2014年高考真题——英语（湖北卷）解析版1 word版

绝密启用前2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（湖北卷）英语本试题卷共16页，81题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。祝考试顺利注意事项1答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用统一提供的2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。2选择题的作答每小题选出答案后，用统一提供的2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3完成句子和短文写作题的作答用统一提供的签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题15分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例HOWMUCHISTHESHIRTA1915B915C918答案B1WHATISLINDAAAWRITERBASTUDENTCATEACHER2WHATISTHEMANAFRAIDOFAHAVINGANACCIDENTBMISSINGTHEINTERVIEWCSAYINGSOMETHINGWRONG3WHATDOESTHEWOMANWANTTODOATORETURNAJACKETBTOCHANGEAJACKETCTOBUYANOTHERJACKET4WHYDOESTHEMANFEELUPSETAAGUYSTOLEHISCLOTHESBHEFOUNDHISCLOTHESUGLYCSOMEONESAIDHEWASUGLY5WHATDOESTHEWOMANMEANASHEDISBELIEVESHERSONBSHEFEELSVERYSORRYFORHERSONCSHEWANTSHERSONTOUSEANEWKEY第二节（共15小题；每小题15分，满分225分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6WHYISNTJENNYATTHESTOREASHELEFTWORKEARLYBSHESLATEFORWORKCSHESBEENOUTOFWORK7HOWDOESTHEMANFEELABOUTJENNYAANGRYBCURIOUSCCONCERNED听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8WHATISLYINGONTHERAILWAYTRACKSAAMANBAROCKCATRUNK9WHATARETHESPEAKERSABOUTTODOATOMOVETHEROCKBTOWAVETHETSHIRTCTOFINDSOMETHINGRED听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10WHATDOESTHEMANWANTTOTALKABOUTALUCYSPOORHEALTHBLUCYSSCHOOLEDUCATIONCLUCYSWORKPERFORMANCE11WHATDIDTHECUSTOMERATTABLE4DOTHATANNOYEDLUCYAHEPRAISEDHERBHEMADEACOMPLAINTCHEORDEREDTHESPECIALOFFER12WHYISLUCYINLOWSPIRITSASHEHASNTMADEAPLANBSHEHASNTREALIZEDHERDREAMCSHEHASNTBECOMEAGOODWAITRESS听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13HOWDOESTHEWOMANTHINKMARKFEELSAANXIOUSBUNHAPPYCFRIGHTENED14WHATWASCATHERINEDOINGWHENTHESPEAKERSGOTHOMEAREADINGHERBOOKSBPLAYINGWITHHERFRIENDSCCHATTINGWITHTHEOPERATOR15WHATDOESTHEWOMANWANTTOENSUREAMARKCANPASSTHEEXAMBMARKCANHELPPEOPLEINNEEDCMARKCANAPPLYWHATHESLEARNED16WHATWILLTHESPEAKERSDOFORMARKAKEEPARECORDOFHISREACTIONSBCREATEANUNEXPECTEDSITUATIONCWRITEDOWNTHEIROWNEXPERIENCES听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17WHENDIDTHEMAGICIANFIRSTPERFORMPROFESSIONALLYAIN1964BIN1968CIN197218WHATMADETHEMAGICIANWORLDFAMOUSAHISTVSHOWBHISGLOBALTOURSCHISTEACHINGJOB19WHICHDOESTHEMAGICIANTHINKISHISGREATESTACHIEVEMENTAPROJECTMAGICBBOXOFFICERECORDSCTHEMAGICOFABC20HOWISTHEMAGICIANDIFFERENTFROMOTHERMAGICIANSAHEPRACTISESHARDBHEBELIEVESINWONDERCHESTARTEDHISCAREEREARLY第二部分词汇知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节多项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例TOMAKEMEMBERSOFATEAMPERFORMBETTER,THETRAINERFIRSTOFALLHASTOKNOWTHEIR_ANDWEAKNESSESASTRENGTHSBBENEFITSCTECHNIQUESDVALUES答案A21HER_FORWRITINGWASADESIREFORWOMENTOGETTHERIGHTTOHIGHEREDUCATIONAMOTIVATIONBQUALIFICATIONCTALENTDTECHNIQUE【答案】A【解析】MOTIVATION动机考查名词。译文他写作的动机是希望女性获得更高教育的机会。AMOTIVATION动机。与A项相关联的词是DESIRE。22WHENRICHARDSAID,“YOUAREMUCHMOREAGREEABLEANDPRETTIERNOW,”JOANSFACETURNEDREDATTHEUNEXPECTED_ACOMMANDBCOMPARISONCCOMPLIMENTDCONTRIBUTION【答案】C【解析】COMPLIMENT意思是恭维考查名词。译文当理查德说“你现在更友善和漂亮”时，简因为这意外的恭维而脸红。干扰项是B项。要看话语的意图，不能停留在形式上。23SEEINGTHEBIGCROWDCOMINGTOWARDSHIM,HESTARTEDTORUNDOWNTHEHILL,BUT_ANDWENTDOWNONHISHANDSANDKNEESINTHEMELTINGSNOWASLIPPEDBSKIEDCSIGNALLEDDSANK【答案】A【解析】SLIPPED滑到，考查动词。译文看见一大群人朝他过来，他开始望山下跑。但是他滑到了，手和膝盖磕在渐融的雪地上。24THEOLDRULESHAVETOBE_BECAUSETHEYONLYAPPLIEDTOTHECIRCUMSTANCESTHATEXISTEDWHENTHEYWEREMADEAHUNDREDYEARSAGOADEVELOPEDBESTABLISHEDCOBSERVEDDREVISED【答案】D【解析】REVISED修改，考查动词。译文老的规则要修改，因为他们只适用于一百多年前制定时所适用的状况。C项干扰项遵守。语义不合乎逻辑。25IVEBEENTRYINGTOPHONECHARLESALLEVENING,BUTTHEREMUSTBESOMETHINGWRONGWITHTHENETWORKICANTSEEMTO_AGETTHROUGHBGETOFFCGETINDGETALONG【答案】A【解析】GETTHROUGH接通电话，考查动词短语。译文一整晚上我都试图给查尔斯打电话，但是网络肯定出了故障我似乎不能接通电话。26ISTHISYOURNECKLACE,MARYI_ITWHENIWASCLEANINGTHEBATHROOMTHISMORNINGACAMEACROSSBDEALTWITHCLOOKEDAFTERDWENTFOR【答案】A【解析】COMEACROSS偶遇，意外发现，考查动词短语。译文玛丽这是你的项链吗今天早上我在清理浴室时意外发现它。DWENTFOR适用于。27WHATWASSO_ABOUTJASMINEWESTLANDSVICTORYWASTHATSHECAMEFIRSTINTHEMARATHONBAREFOOTEDAAWFULBESSENTIALCIMPRESSIVEDOBVIOUS【答案】C【解析】IMPRESSIVE留下深刻印象的，考查形容词。译文JASMINEWESTLANDS的成功令人印象深刻的是，她光着脚第一个冲过了马拉松的终点。WASIMPRESSIVEABOUT令人印象深刻的，类似的BESPECIALABOUT。28INSTEADOFBLAMINGTHECHILDWHOHADBROKENTHEVASE,SHEGAVEHIMA_SMILEANDLETHIMGOACAUTIOUSBGRATEFULCTOLERANTDWILD【答案】C【解析】TOLERANT宽容的，考查形容词。译文不但没有责备打破花瓶的那个孩子，相反她露出了宽容的微笑，让他走了。DWILD2013年出现在湖北省完型中，考的是副词WILDLY。29HARDLYHADSABRINAFINISHEDHERWORDSWHENALBERTSAID_,“DONTBESOMEAN,”POINTINGAFINGEROFWARNINGATHERADREADFULLYBGUILTILYCINDIRECTLYDSHARPLY【答案】D【解析】SHARPLY机敏地，尖刻地考查副词。