHEDESIREDRESULTSDEXPERIENCINGTHESPEAKERSINSIDEWORLD67WHATISMAINLYDISCUSSEDINPARAGRAPH2AHOWTOLISTENWELLBWHATTOLISTENTOCBENEFITSOFLISTENINGDPROBLEMSINLISTENING68ACCORDINGTOTHEAUTHOR,INCOMMUNICATIONPEOPLETENDTO_ALISTENACTIVELYBLISTENPURPOSEFULLYCSETASIDETHEIRPREJUDICESDOPENUPTHEIRINNERMIND69ACCORDINGTOTHEAUTHOR,THEPATIENTSIMPROVEDMAINLYBECAUSE_ATHEYWERETAKENGOODCAREOFBTHEYKNEWTHEYWERETRULYLISTENEDTOCTHEYHADPARTNERSTOTALKTODTHEYKNEWTHEROOTSOFPROBLEMS70WHATTYPEOFWRITINGISTHEARTICLELIKELYTOBEASCIENCEFICTIONBANEWSREPORTCAMEDICALREPORTDPOPULARSCIENCE【要点综述】本文主要介绍了倾听的好处，并通过自己作为医生的亲身体验说明倾听对于病人来说是最好的疗法。66D考查词意猜测。由画线短语所在句前部分“TOEXPERIENCEASFARASPOSSIBLESOMEONEELSESWORLDFROMTHEINSIDE”可推出画线短语应该是“走进说话者的内心世界”的意思。67A考查段落大意。由第二段的内容以及第二段第一、二句“LISTENINGWELLALSOREQUIRESTOTALCONCENTRATIONUPONSOMEONEELSEANESSENTIALPARTOFLISTENINGWELLIS”可知此段主要讲述了如何才能听得好。68B考查细节理解。由第三段第二句“WHATWEAREUSUALLYDOINGISLISTENINGSELECTIVELY”可知在交流中我们倾向于有选择地也就是有目的地听。69B考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句“ONEISBEINGTRULYLISTENEDTOISFREQUENTLYTHERAPEUTIC有疗效的”可知真正被倾听是最有疗效的医治方法。70D考查推理判断。综观全文，本文主要说明了倾听的好处，故此篇文章应该属于通俗大众科普类文章。WORKYOURBRAINBETWEEN2AND3POUNDSOFWONDER，ITCONTROLSEVERYTHINGWESAY，DOORTHINK，WHOWEAREANDWHATWECAREABOUTTHEWAYWEWALKORLAUGHORFIGUREOUTTHINGSWHATWELIKEANDTHETALENTSWEPOSSESSHOWWESEEANDTALKANDRUNANDJUMPANDPROCESSOURFOODTHEBRAINUSES20PERCENTOFOURBODYSOXYGENAND20PERCENTOFITSBLOODSOMEWHEREWITHINITSPROTEIN，FAT,100,000MILESOFBLOODVESSELSAND100BILLIONNERVECELLS，ITHELPSUSREMEMBERWHEREWEPUTOURGYMSHOESCHANGEOURTEMPERATURESOWEDONTDIEBECAUSEOFTHEHEATORCOLDSPEEDUSUPORSLOWUSDOWNHELPUSCHOOSEBETWEENORANGEJUICEORORANGEFLAVOREDDRINKSITSINTRICACIES复杂性ARESTUNNING，FARBEYONDANYTHINGMOSTOFUSCANIMAGINETOKEEPTHISWORKOFARTASPOLISHED有光泽的ASPOSSIBLEWENEEDTOEATRIGHT，EXERCISEANDKEEPMENTALLYSTIMULATED刺激GOODNUTRITIONHELPSBRAINCELLSCOMMUNICATEWITHEACHOTHEREXERCISESTIMULATESAHORMONE荷尔蒙INOURBRAINTHATIMPROVESMEMORYMENTALSTIMULATIONKEEPSYOUSHARPEVENASYOUAGE“ITSVERYIMPORTANTTHATWETELLPEOPLETOBEPHYSICALLYACTIVEANDMENTALLYACTIVE，”SAIDNEUROLOGISTMALCOLMSTEWART“PEOPLECANNOTSTOPAGING，BUTYOUREABLETOREDUCETHEDAMAGE；YOUREABLETOKEEPTHEFUNCTIONUP”FOLLOWINGAREDRSTEWARTSADVICEFORIMPROVINGBRAINHEALTHNUTRITIONAVOIDFASTFOODFOLLOWTHEOLDADAGE格言，谚语FORBREAKFAST，EATLIKEAKING；FORLUNCH，LIKEAQUEEN；FORSUPPER，LIKEABEGGAREXERCISEDOACOMBINATIONOFSTRETCHINGAEROBICANDMUSCLESTRENGTHENINGEVERYDAYMENTALGAMESTRYTOHAVEASENSEOFHOPEABOUTTHEFUTUREDOPUZZLESLISTENTOMUSICREACHOUTTOOTHERSTOMAKETHEIRLIVESBETTER5THEPURPOSEOFTHEAUTHORINWRITINGTHISPASSAGEISTO_AINFORMUSHOWTHEBRAINWORKSBGIVEUSADVICEONHOWTOKEEPTHEBRAINHEALTHYCTELLUSTHATTHEBRAINPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEINOURLIVESDSHOWHOWSPECIALTHEBRAINISTOUS6THEWORD“STUNNING”INPARAGRAPH5MEANS_AINTERESTINGBSTRANGECSIGNIFICANTDAMAZING7ACCORDINGTOTHETEXT，MOREEXERCISE_AKEEPSOURMINDSHARPBHELPSIMPROVEOURMEMORYCGIVESOURBRAINARESTDISGOODFORBRAINCELLSCOMMUNICATINGWITHEACHOTHER8INORDERTOKEEPBRAINHEALTHY，WESHOULDAVOID_来源AEATINGAGOODLUNCHBDOINGPUZZLESCEATINGALARGESUPPERDTAKINGAEROBICEXERCISE参考答案BDBCTHEREPORTCAMETOTHEBRITISHONMAY21,1941THEGERMANBATTLESHIPBISMARCK,THEMOSTPOWERFULWARSHIPINTHEWORLD,WASMOVINGOUTINTOTHEATLANTICOCEANHERTASKTODESTROYTHESHIPSCARRYINGSUPPLIESFROMTHEUNITEDSTATESTOWARTORNENGLANDTHEBRITISHHADFEAREDSUCHATASKNOWARSHIPTHEYHADCOULDMATCHTHEBISMARCKINSPEEDORINFIREPOWERTHEBISMARCKHADEIGHT15INCHGUNSAND81SMALLERGUNSSHECOULDMOVEAT30NAUTICALMILES海里ANHOUR,SHEWASBELIEVEDTOBEUNSINKABLEHOWEVER,THEBRITISHHADTOSINKHERTHEYSENTOUTATASKFORCEHEADEDBYTHEIRBESTBATTLESHIPHOODTOHUNTDOWNTHEBISMARCKONMAY24,THEHOODFOUNDTHEBISMARCKITWASAMEETINGTHATTHEGERMANCOMMANDERLUETJENSDIDNOTWANTTOSEEHISORDERSWERETODESTROYTHEBRITISHSHIPSTHATWERECARRYINGSUPPLIES,BUTTOSTAYAWAYFROMAFIGHTWITHBRITISHWARSHIPSTHEBATTLEDIDNTLASTLONGTHEBISMARCKSFIRSTTORPEDO鱼雷HITTHEHOOD,WHICHWENTDOWNTAKINGALLBUTTHREEOFHER1,419MENWITHHERBUTINTHEFIGHT,THEBISMARCKWASSLIGHTLYDAMAGED（损坏）HERCOMMANDERDECIDEDTORUNFORREPAIRSTOFRANCE,WHICHHADATTHATTIMEBEENTAKENBYTHEGERMANSTHEBRITISHFORCEFOLLOWEDHERHOWEVER,BECAUSEOFTHEBISMARCKSSPEEDANDTHEHEAVYFOG,THEYLOSTSIGHTOFHERFORTWODAYS,EVERYBRITISHSHIPINTHEATLANTICTRIEDTOFINDTHEBISMARCK,BUTWITHNOSUCCESSFINALLY,SHEWASSIGHTEDBYAPLANEFROMIRELANDTRYINGTOSLOWTHEBISMARCKDOWNSOTHATTHEIRSHIPSCOULDCATCHUPWITHHER,THEBRITISHFIREDATHERFROMTHEAIRTHEBISMARCKWASHITONTHEMORNINGOFMAY27,THELASTBATTLEWASFOUGHTFOURBRITISHSHIPSFIREDONTHEBISMARCKANDSHEWASFINALLYSUNK9THEBISMARCKSAILEDINTOTHEATLANTICOCEAN_ATOSINKTHEHOODBTOGAINCONTROLOFFRANCECTOCUTOFFAMERICANSUPPLIESTOBRITAINDTOSTOPBRITISHWARSHIPSREACHINGGERMANY10MANYPEOPLEBELIEVEDTHATTHEBISMARCKCOULDNOTBEDEFEATEDBECAUSESHE_AWASFASTANDPOWERFULBHADMOREMENONBOARDCWASUNDERLUETJENSCOMMANDDHADBIGGERGUNSTHANOTHERSHIPS11WELEARNFROMTHETEXTTHATON24MAY_ATHEBRITISHWONTHEBATTLEAGAINSTTHEBISMARCKBTHEBISMARCKWONTHEBATTLEAGAINSTTHEBRITISHCTHEBRITISHGUNFIREDAMAGEDTHEBISMARCHSERIOUSLYDTHEBISMARCKSUCCEEDEDINKEEPINGAWAYFROMTHEBRITISH12WHICHOFTHEFOLLOWINGISTHEIMMEDIATECAUSEOFTHESINKINGOFTHEBISMARCKATHEBRITISHAIRSTRIKESBTHEDAMAGEDONEBYTHEHOODCGUNFIREFROMTHEBRITISHWARSHIPSDLUETJENSDECISIONTORUNFORFRANCE参考答案CABCC82013辽宁卷CHEREISANASTONISHINGANDSIGNIFICANTFACTMENTALWORKALONECANTMAKEUSTIREDITSOUNDSABSURDBUTAFEWYEARSAGO,SCIENTISTSTRIEDTOFINDOUTHOWLONGTHEHUMANBRAINCOULDLABORWITHOUTREACHINGASTAGEOFFATIGUE疲劳TOTHEAMAZEMENTOFTHESESCIENTISTS,THEYDISCOVEREDTHATBLOODPASSINGTHROUGHTHEBRAIN,WHENITISACTIVE,SHOWSNOFATIGUEATALLIFWETOOKADROPOFBLOODFROMADAYLABORER,WEWOULDFINDITFULLOFFATIGUETOXINS毒素ANDFATIGUEPRODUCTSBUTIFWETOOKBLOODFROMTHEBRAINOFANALBERTEINSTEIN,ITWOULDSHOWNOFATIGUETOXINSATTHEENDOFTHEDAYSOFARASTHEBRAINISCONCERNED,ITCANWORKASWELLANDSWIFTLYATTHEENDOFEIGHTOREVENTWELVEHOURSOFEFFORTASATTHEBEGINNINGTHEBRAINISTOTALLYTIRELESSSOWHATMAKESUSTIREDSOMESCIENTISTSDECLARETHATMOSTOFOURFATIGUECOMESFROMOURMENTALANDEMOTIONAL情感的ATTITUDESONEOFENGLANDSMOSTOUTSTANDINGSCIENTISTS,JAHADFIELD,SAYS,“THEGREATERPARTOFTHEFATIGUEFROMWHICHWESUFFERISOFMENTALORIGININFACT,FATIGUEOFPURELYPHYSICALORIGINISRARE”DRBRILL,AFAMOUSAMERICANSCIENTIST,GOESEVENFURTHERHEDECLARES,“ONEHUNDREDPERCENTOFTHEFATIGUEOFASITTINGWORKERINGOODHEALTHISDUETOEMOTIONALPROBLEMS”WHATKINDSOFEMOTIONSMAKESITTINGWORKERSTIREDJOYSATISFACTIONNOAFEELINGOFBEINGBORED,ANGER,ANXIETY,TENSENESS,WORRY,AFEELINGOFNOTBEINGAPPRECIATEDTHOSEARETHEEMOTIONSTHATTIRESITTINGWORKERSHARDWORKBYITSELF