一般过去时be动词用法

LESSON1EXCUSEME词汇11EXCUSEV原谅MEPRON我（宾格）YESADV是的ISVBE动词现在时第三人称单数THISPRON这YOURPOSSESSIVEADJECTIVE你的，你们的HANDBAGN（女用）手提包PARDONINT原谅，请再说一遍ITPRON它THANKYOU感谢你（们）VERYMUCH非常地EXCUSEME1、引起对方注意时2、常用于与陌生人搭话，打断别人的说话或从别人身边挤过，或在某个聚会中突然中途要离开一会儿时EXCUSEUSFORAMOMENT对不起，让我们单独聊会。SORRY对不起，用于对别人有伤害时MEPRON我（宾格）人称代词主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词IMEMYMINEHEHIMHISHISSHEHERHERHERSITITITSITSYOUYOUYOURYOURS主格用在句首，作主语宾格在动词、介词之后形容词性的物主代词不能单独使用名词性物主代词只能单独使用ISVBE动词现在时第三人称单数BE动词AM、IS、AREIAMSHE/HE/ITISYOU/WE/THEYAREPARDONINT原谅，请再说一遍PARDON/IBEGYOURPARDON请求对方把刚才讲过的话重复一遍。语法含有BE动词的陈述句、否定句和一般疑问句含有BE动词的任何句子,否定句就是在BE动词后面加NOT；如果变一般疑问句，就把BE动词提前到句子的前面。课文EXCUSEMEYESISTHISYOURHANDBAGPARDONISTHISYOURHANDBAGYES,ITISTHANKYOUVERYMUCHLESSON2ISTHISYOUR词汇10PENN钢笔PENCILN铅笔BOOKN书WATCHN手表COATN上衣，外衣DRESSN连衣裙SKIRTN裙子SHIRTN衬衣CARN小汽车HOUSEN房子DRESSN连衣裙；套裙N服装，衣服CASUALDRESS便服EVENINGDRESS晚礼服HOUSEN房子HOUSE房子，一般指独立的院落，更具体的指房子的建筑，结构FAMILY侧重家庭的成员THEREAREFOURPEOPLEINMYFAMILY在我家里有四口人。HOME抽象的家的概念HOMEROAD我的父亲母亲LESSON3SORRY,SIR词汇10UMBRELLAN伞PLEASEINT请HEREADV这里MYPOSSESSIVEADJECTIVE我的TICKETN票NUMBERN号码FIVENUM五SORRYADJ对不起的SIRN先生CLOAKROOMN衣帽存放处HEREADV这里地点副词（在英语中，时间副词、地点副词的前面不能加介词）HERE这里THERE那儿HOME家（副词，名词）ABROAD国外DOWNSTAIRS楼底下UPSTAIRS楼上DOWNTOWN市中心FIVENUM五ONE，TWO，THREE，FOUR，FIVE，SIR，SEVEN，EIGHT，NINE，TENSIRN先生对不相识的男子、年长者或上级的尊称WHATCANIDOFORYOU,SIR先生，您要买什么SIR通常用于正式信函开头的称呼DEARSIRSIR可用于有爵士称号者的名字或姓名前，但不用于姓氏前。MADAM女士，夫人MR先生MRS夫人（已婚的）MISS小姐，一般用于指末婚女子，不过在不知道对方是否已婚时也可使用（两种发音MIS已婚未婚均可；MIZ即不愿意被称为已婚，又不愿意被称为未婚）MISTER加在男性的姓氏前面GENTLEMAN绅士，对男性比较有礼貌的称呼，在公众场合最得体的称呼LADY女士LADIESANDGENTLEMENLADYFIRSTGUY在美国英语中对男性一种不正式的称呼，家伙BOY在美语中不正式的称呼GIRL女孩MALE男性FEMALE女性MAN男人WOMAN妇女语法祈使句祈使句主语通常不直接表示出来，其谓语动词用原型，也叫无主句。表示命令、请求、建议、叮嘱等。祈使句真正的主语是你，但省略了。MYUMBRELLAANDMYCOATPLEASE省略了动词和间接宾语的祈使句。KEEPOFFTHEGRASS请勿践踏草地HELPYOURSELF请自己动手某些祈使动词可以后跟AND和另一个祈使动词，而不是后跟带TO的动词不定式结构。COMEANDSEETHISGOLDFISHGOANDBUYYOURSELFANEWPAIROFSHOES去给自己买双新鞋吧。WAITANDSEE等着瞧吧。