译文SABRINA刚一说完，ALBERT就反唇相讥“别那么小气。”同时用威胁的手势指着她。30CHECKCARROTS,POTATOES,ONIONSANDANYOTHERVEGETABLES_ANDIMMEDIATELYUSEORTHROWAWAYANYWHICHSHOWSIGNSOFROTTINGAINDEMANDBINSTORECONLOANDONSALE【答案】B【解析】INSTORE储存，介词短语。译文检查胡萝卜、土豆、洋葱及其他储存的蔬菜，要马上吃或者把有腐烂迹象的蔬菜扔掉。CONLOAN借款。第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WHENOURRESTAURANTBUSINESSFAILED,WEHEADEDNORTHINACAMPINGTRUCKTOTEXAS,HOPINGTOHAVEA“FRESHSTART”ATTHE31OFPALODUROCANYON峡谷STATEPARK,I32AJOBADVERTISEMENTHIRINGPARKHOSTSTHEPOSITIONOFFEREDA33,PERMANENTCAMPSITEINTHEPARK,AND34,THEHOSTSSERVEDASALINKBETWEENTHEPARKSGUESTSANDTHERANGERS护林人ITWASTHEPERFECTSOLUTIONARENTFREEPLACETOREORGANIZEOURLIVESWEENTEREDTHEPARKANDIMADEAN35FORTHEFOLLOWINGDAYTHEPARKWAS36,SOITTOOKUSSOMETIMETOFINDANAVAILABLESITETHATEVENING,ASWEFINISHEDOURDINNER,MYWIFESAWTWOLARGESKUNKS臭鼬WALKINGTOWARDOURTABLEWE37CLIMBEDONTOTHETABLEAND,FORTHENEXTFOURHOURS,WAITEDFORTHEMTO38OURCAMPHAVINGSURVIVEDTHATNIGHT,WEWERE39THATEVERYTHINGELSEWOULDBEALLRIGHTTHENEXTDAYWEMETWITHTHEPEOPLEWHORANTHEPARKTHEYEXPLAINEDOUR40ANDGAVEUSABEAUTIFULCAMPSITETHATEVENING,41,WELEARNEDABOUTTHECANYON42THEYWERESTRONGANDCOLD,ROCKINGOURLITTLECAMPINGTRUCKVIOLENTLY,ANDWELAY43INTHEDARKUNTILTHEWINDSDIEDAWAY44THEWEEKSTHATFOLLOWED,WELEARNEDTOSURVIVEINOURTRUCKAND45THELITTLEMONEYMYWIFE46BYSUBSTITUTETEACHINGBUILDINGASUCCESSFULBUSINESSANDTHENLOSINGITHADLEFTVERYLITTLETIMEFORBUILDINGASUCCESSFUL47FORATIMEAFTEROURBUSINESS48ITHOUGHTIMIGHTLOSEMYFAMILYASWELLLIVINGINTHETINY49WITHNOTELEVISION,WESATCLOSETOGETHERREADINGANDTALKINGONEEVENING,STANDINGUNDERAJEWELEDSKY,IFOUNDMYSELF50FORALLTHEHARDSHIPSWEHADWALKEDTHETRAILSANDCLIMBEDTHECANYONWALLSWEHADBECOMEAFAMILY31ABACKBEDGECCENTREDENTRANCE32ASPONSOREDBPUBLISHEDCNOTICEDDANSWERED33ASAFEBFREECCONVENIENTDBEAUTIFUL34AINRETURNBINTIMECINSHORTDINTURN35AATTEMPTBAGREEMENTCAPPEALDAPPOINTMENT36ACROWDEDBDANGEROUSCIDEALDQUIET37AREPEATEDLYBIMMEDIATELYCEVENTUALLYDCALMLY38AATTACKBLEAVECPASSDSEARCH39ASATISFIEDBDETERMINEDCCONFIDENTDAWARE40ARESPONSIBILITIESBREQUIREMENTSCCIRCUMSTANCESDCONDITIONS41AMOREOVERBTHEREFORECMEANWHILEDHOWEVER42AWINDSBSNOWSCWOODSDTRAILS43ASHAKINGBQUARRELLINGCMOURNINGDACHING44AAFTERBBETWEENCDURINGDBEYOND45AGIVEAWAYBHANDOUTCLIVEONDPUTASIDE46ABORROWEDBEARNEDCPOSTEDDRAISED47ABUSINESSBCAREERCFAMILYDIMAGE48ASTARTEDBFAILEDCEXPANDEDDDECLINED49ATRUCKBPARKCHOUSEDCAMP50ADESPERATEBREADYCSUITABLEDTHANKFUL【答案】31D32C33B34A35D36A37B38B39C40A41D42A43A44C45C46B47C48B49A50D【解析】语篇选自一个发人深省的小故事，主人公先是事业受挫，在国家公园寻找新的开始过程中，通过亲身体验和反思，最终认识到家庭的重要性，重建了美好的家庭。