高考英语写作专题经典讲座 简单句的基本句型（2）

高考英语写作专题经典讲座简单句的基本句型（2）第四种简单句句型主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语由“主语及物动词间接宾语直接宾语”（SVOIOD）构成主谓系统。双宾语由“间接宾语直接宾语”构成，都是由主语发出来的。有一些动词后面必须跟双宾语意义才完整。这些动词的使用方法参考下面表格句型变化同类词例句SVT直宾TO间宾AFFORD,LEND,LEAVE,HAND,OFFER,OWE,等等THETEACHERGAVEABOOKTOME/THEBOYSVT直宾FOR间宾BUY,CALL,COOK,CHOOSE,DO,DRAW,FIND,GET,MAKE,等等MYMOTHERCOOKEDAMALFORME/HERSONSVT间宾直宾包括前面两类动词THETEACHERGAVEME/THEBOYABOOKSVT间宾复合不定式直宾/从句直宾LEARN,TEACH,SHOW,TELL,POINTOUTHESHOWEDMEHOWTOSWIM（复合不定式充当直接宾语）HETOLDMEWHEREISHOULDGO（从句充当直接宾语）HETOLDMETHATTHENEWSWASTRUE（从句充当直接宾语）SVTTO间宾从句直宾SUGGEST,REPLY,EXPLAIN,POINTOUT等等HEREPLIEDTOMETHATTHENEWSWASTRUE（从句充当直接宾语）SVTITTO间宾从句直宾OWE,SUGGEST,EXPLAIN,POINTOUT等等SHEOWESITTOHERMOTHERSINFLUENCETHATSHEWASELECTEDMISSHONGKONG（IT是形式宾语，代替后面的从句直接宾语）二SVOIOD句型的语义特征我们学习双宾语的时候要注意它的语义特征两个宾语必须都是主语发出来的，否则不是双宾语。例如，SOMETIMES,INTHEOPINIONOFTHEPEOPLEEVENFROMSOMEMODERNCOUNTRIES,WEARINGSOMEARTICLEOFCLOTHINGORSOMEJEWELWILLBRINGTHEMLUCKORPROTECTTHEMFROMEVILORILLNESS（有时候，在一些现代化的国家人们穿某种服装，或者佩戴某种首饰，因为他们相信这会给他们带来好运，或者免受邪恶或疾病的威胁。）其中，划线部分是双宾语，因为间接宾语THEM与直接宾语LUCK都是主语WEARINGSOMEARTICLEOFCLOTHING发出来的。相反，斜体部分“PROTECTTHEMFROMEVILORILLNESS”不是双宾语，因为“EVILORILLNESS”不是从主语发出来的。三配套练习连词成句,注意运用动词的正确形式。例题ONEOFTHEGREATESTPRESIDENTSABRAHAMLINCOLNALMOSTCONSIDERALLAMERICANSINAMERICANHISTORY变为ALMOSTALLAMERICANSCONSIDERABRAHAMLINCOLNONEOFTHEGREATESTPRESIDENTSINAMERICANHISTORY第四组SVOIOD（主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语）1HISTEACHER,THELITTLEBOY,ALWAYS,ASKING,ALLSORTSOFQUESTIONS,IS2THENEXTMORNING,THEY,THEEVENINGPAPER,HIM,SENT3ME,SHOWED,THEPOLICEMAN,WHERETHEPARKWASONTHEMAP4SUCHEXCUSES,ME,MADE,NEVER,HE5HERSELF,ORDERED,SHE,ANEWDRESS6SOMETHING,TELL,PLEASE,ABOUTYOURCOUNTRY,ME7YOU,ENVY,I,YOURLUCK8HIM,THATHESHOULDCOMEATONCE,WROTE,I9SHOW,YOU,CAN,HOWTOGETTOTHEPOSTOFFICE,ME10ASCARF,MADE,FOR,SHE,HERSON四用SVO句型翻译下面句子1我准备为你做一切有益于你的事情。2在这样一个寒冷的冬日，在山里她不能为她的绵羊找到草。3你为什么不向他示范怎样做鱼4邻居们向她建议，应该把她的母亲送进医院。5老师向全班解释说，他弄错了两个双胞胎。第五种简单句句型主语谓语宾语宾补由“主语及物动词宾语宾补”（SVOOC）构成主谓系统。及物动词后面马上跟宾语，宾语后面再跟宾语补足语，宾语加上宾补构成复合宾语。理论上说，宾补补充说明宾语，否则句子意义就不够完整。这些动词的使用方法参考下面表格句型变化例句SVT宾语形/副/介/名IFOUNDTHEHOUSEEMPTY形容词充当宾补IFOUNDTHELIGHTSON/OFF副词充当宾补IFOUNDTHEBOYINBED介词短语充当宾补IFOUNDHIMAGOODBOY名词短语充当宾补SVT宾语非谓语形式ITOLDHIMTOHELPYOUWITHYOURENGLISH不定式充当宾补THEBLOWSENTTHEGLASSFLYINGEVERYWHERE（现在分词充当宾补）HEHADTHECARMENDEDATAGARAGE（过去分词充当宾补）SVTIT形/名TODOHEBELIEVESITRIGHTTOHELPOTHERS形容词不定式HEMAKESITARULETOREADENGLISHEVERYDAY名词不定式SVTIT形/名/介宾从句HEBELIEVESITRIGHTTHATHESHOULDHELPOTHERS形容词从句HEMAKESITARULETHATHESHOULDREADENGLISHEVERYDAY名词从句二SVOOC句型与SVOIOD句型的差异我们学习双宾语的时候要注意它的语义特征两个宾语必须都是主语发出来的，否则不是双宾语。