倒装句HEREIS是简单的倒装句，BE动词放在HERE的后面，这个句式就可以成为简单的倒装句式。MYTICKETISHERE我的票在这。HEREISMYTICKET/HERESMYTICKET课文MYCOATANDMYUMBRELLAPLEASEHEREISMYTICKETTHANKYOU,SIRNUMBERFIVEHERESYOURUMBRELLAANDYOURCOATTHISISNOTMYUMBRELLASORRY,SIRISTHISYOURUMBRELLANO,ITISNTISTHISITYES,ITISTHANKYOUVERYMUCHLESSON4ISTHISYOUR词汇5SUITN一套衣服SCHOOLN学校TEACHERN老师SONN儿子DAUGHTERN女儿LESSON5NICETOMEETYOU词汇14MR先生GOODADJ好MORNINGN早晨MISS小姐NEWADJ新的STUDENTN学生FRENCHADJADV非常，很ENOUGH足够GOODENOUGHSOGOOD,VERYGOOD4、频率副词ALWAYS,SOMETIMES,USUALLY,OFTEN,EVER,NEVER放在BE动词之后，行为动词之前；助动词和行为动词之间。表示强调则可放在句首或句末。5、方式副词形容词的作用放在名词前面起修饰限定的作用；放在BE动词后面起叙述作用。副词的作用起修饰动词的作用。SVI方式副词SVTO（宾语）方式副词副词的构成1、ADJLY2、以辅音字母Y结尾的形容词，变Y为I，再加Y3、形容词和副词同形LATELATEWELLWELLHARDHARDLATELY最近SHEISALWAYSLATE（ADJ）SHEARRIVESHOMELATE（ADV）LESSON75UNCOMFORTABLESHOES词汇（6）AGOADV以前BUYBOUGHV买PAIRN双，对FASHIONN（服装的）流行式样UNCOMFORTABLEADJ不舒服的WEARWOREV穿着AGOADV以前AGO用于一般过去时；从现在的以前IWENTTOLONDONTHREEDAYSAGOSHELEFT30MINUTESAGOLONGLONGAGO,THERELIVEDAKINGBEFORE只能用于过去完成式；是从过去的某一点算起BEFOREIARRIVEDATTHESTATIONYESTERDAY,THETRAINHADALREADYLEFTBUYV买BUYBUYSBOUGHTIBUYANEWBOOKEVERYWEEKMYSISTERBUYSANEWDRESSEVERYWEEKIBOUGHTACOATINPARISLASTMONTHSELL卖RETAIL零售PURCHASE正式的购买，大宗购物MARKETN市场,V销售MARKETINGMANAGER市场经理、销售经理GET得到（口语）FASHIONN（服装的）流行式样FASHIONABLE时尚BEINFASHION是流行的THEYARENOTINFASHIONTHISYEARBEOUTOFFASHION不流行SMART巧妙，时髦UNCOMFORTABLEADJ不舒服的ADJ不舒服的SHEFEELSUNCOMFORTABLEINTIGHTBOOTSADJ不安的；不自在的YOULLHAVEANUNCOMFORTABLEFEELINGIFYOUSITTHEREALONEHEOFTENFEELSUNCOMFORTABLEWITHSTRANGERSADJ令人不舒服的，不舒适的THISPAIROFSHOESLOOKVERYUNCOMFORTABLECOMFORT安慰，舒适COMFORTABLEADJ舒服的、舒适的WEARV穿着WEAR/WEARS/WORE/WEARINGIWEARTHESAMECOATSEVERYDAYHEWEARSATIEEVERYDAYTHELADYISWEARINGABEAUTIFULDRESSV穿着；戴着；佩带着LOOKATTHEBEAUTIFULSILKSCARFSHESWEARINGSHENEVERWEARSPERFUME她从不用香水。V面带；呈现；保持HESWEARINGACHEERFULSMILEHEWEARSHISDIGNITYEVENINGREATADVERSITY他即使身处逆境也仍保持着自己的尊严。