31选DENTRANCE国家公园入口张贴广告，且第二段最后一句WEENTEREDTHEPARK为提示信息。32选CNOTICED注意到去德州在，路经PALODUROCANYON峡谷STATEPARK时的不经意中看到的。ASPONSORED资助，主人公生意失败，应该没多少钱出资。32选BFREE免费的下文提示。本段ITWASTHEPERFECTSOLUTIONARENTFREEPLACETOREORGANIZEOURLIVES划线处。34选AINRETURN作为回报。这个岗位给人们一份免费长期的野营地，作为交换，野营者们充当游客和护林人之间的纽带。35选DAPPOINTMENTMAKEANAPPOINTMENT预约的意思。与第五段THENEXTDAYWEMETWITHTHEPEOPLEWHORANTHEPARK相呼应。36选ACROWDED公园中有点拥挤所以主人公花了一段时间才找到可以落脚的位置。与下一句有因果关系。37选BIMMEDIATELY看见臭鼬来骚扰。主人公一家立即爬上桌子等了四个小时，直到他们离开。38选BLEAVE解析见上面一题。39选CCONFIDENT自信的主人公在熬过一夜后，坚信一切会好起来。40选ARESPONSIBILITIES责任。公园管理者想主人公说明了应尽的义务与上文第二段中THEHOSTSSERVEDASALINKBETWEENTHEPARKSGUESTSANDTHERANGERS呼应。41选DHOWEVER然而。主人公一家在公园里第一天是臭鼬的考验，第二晚是强风。表示一波未平一波又起。42选AWINDS与本段所写的遭遇有关。43选ASHAKING上文中THEYWERESTRONGANDCOLD,ROCKINGOURLITTLECAMPINGTRUCKVIOLENTLY,使我们的小野营车猛烈地摇晃，有提示。44选CDURING在期间考查介词。在接下来的几周内，主人公学会了在卡车上过日子并且以靠妻子做代课老师所挣的钱维持生计。不是指动作的先后。AAFTER干扰项。45选CLIVEON以为生，靠养活。解析见上面一题。46选BEARNED挣钱。解析见上面44题。47选CFAMILY与本段及全文主旨有关。主人公的生意先赢后亏使得他想建立一个成功的家庭所剩时间无几。失意后的一段时间他也想过回失去家庭。48选BFAILED失败。解析见上面一题。49选ATRUCK上文中就有所指。BPARK和DCAMP都与TINY不符合，文章的信息有提示。50选DTHANKFULONEEVENING,STANDINGUNDERAJEWELEDSKY,IFOUNDMYSELF50FORALLTHEHARDSHIPS。文章重在写心路历程和感悟，所遇挫折使他心存感恩之情。AJEWELEDSKY感情色彩有提示。第三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABEFOREIHADMYSON,ISPENTTWOYEARSWORKINGWITHCHILDRENWITHDISABILITIESILEARNEDTHATSHOUTINGANDTHREATSOFPUNISHMENTWOULDRESULTINADISASTERCOMINGUPAGAINSTTHEIRBEHAVIOURCOULDONLYMAKETHEJOBHARDERANDTHEIRBEHAVIOURMOREEXTREMEIFOUNDSOMETHINGTHATWORKED,THOUGHTHEREWASAVERYNAUGHTYBOYINTHENURSERYANDATEACHERWHOWASGENERALLYVERYCONFIDENTWITHTHECHILDRENWASASKEDTOTAKECHARGEOFHIMONEDAYTHEBOYJOINEDASESSIONINTHEROOMNEXTTOMINEHISAPPEARANCECREATEDANATMOSPHEREOFTENSIONHESPENTTHEENTIRESESSIONRUNNINGAROUND,HITTINGANDKICKING,ANDDESTROYINGPROPERTYIWASINTHECRAFTROOMWORKINGWITHSOMEOTHERCHILDRENWHENMYCOWORKERTOLDMETHATTHISBOYSTEACHERWASINTEARS,ANDCOULDNOTGETCONTROLOFTHESITUATIONASWEWERETALKING,THEBOYRANINITOLDMYCOWORKERTHATIWOULDTAKECAREOFHIMICLOSEDTHEDOORHEWASFULLOFENERGY,THROWINGTHINGSAROUNDANDMAKINGAHUGEMESSBUTICOULDSEETHATHEWASDOINGALLTHESETOANNOYMEHENEEDEDCONNECTION,ANDTHISWASTHEONLYWAYHEKNEWHOWTOASKFORITSOISATBACKDOWNANDKEPTQUIETTHENHESLOWEDDOWNANDBEGANMAKINGAROCKETITALKEDTOHIMABOUTITWECONTINUEDLIKETHISFORAFEWMINUTESBEFOREISLIPPEDINTOTHECONVERSATION“SOWHATHAPPENEDTODAY”ITWASPURELYAQUESTION,NOBLAMEORANGERINMYTONEIBELIEVETHATIFIHADCRITICIZEDHIM,THEGATETHATWASSLOWLYOPENINGWOULDHAVESHUTFIRMLYCLOSEDHETOLDMETHATTHETEACHERDIDNTLETHIMDOWHATHEKNEWWELLDUETOSAFETYBUTASKEDHIMTODOWHATHEDISLIKEDHEALSOADMITTEDTHATHEHADENJOYEDMAKINGHERRUNAROUNDANDSAWITASAGAMEIEXPLAINEDTHATHISTEACHERHADNOTSEENITASAGAMEANDWASVERYUPSETTHISAGAINWASSTATEDSIMPLYASAFACTISUGGESTEDTHATNEXTTIMEHEHADASESSION,HETALKABOUTWHATHEHOPEDTODOATTHESTART,WHICHMIGHTBEEASIERFOREVERYONEHEAGREEDANDWASQUIETFORAMOMENTTHENHELOOKEDATMEWITHTEARSINHISEYESBEFOREQUIETLYASKINGIFHECOULDGOTOFINDHISTEACHERTOAPOLOGIZE51THEBOYMADETROUBLEFORHISTEACHERBECAUSEHE_AWASACCUSEDOFDESTROYINGPROPERTYBWASTOLDNOTTOYELLATOTHERCHILDRENCWASMADETODOTHINGSAGAINSTHISWILLDWASBLAMEDFORCREATINGANAIROFTENSION52WHYDIDNTTHEAUTHORDOANYTHINGABOUTTHEBOYSBADBEHAVIORATFIRSTASHEDIDNTWANTTOMAKEITWORSEBSHEDIDNTMINDTHEHUGEMESSATALLCSHEWASTIREDOFSHOUTINGANDTHREATSDSHEHADNTTHOUGHTOFACOPINGSTRATEGY53THEAUTHORMANAGEDTOGETTHEBOYTOTALKTOHERBY_APLAYINGGAMESWITHHIMBGIVINGHIMAGOODSUGGESTIONCDESCRIBINGHISTEACHERSFEELINGSDAVOIDINGMAKINGCRITICALREMARKS54WHYDIDTHEBOYHAVETEARSINHISEYESINTHEENDAHEWASSORRYABOUTHISREPUTATIONBHEWASREGRETFULABOUTHISBEHAVIORCHEWASFEARFULOFTHEAUTHORSWARNINGDHEWASSADFORTHEAUTHORSMISUNDERSTANDING【答案】51C52A53D54B【解析】教育类，问题少年的教育转化。51C最后一段中HETOLDMETHATTHETEACHERDIDNTLETHIMDOWHATHEKNEWWELLDUETOSAFETYBUTASKEDHIMTODOWHATHEDISLIKED细节理解。52A第四段中HENEEDEDCONNECTION,ANDTHISWASTHEONLYWAYHEKNEWHOWTOASKFORIT可以根据文章排除三项。细节推理。53D见第四段最后一句，第五段第一句。细节推理。54B最后一段最后一句。细节理解。BLONDONSNEWESTSKYSCRAPER摩天大楼ISCALLEDTHESHARDANDITCOSTABOUT430MILLIONPOUNDSTOBUILDATAHEIGHTOFALMOST310METRES,ITISTHETALLESTBUILDINGINEUROPETHESHARDHASCOMPLETELYCHANGEDTHEAPPEARANCEOFLONDONHOWEVER,NOTEVERYONETHINKSTHATITISACHANGEFORTHEBETTERTHESHARDWASDESIGNEDBYTHEFAMOUSITALIANARCHITECTRENZOPIANOWHENHEBEGANDESIGNINGTHESHARDFORLONDON,PIANOWANTEDAVERYTALLBUILDINGTHATLOOKEDLIKEASPIRE尖顶HEWANTEDTHEGLASSSURFACESTOREFLECTTHESKYANDTHECITYTHESIDESOFTHEBUILDINGARENTREGULARSOTHEBUILDINGHASANUNUSUALSHAPEITLOOKSLIKEAVERYTHIN,SHARPPIECEOFBROKENGLASSANDTHATISHOWTHEBUILDINGGOTTHENAMETHESHARDPIANOSAYSTHATTHESPIRESHAPEOFTHESHARDISPARTOFAGREATLONDONTRADITIONTHESHAPEREMINDSHIMOFTHESPIRESOFTHECHURCHESOFLONDONORTHETALLMASTS桅杆OFTHESHIPSTHATWEREONCEONTHERIVERTHAMESTHESHARDHAS87FLOORSATTHETOP,THEREISANOBSERVATORYATTHEMOMENTTHEBUILDINGISEMPTY,BUTEVENTUALLYTHEREWILLBEAFIVESTARHOTELTHEREWILLALSOBETOPQUALITYRESTAURANTS,APARTMENTSANDOFFICESBEFOREBUILDINGWORKBEGAN,ALOTOFPEOPLEDIDNTWANTTHESHARDTHOUGHTHEPLANSWEREAPPROVEDNOWTHEYARESTILLUNHAPPYABOUTTHESHARDSOMECRITICSSAYTHATSUCHATALLSKYSCRAPERMIGHTBEGOODINACITYLIKENEWYORK,BUTNOTINLONDONTHEYSAYTHATTHEBESTTHINGABOUTTHESHARDISITSSPIRESHAPEBUTTHATISTHEONLYTHINGTHEREISNODECORATION,ONLYFLATSURFACESTHEEGYPTIANSDIDTHAT4,500YEARSAGOTHEYALSOTHINKTHESHARDISTOOBIGFORLONDONITDESTROYSTHEBEAUTYOFTHECITYOTHERCRITICSDONTLIKEWHATTHESHARDSEEMSTOREPRESENTTHEYSAYTHATTHESHARDSHOWSHOWLONDONISBECOMINGMOREUNEQUALONLYVERYRICHPEOPLECANAFFORDTOBUYTHEEXPENSIVEPRIVATEAPARTMENTSANDSTAYINTHEHOTELBUTTHEPEOPLEWHOLIVENEARTHESHARDAREAMONGTHEPOORESTINLONDONSOTHESHARDSEEMSASYMBOLOFTHEDIVISIONINSOCIETYBETWEENTHEVERYRICHANDTHEPOORTHESHARDNOWDOMINATESTHELONDONSKYLINEITISNOTCERTAIN,HOWEVER,THATORDINARYLONDONCITIZENSWILLEVERACCEPTITASAVALUABLEADDITIONTOTHECITY55LONDONSNEWESTSKYSCRAPERISCALLEDTHESHARDBECAUSEOF_AITSCOSTBITSSIZECITSSHAPEDITSHEIGHT56WHENHEDESIGNEDTHESHARD,PIANOWANTEDITTO_ACHANGELONDONSSKYLINEBINHERITLONDONSTRADITIONCIMITATETHEEGYPTIANSTYLEDATTRACTPOTENTIALVISITORS57THECRITICSWHOREFERTOSOCIALDIVISIONTHINKTHESHARD_AISONLYPREFERREDBYTHERICHBISINTENDEDFORWEALTHYPEOPLECISFARAWAYFROMTHEPOORAREADISPOPULARONLYWITHLONDONERS58WHICHWOULDBETHEBESTTITLEFORTHEPASSAGEATHESHARDCHEERSANDCLAPSBTHESHARDWORKOFAGREATARCHITECTCTHESHARDNEWSYMBOLOFLONDONDTHESHARDACHANGEFORTHEBETTER【答案】55C56B57B58D【解析】建筑艺术类，评论家对伦敦新地标的褒贬不一的意见。55C第二段SOTHEBUILDINGHASANUNUSUALSHAPEITLOOKSLIKEAVERYTHIN,SHARPPIECEOFBROKENGLASSANDTHATISHOWTHEBUILDINGGOTTHENAMETHESHARD细节理解。56B第二段PIANOSAYSTHATTHESPIRESHAPEOFTHESHARDISPARTOFAGREATLONDONTRADITION细节理解。57B第五段ONLYVERYRICHPEOPLECANAFFORDTOBUYTHEEXPENSIVEPRIVATEAPARTMENTSANDSTAYINTHEHOTEL细节理解。58D问题是新闻报道对第一段信息级全文的概括。标题与全文充满争议的话题一致。SOTHESHARDSEEMSASYMBOLOFTHEDIVISIONINSOCIETYBETWEENTHEVERYRICHANDTHEPOOR此句可帮助排除C项。