例如，IGAVEHIMABOOK划线部分是双宾语，因为间接宾语HIM直接宾语ABOOK都是主语“I”发出来的。相反，我们观察句子“ITOLDHIMTOHELPYOU”，其中宾语HIM是主语“I”发出来的，但是TOHELPYOU不是主语“I”发出来的，而是宾语HIM发出的，所以“TOHELPYOU”是宾补，“HIMTOHELPYOU”是复合宾语。三配套练习连词成句,注意运用动词的正确形式。例题ONEOFTHEGREATESTPRESIDENTSABRAHAMLINCOLNALMOSTCONSIDERALLAMERICANSINAMERICANHISTORY变为ALMOSTALLAMERICANSCONSIDERABRAHAMLINCOLNONEOFTHEGREATESTPRESIDENTSINAMERICANHISTORY第五组SVOOC（主语谓语宾语宾补）1THESTORYOFGANDHISLIFEFOUNDEXTREMELYINTERESTINGI2WHENGEORGEWASCOMINGTOTOWNHERITOLETMEKNOWASKED3SECRETFORALITTLELONGEROURPLANSIWESHOULDKEEPTHINK4SOANGRYHECALLEDALLKINDSOFNAMESTHATWASHEME5VERYLUCKYMYSELFWHENIWASININDIACONSIDERTOHAVEMETGANDHI6THATHESHOULDREFUSETOTRAVELFIRSTCLASSITASTONISHINGFOUNDI7ASSOONASPOSSIBLEIKNOWTHERESULTSOFTHEVOTINGLETWILLYOU8DELIVEREDHADTHEHOSTESSAWEEKBEFORETHEPARTYTHEINVITATIONS9AMOREFLUENTSPEAKERALOTOFPRACTICETHESPOKESMANHELPEDBECOME10FOUNDMURDEREDINTHEBATHROOMWHENTHEPOLICEARRIVEDTHEYTHEACTRESS四用宾补翻译下面句子1前往伦敦，使伦敦成为他的革命根据地。2几乎没有采取什么措施净化污水，就让其流进河流。3这就使得农业的快速发展变得很有必要。4透过开着的窗户，我们看见同学们已经坐在位置上了。5他命令书马上送到巴黎去。第四种简单句句型主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语五配套练习答案连词成句,注意运用动词的正确形式。第四组SVOIOD（主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语）1THELITTLEBOYISALWAYSASKINGHISTEACHERALLSORTSOFQUESTIONS2THEYSENTHIMTHEEVENINGPAPERTHENEXTMORNING3THEPOLICEMANSHOWEDMEWHERETHEPARKWASONTHEMAP4HENEVERMADEMESUCHEXCUSES5SHEORDEREDHERSELFANEWDRESS6PLEASETELLMESOMETHINGABOUTYOURCOUNTRY7IENVYYOUYOURLUCK8IWROTEHIMTHATHESHOULDCOMEATONCE9CANYOUSHOWMEHOWTOGETTOTHEPOSTOFFICE10SHEMADEASCARFFORHERSON答案用SVO句型翻译下面句子1IAMREADYTODOEVERYTHINGHELPFULFORYOU2ONSUCHACOLDWINDERDAY,THEGIRLFOUNDNOGRASSFORHERSHEEPONTHEMOUNTAIN3WHYDIDNTYOUSHOWHOWTOCOOKTHEFISHTOHIM4THENEIGHBORSSUGGESTEDTOHERTHATHERMOTHERSHOULDBESENTTOTHEHOSPITAL5THETEACHEREXPLAINEDTOTHECLASSTHATHEHADMADEAMISTAKEBETWEENTHETWINS第五种简单句句型主语谓语宾语宾补配套练习答案连词成句,注意运用动词的正确形式。第五组SVOOC主语谓语宾语宾补1IFOUNDTHESTORYOFGANDHISLIFEEXTREMELYINTERESTING2IASKEDHERTOLETMEKNOWWHENGEORGEWASCOMINGTOTOWN3ITHINKWESHOULDKEEPOURPLANSSECRETFORALITTLELONGER4HEWASSOANGRYTHATHECALLEDMEALLKINDSOFNAMES5ICONSIDERMYSELFVERYLUCKYTOHAVEMETGANDHIWHENIWASININDIA6IFOUNDITASTONISHINGTHATHESHOULDREFUSETOTRAVELFIRSTCLASS7IWILLLETYOUKNOWTHERESULTSOFTHEVOTINGASSOONASPOSSIBLE8THEHOSTESSHADTHEINVITATIONSDELIVEREDAWEEKBEFORETHEPARTY9ALOTOFPRACTICEHELPEDTHESPOKESMANBECOMEAMOREFLUENTSPEAKER10WHENTHEPOLICEARRIVED,THEYFOUNDTHEACTRESSMURDEREDINTHEBATHROOM答案用宾补翻译下面句子1HEWENTTOLONDONANDMAD