WEAR表穿着的状态THATGIRLWEARSAPINKSHIRTEVERYDAYPUTON表穿上的动作PLEASEPUTONYOURCOATBEDRESSEDIN穿着衣服，侧重打扮的意味DRESSSB给某人打扮，穿衣服MYMOTHERMUSTDRESSMYBROTHEREVERYDAYTHELADYWASDRESSEDINAFUNNYCOATANDALARGEHATATTHEPARTYLASTNIGHTIN颜色穿颜色的衣服AGIRLINWHITEHAVEON表状态THEEMPERORHASNOTHINGON语法宾语从句名词性从句分为三种表语从句、主语从句、宾语从句。宾语从句是名词性从句的一类，在主从复合句中，由一个句子来充当宾语，就是宾语从句。一般是名词或代词做宾语，宾语一般是跟在动词或介词后IWANTANAPPLEINFRONTOFTHEWINDOW；SOMEOFTHEM主从复合句主语从句，表语从句，定语从句，状语从句，宾语从句宾语从句跟在两类词后1、表示人的情感或心理活动的形容词SBEADJ宾语从句AFRAID/SURE/SORRY/GLAD/ANXIOUS/CONFIDENT/PROUD主句和宾语从句中有THAT连接，后边加句子。当主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态。IAMAFRAIDTHATICANTCOMETOMORROWIAMSORRYTHATIDIDNTGOYESTERDAYIAMGLADTHATYOUCANHELPTHEM2、SVTHAT从句THINK/KNOW/BELIEVE/SAY/HOPE/UNDERSTAND主语（人）这类动词THAT从句SHEKNOWSTHATYOUWILLCOMEIBELIEVEICANFLY课文LADYDOYOUHAVEANYSHOESLIKETHESESHOPASSISTANTWHATSIZELADYSIZEFIVESHOPASSISTANTWHATCOLOURLADYBLACKSHOPASSISTANTIMSORRYWEDONTHAVEANYLADYBUTMYSISTERBOUGHTTHISPAIRLASTMONTHSHOPASSISTANTDIDSHEBUYTHEMHERELADYNO,SHEBOUGHTTHEMINTHEUSSHOPASSISTANTWEHADSOMESHOESLIKETHOSEAMONTHAGO,BUTWEDONTHAVEANYNOWLADYCANYOUGETAPAIRFORME,PLEASESHOPASSISTANTIMAFRAIDTHATICANTTHEYWEREINFASHIONLASTYEARANDTHEYEARBEFORELASTBUTTHEYRENOTINFASHIONTHISYEARTHESESHOESAREINFASHIONNOWLADYTHEYLOOKVERYUNCOMFORTABLESHOPASSISTANTTHEYAREVERYUNCOMFORTABLEBUTWOMENALWAYSWEARUNCOMFORTABLESHOESLESSON77TERRIBLETOOTHACHE词汇（3）APPOINTMENTN约会，预约URGENTADJ紧急的，急迫的TILLPREP直至为止APPOINTMENTN约会，预约HAVEANAPPOINTMENTWITHSB（与某人）有约会ONCEYOUVEMAKEANAPPOINTMENT,YOUSHOULDTRYTOKEEPIT一旦你定好约会的事情，那么你应努力守约。MAKEANAPPOINTMENTCHANGEANAPPOINTMENTWHENWILLITBECONVENIETFORYOUAPPOINTV分配；认命APPOINTED被任命的APPOINTER委派者，任命者APPOINTEE被任命者APPOINTMENT约会，任命，普通约会HAVEAAPPOINTMENTWITHSB和某人有个预约DATE男女情人之间的约会URGENTADJ紧急的，急迫的ADJ紧迫的；急迫的THECHILDRENINTHATAREAAREINURGENTNEEDOFMEDICALATTENTION那个地区的孩子们急需得到医疗方面的关注。