主旨及标题。CWORKINGWITHAGROUPOFBABOONS狒狒INTHENAMIBIANDESERT,DRALECIACARTEROFTHEDEPARTMENTOFZOOLOGY,CAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYSETBABOONSLEARNINGTASKSINVOLVINGANOVELFOODANDAFAMILIARFOODHIDDENINABOXSOMEBABOONSWEREGIVENTHECHANCETOWATCHANOTHERBABOONWHOALREADYKNEWHOWTOSOLVETHETASK,WHILEOTHERSHADTOLEARNFORTHEMSELVESTOWORKOUTHOWBRAVEORANXIOUSTHEBABOONSWERE,DRCARTERPRESENTEDTHEMEITHERWITHANOVELFOODORATHREATINTHEFORMOFAMODELOFAPOISONOUSSNAKESHEFOUNDTHATPERSONALITYHADAMAJORIMPACTONLEARNINGTHEBRAVERBABOONSLEARNT,BUTTHESHYONESDIDNOTLEARNTHETASKALTHOUGHTHEYWATCHEDTHEBABOONPERFORMTHETASKOFFINDINGTHENOVELFOODJUSTASLONGASTHEBRAVEONESDIDINEFFECT,DESPITEBEINGMADEAWAREOFWHATTODO,THEYWERESTILLTOOSHYTODOWHATTHEEXPERIENCEDBABOONDIDTHESAMEHELDTRUEFORANXIOUSBABOONSCOMPAREDWITHCALMONESTHEANXIOUSINDIVIDUALSLEARNTTHETASKBYOBSERVINGOTHERSWHILETHOSEWHOWERERELAXEDDIDNOT,EVENTHOUGHTHEYSPENTMORETIMEWATCHINGTHISMISMATCHBETWEENCOLLECTINGSOCIALINFORMATIONANDUSINGITSHOWSTHATPERSONALITYPLAYSAKEYROLEINSOCIALLEARNINGINANIMALS,SOMETHINGTHATHASPREVIOUSLYBEENIGNOREDINSTUDIESONHOWANIMALSLEARNTODOTHINGSTHEFINDINGSARESIGNIFICANTBECAUSETHEYSUGGESTTHATANIMALSMAYPERFORMPOORLYINCOGNITIVE认知的TASKSNOTBECAUSETHEYARENTCLEVERENOUGHTOSOLVETHEM,BUTBECAUSETHEYARETOOSHYORNERVOUSTOUSETHESOCIALINFORMATIONTHEFINDINGSMAYIMPACTHOWWEUNDERSTANDTHEFORMATIONOFCULTUREINSOCIETIESTHROUGHSOCIALLEARNINGIFSOMEINDIVIDUALSAREUNABLETOGETINFORMATIONFROMOTHERSBECAUSETHEYDONTASSOCIATEWITHTHEKNOWLEDGEABLEINDIVIDUALS,ORTHEYARETOOSHYTOUSETHEINFORMATIONONCETHEYHAVEIT,INFORMATIONMAYNOTTRAVELBETWEENALLGROUPMEMBERS,PREVENTINGTHEFORMATIONOFACULTUREBASEDONSOCIALLEARNING59WHATISTHEFIRSTPARAGRAPHMAINLYABOUTATHEDESIGNOFDRCARTERSRESEARCHBTHERESULTSOFDRCARTERSRESEARCHCTHEPURPOSEOFDRCARTERSRESEARCHDTHESIGNIFICANCEOFDRCARTERSRESEARCH60ACCORDINGTOTHERESEARCH,WHICHBABOONSAREMORELIKELYTOCOMPLETEANEWLEARNINGTASKATHOSETHATHAVEMOREEXPERIENCEBTHOSETHATCANAVOIDPOTENTIALRISKSCTHOSETHATLIKETOWORKINDEPENDENTLYDTHOSETHATFEELANXIOUSABOUTLEARNING61WHICHBESTILLUSTRATESTHE“MISMATCH”MENTIONEDINPARAGRAPH4ASOMEBABOONSAREINTELLIGENTBUTSLOWINLEARNINGBSOMEBABOONSARESHYBUTACTIVEINSOCIALACTIVITIESCSOMEBABOONSOBSERVEOTHERSBUTDONTFOLLOWTHEMDSOMEBABOONSPERFORMNEWTASKSBUTDONTCONCENTRATE62DRCARTERSFINDINGSINDICATETHATOURCULTUREMIGHTBEFORMEDTHROUGH_ASTORINGINFORMATIONBLEARNINGFROMEACHOTHERCUNDERSTANDINGDIFFERENTPEOPLEDTRAVELLINGBETWEENSOCIALGROUPS【答案】59A60D61C62B【解析】环境生命类，动物行为研究折射人类文化的形成。