ADJ催促的；坚持要求的THECRIESANDSHOUTSBECAMELOUDERANDMOREURGENT课文NURSEGOODMORNING,MRCROFTMRCROFTGOODMORNING,NURSEIWANTTOSEETHEDENTIST,PLEASENURSEDOYOUHAVEANAPPOINTMENTMRCROFTNO,IDONTNURSEISITURGENTMRCROFTYES,ITISITSVERYURGENTIFEELAWFULIHAVEATERRIBLETOOTHACHENURSECANYOUCOMEAT10AMONMONDAY,APRIL24THMRCROFTIMUSTSEETHEDENTISTNOW,NURSENURSETHEDENTISTISVERYBUSYATTHEMOMENTCANYOUCOMEAT2PMMRCROFTTHATSVERYLATECANTHEDENTISTSEEMENOWNURSEIMAFRAIDTHATHECANT,MRCROFTCANTYOUWAITTILLTHISAFTERNOONMRCROFTICANWAIT,BUTMYTOOTHACHECANT课文注释1、IWANTTOSEETHEDENTIST,PLEASEIWANTTOSEESB,PLEASE这一句式是表示想见某人时常用的句式之一。2、CANYOUCOMEAT10AMONMONDAY,APRIL24THCANYOUCOMEAT这一句式通常用来约定见面时间。英语中的时间次序一般是从小到大。AM（ANTEMERIDIEM）上午，有时写成AM或AM；下午则是PM（POSTMERIDIEM），有时写成PM或PM。3、CANTYOUWAITTILLTHISAFTERNOON情态动词的否定疑问句，表示请求。LESSON79CAROLSSHOPPINGLIST词汇（7）SHOPPINGN购物LISTN单子VEGETABLEN蔬菜NEEDV需要HOPEV希望THINGN事情MONEYN钱SHOPPINGN购物GOSHOPPINGDOSOMESHOPPINGSHOPPINGCENTER购物中心SHOPPINGMALL商业街区MAKEASHOPPINGLIST制作购物清单NEEDV需要V需要DOESHENEEDTOKNOWN需要（物）；必要THEREISNONEEDOFWORRYING不必担心。THERESAGROWINGNEEDOFNEWHOUSINGINMANYCITIES许多城市正面临着对新建房屋的不断增长的需求。WEDONTHAVEANYURGENTNEEDFORMONEYHOPEV希望V希望；盼望；期待HOPETODOSTHIHOPETOSTUDYABROADNEXTYEARHOPETHATIHOPETHATI/YOUSTUDYABROADNEXTYEARN希望，期望；指望WEAREFULLOFHOPEFORTHEFUTUREWHERETHEREISLIFE,THEREISHOPE留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。N期望着的事；被寄予希望的人HISHOPEISTHATHISSONWILLGETMARRIEDANDSETTLEDOWNSOON他所希望的是他儿子能早点结婚，安顿下来。HEISAYOUNGMANOFGENIUS,THEHOPEOFRUSSIANPOETRY他是一位年轻的天才，是俄罗斯诗歌的希望所在。WISH不真实的一些东西，只是一些希望BESTWISHESHAVEGOTHAVEIHAVEGOTSOMEFRIENDSIHAVENTGOTANYFRIENDS语法MUST与NEEDMUST表示“必须，应当”YOUMUSTNTMAKEANOISE你不该弄出噪音来MUSTICALLTHEDOCTOR我必须请大夫吗NEED做情态动词时，NEED表示“需要”、“必须”，作助动词时多用于疑问句和否定句，没有时态，人称、数格的变化，可以直接加否定形式。不能单独做谓语，后边加动词原形。NEED动词原形NEED是情态动词NEEDIMAKEANAPPOINTMENT我需要约一下时间吗YOUNEEDNOTHURRY你不必太匆忙。NEED做实义动词时，就有人称、数格及时态上的变化，疑问句中也需用助动词DO；NEEDTO动词原形NEED是实义动词在肯定句中，NEED不可以象ICANGOHOME中的CAN的用法一样在肯定句中直接做情态动词，而是做实义动词。INEEDTOGOHOME在肯定句中，NEED后只跟动词不定式，不跟动词原形。而在否定句和疑问句中，情况就不是这样了。INEEDNTSTUDY（NEED情态动词）IDONTNEEDTOSTUDY（NEED实义动词）NEEDYOUSTUDY（NEED情态动词）DOYOUNEEDTOSTUDY（NEED实义动词）课文TOMWHATAREYOUDOING,CAROLCAROLIMMAKINGASHOPPINGLIST,TOMTOMWHATDOWENEEDCAROLWENEEDALOTOFTHINGTHISWEEKCAROLIMUSTGOTOTHEGROCERSWEHAVENTGOTMUCHTEAORCOFFEE,ANDWEHAVENTGOTANYSUGARORJAMTOMWHATABOUTVEGETABLESCAROLIMUSTGOTOTHEGREENGROCERSWEHAVENTGOTMANYTOMATOES,BUTWEVEGOTALOTOFPOTATOESCAROLIMUSTGOTOTHEBUTCHERS,TOOWENEEDSOMEMEATWEHAVENTGOTANYMEATATALLTOMHAVEWEGOTANYBEERANDWINEANDIMNOTGOINGTOGETANYTOMIHOPETHATYOUVEGOTSOMEMONEYCAROLIHAVENTGOTMUCHTOMWELL,IHAVENTGOTMUCHEITHER课文注释MANY和MUCH均可译成“许多”，但用法不同MANY主要用于疑问句和否定句中，放在可数名词之前；MUCH用于疑问句和否定句中，放在不可数名词之前。ALOTOF可用于可数名词前，又可用在不可数名词前，一般用于肯定句。LESSON80IMUSTGOTOTHE词汇（5）GROCERIESN食品杂货FRUITN水果STATIONERYN文具NEWSAGENTN报刊零售人CHEMISTN药剂师，化学家LESSON81ROASTBEEFANDPOTATOES词汇（6）BATHN洗澡NEARLYADV几乎，将近READYADJ准备好的，完好的DINNERN正餐，晚餐RESTAURANTN饭馆，餐馆ROASTADJ烤的BATHN洗澡HAVETAKEABATH洗澡NEARLYADV几乎，将近V几乎；差不多；差点儿INEARLYMISSEDTHETRAINV极；密切地HERESEMBLESAFILMSTARNEARLYTHEMATTERCONCERNSUSNEARLY这事与我们有切身关系。READYADJ准备好的，完好的ADJ准备就绪的DINNERWILLBEREADYIN20MINUTESAREYOUREADYTOLEAVEADJ预先准备好的；立即可得到的THEAPPLESARERIPEANDREADYTOEATWEMUSTGETTHEHOUSEREADYFOROURGUESTS我们必须把房子收拾停当，以期我们的客人随时入住。ADJ快的，立即的HEGAVEAREADYCONSENT他立即爽快地表示同意。THISNEWSYSTEMGIVESUSERSREADIERACCESSTOTHEDATA这个新系统可以使用户们更快捷地进入数据库。DINNERN正餐，晚餐THREEMEALSADAY一日三餐BREAKFAST早饭LUNCH午餐TEA下午茶SUPPER晚饭DINNER正餐MEAL一顿饭课文SAMHI,CAROLWHERESTOMCAROLHESUPSTAIRSHESHAVINGABATHCAROLTOMTOMYESCAROLSAMSHERETOMIMNEARLYREADYHELLO,SAMHAVEACIGARETTESAMNO,THANKS,TOMTOMHAVEAGLASSOFWHISKYTHENSAMOKTHANKSTOMISDINNERREADY,CAROLCAROLITSNEARLYREADYWECANHAVEDINNERATSEVENOCLOCKTOMSAMANDIHADLUNCHTOGETHERTODAYWEWENTTOARESTAURANTCAROLWHATDIDYOUHAVETOMWEHADROASTBEEFANDPOTATOESCAROLOHTOMWHATSTHEMATTER,CAROLCAROLWELL,YOUREGOINGTOHAVEROASTBEEFANDPOTATOESAGAINTONIGHTLESSON82IHAD词汇（5）BREAKFASTN早饭HAIRCUTN理发PARTYN聚会HOLIDAYN假日LESSON83GOINGONHOLIDAY词汇（5）MESSN杂乱，凌乱PACKV包装，打包，装箱SUITCASEN手提箱LEAVEV离开ALREADYADV已经MESSN杂乱，凌乱EXCUSETHEMESS乱七八糟，请原谅。PACKV包装，打包，装箱V打包，装箱PACKONESSUITCASE打包PACKONESSUITCASES收拾行李。V挤满，塞满THEMOVIEFANSPACKEDTHEHALL大厅里挤满了影迷。THEBUSWASPACKEDWITHPEOPLE公共汽车里挤满了人。LEAVEV离开V离开，出发THETRAINISGOINGTOLEAVEIN5MINUTESV舍弃；脱离JOHNSWIFELEFTHIMFORANOTHERMAN约翰的妻子舍他而去，投入另一个男子的怀抱。V留给，遗留；委托LEAVEITTOME,HESAID“这事交给我来办吧，”他说道。THEFAMOUSACTRESSLEFTALLHERMONEYTOCHARITY语法现在完成时表示在过去一个不确定的时间里发生的并与现在有着某种联系的动词；或者表示的开始于过去并持续到现在的动作。肯定句HAS/HAVE动词的过去分词否定形式HASNT/HAVENT动词的过去分词疑问形式把HAS/HAVE提前规则动词的过去分词与过去式相同，而不规则动词的过去分词则无统一的规律可言，需特别加以记忆。课文CAROLHELLO,SAMCOMEINTOMHI,SAMWEREHAVINGLUNCHDOYOUWANTTOHAVELUNCHWITHUSSAMNO,THANKYOU,TOMIVEALREADYHADLUNCHIHADATHALFPASTTWELVECAROLHAVEACUPOFCOFFEETHENSAMIVEJUSTHADACUP,THANKYOUIHADONEAFTERMYLUNCHTOMLETSGOINTOTHELIVINGROOM,CAROLWECANHAVEOURCOFFEETHERECAROLEXCUSETHEMESS,SAMTHISROOMSVERYUNTIDYWEREPACKINGOURSUITCASESWEREGOINGTOLEAVETOMORROWCAROLTOMANDIAREGOINGTOHAVEAHOLIDAYSAMARENTYOULUCKYTOMWHENAREYOUGOINGTOHAVEAHOLIDAY,SAMSAMIDONTKNOWIVEALREADYHADMYHOLIDAYTHISYEARCAROLWHEREDIDYOUGOSAMISTAYEDATHOMELESSON85PARISINTHESPRING词汇（7）PARISN巴黎CINEMAN电影院FILMN电影；胶卷BEAUTIFULADJ漂亮的CITYN城市NEVERADV从来没有EVERADV在任何时候FILMN电影FILM艺术影片MOVIE好莱坞商业片BEAUTIFULADJ漂亮的ADJ美丽的，使生美感的SHEWASEVENMOREBEAUTIFULTHANIHADEXPECTED她甚至比我预期的还要美。ADJ出色的，完美的；令人愉悦的HEDIDABEAUTIFULJOBOFPAINTINGTHEDESK他油漆了书桌，活干得很漂亮。BEAUTYN美人，美景，美好的东西BEAUTYCONTEST选美BEAUTIFYV美化BEAUTIFUL风景的美丽，形容女性和儿童PRETTY漂亮的，迷人的HANDSOMEADJ英俊的CHARMINGADJ迷人的，有魅力的语法现在完成时的特殊结构HAVE/HASBEENTOAPLACE曾经去过某地，但现在不在那个地方了HAVEBEENTHERE到过那里MYFATHERISONLY45YEARSOLDBUTHEHASALREADYBEENTONEARLYEVERYCOUNTRYINTHEWORLDHAVE/HASGONETOAPLACE已经去那个地方或正在去的路上，到达与否不确定THEYHAVEGONETOPARISMYFATHERHASGONETOHK课文GEORGEHELLO,KENKENHI,GEORGEGEORGEHAVEYOUJUSTBEENTOTHECINEMAKENYES,IHAVEGEORGEWHATSONKENPARISINTHESPRINGGEORGEOH,IVEALREADYSEENITISAWITONTELEVISIONLASTYEARITSANOLDFILM,BUTITSVERYGOODKENPARISISABEAUTIFULCITYGEORGEIVENEVERBEENTHEREHAVEYOUEVERBEENTHERE,KENKENYES,IHAVEIWASTHEREINAPRILGEORGEPAIRSINTHESPRING,EHKENITWASSPRING,BUTTHEWEATHERWASAWFULITRAINEDALLTHETIMEGEORGEJUSTLIKELONDON课文注解1、HAVEYOUEVERBEENTHERE,KENHAVEBEENTO到过。