59A第一段主要DRCARTERS如何设计她的研究，其方法有针对性。A项的中心词是DESIGN。60D第三段中THEANXIOUSINDIVIDUALSLEARNTTHETASKBYOBSERVINGOTHERSWHILETHOSEWHOWERERELAXEDDIDNOT,此处ANXIOUS是渴望的意思。61C第四段最后一句NOTBECAUSETHEYARENTCLEVERENOUGHTOSOLVETHEM,BUTBECAUSETHEYARETOOSHYORNERVOUSTOUSETHESOCIALINFORMATION与MISMATCH是例证的关系。62B最后一段研究结果对我们如何理解人类文化形成是通过社会学习来实现的这一观念产生影响。SOCIALLEARNING即个体间的学习。DYOUVEFLOWNHALFWAYAROUNDTHEWORLDYOUVESNIFFEDOUTTHISPLACETHATNOBODYINFALONGLANDORTHAILANDSEEMSTOHAVEEVERHEARDOFSOWHATONEARTHISTHERETODOHEREYOUCONSIDERTHISQUESTIONASYOUSINKINTOANOLDWOODENBEACHCHAIRTHATHOLDSYOUABOVETHESANDITWASALONGJOURNEYFROMBANGKOKTOHUAPLEEBYTHETIMEYOUFOUNDTHEBUSSTATIONANDGOTYOURSELFSORTEDOUT,ITTOOKALMOSTASLONGASTHEFLIGHTFROMFALONGLANDHUAPLEEISLOCATEDJUSTSOUTHOFHUAHIN,ABOUTTWOHUNDREDKILOMETRESFROMBANGKOK,DOWNTHEWESTSIDEOFTHEGULFOFTHAILANDNOTMANYTOURISTSFINDTHISPLACE,ANDTHEONESTHATDOWONDERIFFINDINGITHASBEENTHEIRPURPOSEALLALONGTHERESANAPPARENTLAZINESSTHATSURROUNDSYOUHEREITSWHATTHISPLACEOFFERS,ANDITSFREEOFCHARGETHESMALLWAVESTHATTAPTHESHORELINESEEMTOSLOWEVERYTHINGDOWNYOUSETTLEINTOYOURBEACHCHAIRINPREPARATIONFORALONGRESTYOUSITTHEREANDWATCHTHESEAITSEARLYAFTERNOON,SOTHECOOKCOMESOUTANDASKSWHATYOUDLIKETOEATTHISEVENINGBEFORELONGHESRUSHEDOFFTOTHEMARKETTOBUYTHEINGREDIENTSFORWHATEVERITWASTHATYOUORDEREDEVERYMEALFRESHANDTOORDERNOMENUHERETHEREISNOPOOLSIDENOISEHEREBUTJUSTTHATWONDERFULLYWARM,CLEARBLUESEATHERESNOSTREETNOISETHEONLYSOUNDSARETHEMURMURSOFNATUREFORNOWYOUJUSTCOUNTYOURBLESSINGS福祉,LISTINGTHEMINTHESANDWITHYOURTOE脚趾YOUDONTHAVETOWORRYABOUTBEINGLATEFORWORKYOUDONTHAVETODOANYTHINGTHEBEACHTOYOURRIGHTSTRETCHESOFFTOTHEHORIZON地平线,SLOWLYNARROWINGTONOTHINGNESSONLYTOREEMERGEAGAINONYOURLEFT,NOWSTEADILYWIDENINGUNTILITCOVERSTHECHAIRBENEATHYOUSANDTOYOURLEFTANDSANDTOYOURRIGHTITSUNBROKEN,ENDLESSNOSTART,NOEND,JUSTSAND,SUN,ANDPEACESTEPOFFIT,ANDYOUREENTERTHEWORLDOFTRAFFIC,STRESS,WORK,ANDHURRYNORMALLYYOURETHETYPEWHOCANTSITSTILLFORMORETHANTENMINUTES,BUTYOUREONHUAPLEELAZYBEACHNOWAND,INTHERIGHTFRAMEOFMIND,ITSTRETCHESALLTHEWAYAROUNDTHEWORLD“HOWCOULDITTAKEMESOLONGT