HAVEBEENTHERE到过那里，HAVEBEENTOSCHOOL/WORK/CHURCH之前不加THE。EVER常用于否定句、疑问句以及表示条件的从句中表示“以往任何时候”、“曾经”、“在任何时候”、“从来”这类的意思。2、WHATSON上演什么电影BEON上演3、ALLTHETIME一直，始终4、JUSTLIKELONDONJUST是“正好”，“恰恰是”的意思。HAVEYOUJUSTBEENON（JUST是指时间，有“刚才”的意思）LESSON87ACARCRASH词汇（7）ATTENDANTN接待员BRINGBROUGHT/BROUGHTV带来，送来GARAGEN车库，汽车修理厂CRASHN碰撞LAMPPOST灯杆REPAIRV修理TRYV努力，设法ATTENDANTN接待员ATTEND参加ATTENDSCHOOL上学GOTOSCHOOLATTENDAMEETING出席会议ATTENDAWEDDING参加婚礼ATTENDALECTURE参加演讲ATTENDAFUNERAL参加葬礼ATTENDACEREMONY参加仪式ATTENDCHURCH去教堂JOIN参加某个组织，成为其成员JOININ使成为成员，参加，加入；与某人一道参加某种活动WOULDYOULIKETOJOININUS一块做某事TAKEPARTIN参加，强调参加人的作用，与某人一道参加某种活动，强调在其中起了作用BRINGBROUGHT/BROUGHTV带来，送来BRING带来；TAKE带走；FETCH去拿来；GET拿，常用于口语中GOINTOTHEGARAGELETSBDOSTHLETSGOINTOTHEGARAGECRASHN碰撞HAVEACRASH碰车THEYHAVEACRASHEVERYWEEKREPAIRV修理V修理；修复；修补ILLHAVETOGETTHEBICYCLEREPAIREDSHELOOKEDINTOTHEMIRRORANDBEGANTOREPAIRHERFACE她向镜中望去，开始往脸上重敷脂粉。V弥补；修复；赔偿HOWCANIREPAIRTHEMISTAKEIHAVEMADEITWILLTAKEAWHILETOREPAIRTHECONFIDENCEOFTHEGENERALPUBLIC要恢复公众的信心尚需要一些时间。REPAIR用一定的技能修理什么东西FIX同上，一般美语中用的较多MEND修理打破或打碎的东西，一般指结构较为简单的，不需要特殊技能DOUP修理小东西，RENOVATE翻新，结构比较简单PATCH打补丁，衣服或车胎坏了，修补一下TRYV努力，设法V试图；设法，努力HEISTRYINGTOMOVETHEBOOKSHELF他正试图搬动那个书架。THEYTRIEDHARDTOREPAIRTHEDAMAGEDCAR他们竭尽全力修理那辆被损坏了的汽车。V尝试，试用；试验ILLTRYTHATITALIANRESTAURANTNEXTTIME下次我要到那家意大利餐馆去尝尝他们的菜。HAVEATRY尝试ITSAGOODTRY很好的尝试TRYONESBEST/DOONESBEST尽某人最大的努力DOYOURBESTTRYYOURBESTIWANTTOTRYMYBESTIHAVEALREADYTRIEDMYBESTTRYTODOSTH试着去做某事CANYOURMECHANICSREPAIRMYCARTHEYARESTILLWORKINGONITTHEYRETRYINGTOREPAIRITMANAGETODOSTH设法做成了某事IMANAGEDTOREPAIRMYCARYESTERDAYTRYONESLUCK试试某人的运气TRYONESHARDAT尝试着做某事课文MRWOODISMYCARREADYYETATTENDANTIDONTKNOWSIRWHATSTHENUMBEROFYOURCARMRWOODITSLFZ312GATTENDANTWHENDIDYOUBRINGITTOUSMRWOODIBROUGHTITHERETHREEDAYSAGOATTENDANTAH,YES,IREMEMBERNOWMRWOODHAVEYOURMECHANICSFINISHEDYETATTENDANTNO,THEYRESTILLWORKINGONITLETSGOINTOTHEGARAGEANDHAVEALOOKATITATTENDANTISNTTHATYOURCARMRWOODWELL,ITWASMYCARATTENDANTDIDNTYOUHAVEACRASHMRWOODTHATSRIGHTIDROVEITINTOALAMPPOSTCANYOURMECHANICSREPAIRITATTENDANTWELL,THEYRETRYINGTOREPAIRIT,SIRBUTTOTELLYOUTHETRUTHYOUNEEDANEWCAR课文注释1、HENDIDYOUBRINGITTOUSBRING表示“送来”、“带来”和“拿来”的意思，在方位上多指朝说话人而来。2、THEYRESTILLWORKINGONITWORKON表示“从事”、“干（某事）”、在英文中可用一般疑问句的否定形式来表示期待、请求或希望得到肯定的答复。ISNTTHATYOURCARDIDNTYOUHAVEACRASH、DRIVEINTO撞倒、THEYRETRYINGTOREPAIRIT他们正在设法修理THEY后面接TO动词不定式LESSON88HAVEYOUYETBUYBOUGHTBOUGHTLOSELOSTLOSTFINDFOUNDFOUNDMAKEMADEMADEMEETMETMETGETGOTGETSENDSENTSENTHAVEHADHADSWEEPSWEPTSWEPTHEARHEARDHEARDTELLTOLDTOLDLEAVELEFTLEFTLESSON89FORSALE词汇（12）BELIEVEV相信，认为MAYMODALVERB（用于请求许可）可以HOWLONG多长SINCEPREP自从WHYADV为什么SELLV卖，出售BECAUSECONJ因为RETIREV退休COSTV花费POUNDN英镑WORTHPREP值钱PENNYN便士BELIEVEV相信，认为IDONTBELIEVEYOU不相信某人说的话。BELIEVETHAT从句（宾语从句）HEFAILEDAGAINBECAUSEHEISVERYLAZYBELIEVEOF短语HEFAILEDAGAINBECAUSEOFHISLAZINESSBELIEVEINSB信任某人WEBELIEVEINEACHOTHER互相信任。TRUST信任（侧重于信任某人的能力）DONTTRUSTTHEPERSONWHODARENOTLOOKINTOYOUREYESBELIEFN（某人的）信仰，信条WENEEDTOHAVESTRONGBELIEFINOURSELVESBELIEVABLEADJ可信的UNBELIEVABLEADJ不可信的SELLV卖，出售FORSALE待售ONSALE打折SALESMAN推销员SALESMANAGER销售经理RETIREV退休V退休；离职HESGOINGTORETIRESOONFROMTHESEA不久他将退休，结束其航海生涯。V退出；退隐HEOFTENRETIREDSTOHISCOUNTRYHOUSEATWEEKENDS他周末通常到他那个乡间别墅生活。THELADIESRETIRED,ANDTHEGENTLEMENWENTONDRINKINGANDCHATTING女士们离席退出，先生们则继续喝酒聊天。COSTV花费（物体做主语）THECOATCOSTS30HOWMUCHDOESTHISHOUSECOSTWORTHPREP值钱（物体的真正实际价值）PREP相当于价值，值钱HOWMUCHISTHENECKLACEWORTHEVERYPENNYOFIT一分钱一分货THISCOATISWORTHEVERYPENNYOFITPREP具有价值；值得BEWORTHDOING值得THEBOOKISWORTHREADINGPROVEONESWORTH证明某人的价值COST是指得到一件东西所花费的钱，其真正的价值可能低于或高于所要的价，这种价格主要是指商店内的标价或货主索要的价格。WORTH主要是指某物的本身价值。语法FOR与SINCE在现在完成时中，SINCE时间点表示某个动作是何时开始的；FOR时间段表示某个动作持续多长时间IHAVEALREADYLIVEDHEREFOR20YEARSIHAVELIVEDHERESINCE1976SINCEWHENHASHEBEENTHERE课文NIGELGOODAFTERNOONIBELIEVETHATTHISISHOUSEISFORSALEIANTHATSRIGHTNIGELMAYIHAVEALOOKATIT,PLEASEIANYES,OFCOURSECOMEINNIGELHOWLONGHAVEYOULIV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