电子商务英语期末复习要点

电子商务英语期末复习要点1第五页注释1，2，3，4，5，62第27页注释1，2，3，4，5，6，9，10，11，123第31页的练习44第46页的注释2，3，5，8，11，145第51页的练习46第63页的注释3，5，10，12，16，197第77页的注释1至128第109页的注释2，4，6，9，109第124页的注释6，710第140页的注释1，2，15，1711第161页的练习4上述英语电子商务术语应知道缩写词的英语全称书写和汉语翻译重要阅读课文UNIT8课文A及其124页的练习1，UNIT9课文A及其141页的练习1PASSAGE1SEARCHINGBYKEYWORDISTHEMOSTCOMMONMETHODOFUSINGASEARCHENGINE,BUTTHEPROBLEMWITHKEYWORDSARETHERELATIVELYIMPRECISERESULTSANDTHERETURNOFALOTOFIRRELEVANTINFORMATIONKEYWORDSMAYHAVEMORETHANONEMEANINGANDSEARCHRESULTSMAYBEFOUNDONLYBYUSINGASYNONYMOFTHEKEYWORDTHEMETHODOFBROWSINGONTHEOTHERHANDTAKESTOOMUCHTOFINDTHERELEVANTINFORMATIONIIRECTORIESLIKEYAHOOTRYTOCIRCUMVENTTHEPROBLEM,BUTTHEMANUALPROCESSOFCLASSIFYINGMATERIALONTHEWEBTAKESUPTOOMUCHTIME,RESULTINGINVERYFEWSEARCHRESULTS,ASNOTEVERYTHINGONTHEWEBCANBECLASSIFIEDTHEREFORENEWPARADIGMSOFSEARCHINGARENEEDEDASWELLASNEWSOFTWARETHATISABLETOCATEGORIZEWEBSITESAUTOMATICALLYTHEMAJORITYOFSEARCHENGINESCOMEFROMTHEUNITEDSTATESANDHAVESPECIALIZEDINENGLISHRESOURCESANDINFORMATIONREFLECTINGTHEAMERICANCULTUREPEOPLEWHODONOTSPEAKENGLISHORWHOARENONNATIVESPEAKERSHAVETHEREFOREMANYDISADVANTAGESONTHEWEBTHECENTRALIZEDAPPROACHTOINFORMATIONRETRIEVALHASEXTREMEDIFFICULTYINCOPINGWITHTHEMULTILINGUALANDMULTICULTURALNATUREOFTHEINFORMATIONSOCIETYTHEINTERNETHASBECOMEASUCCESSTHROUGHOUTTHEWORLD,BUTTHEAMERICANSEARCHENGINESOPERATEWITHAUSCENTRICCOMPANYSTRUCTUREANDTENDTOCONCENTRATEUPONTHEENGLISHLANGUAGEALTHOUGHMANYSEARCHENGINESHAVESUBSIDIARIESINMANYOTHERCOUNTRIES,LIKEJAPANORITALY,THEWAYTHEINFORMATIONISPRESENTEDISTHEAMERICANWAYANDMAYNOTREFLECTTHELOGICOFTHEPEOPLEWHOAREUSINGITNATIONALSEARCHENGINESINRUSSIAORFRANCE,FOREXAMPLE,HAVETODEALWITHFARSMALLERSETSOFINFORMATIONANDSPECIALIZEINTHECULTURALANDLINGUISTICENVIRONMENTSWHICHTHEYKNOWBESTTHEIRDISADVANTAGEISTHATTHEQUERIESAREINRUSSIANORFRENCHANDTHESEARCHRESULTSCONTAINONLYASMALLSUBSETOFPOSSIBLERESULTSONTHEWEB,ASTHEYARERESTRICTEDTOTHELANGUAGETHISSTRONGLYREDUCESTHEPOSSIBILITYOFUSINGTHEWEBASASOURCEFORTHEWORLDWIDEDIFFUSIONOFINFORMATIONLARGERSEARCHENGINES,SUCHASALTAVISTAAREABLETOPERFORMMULTILINGUALSEARCHES,WHICHPRESENTSSEARCHRESULTSINMULTIPLELANGUAGESTHISISGOOD,IFTHESEARCHERKNOWSALLTHELANGUAGES,BUTIF,FOREXAMPLE,ANINDIANFINDSAJAPANESEWEBSITEONTHESEARCHTOPIC,THISMAYNOTBEHELPFULTEXTDOCUMENTSTHATAREINSPECIALFORMATSSUCHASPOSTSCRIPTORSTAROFFICEDOCUMENTSAREUNREACHABLEFORMANYSEARCHENGINES,ASTHETEXTUALINFORMATIONISEMBEDDEDINTOTHEBINARYSTRUCTUREOFTHEPARTICULARFILEFORMATTHESAMEAPPLIESTOSCANNEDDOCUMENTS,JAVAAPPLETSANDVIDEO/AUDIOCLIPSTHECONTENTOFTHESEFILEFORMATSISHIDDENFROMSEARCHENGINESTODAYONLYIFTHEDESCRIPTIONOFTHEFILEFORMATISKNOWNANDINCLUDEDINTOTHESEARCHENGINEISITPOSSIBLETOADDTHECONTENTFORCERTAINDOCUMENTTYPESTHISISRELATIVELYEASYJUSTAMATTEROFWORKINFOSEEKFOREXAMPLE,ISABLETOINDEXTHECONTENTOFWORDDOCUMENTSMOREDIFFICULTISTHEINCLUSIONOFCONTENTTHATISHIDDENINAPPLICATIONS,ASTHEREISNOWAYTOTELLWHERETHEINFORMATIONMAYBEHIDDENTHERESEARCHANDDEVELOPMENTININFORMATIONANDDATARETRIEVALISAIMEDATIMPROVINGTHEEFFECTIVENESSANDEFFICIENCYOFRETRIEVALINDIVIDUALANDPARALLELDEVELOPMENTFORDATABASEMANAGEMENTSYSTEMSHASLEFTTHISSECTORWITHOUTACENTRALIZEDVISIONANDCOORDINATIONBETWEENTHEDIFFERENTTYPESOFSEARCHENGINESSEARCHENGINESONTHEINTERNETAREVERYSPECIFICANDNOTABLETOCOPEWITHMULTIPLEDATABASEFORMATSANDFILETYPESINORDERTOMAKESEARCHESCOMPLETEASEARCHENGINENEEDSTOSEARCHOVERTEXT,DOCUMENTS,IMAGES,SOUNDSANDALLOTHERMEDIAFORMATSSOTHEDATABASEINTEGRATIONWILLBETHESINGLEMOSTIMPORTANTOBJECTIVEFORTHEFUTUREOFINTELLIGENTSEARCHENGINESINORDERTORECEIVEBETTERSEARCHRESULTS,ITISNOTONLYNECESSARYTOIMPROVETHESEARCHENGINETECHNOLOGY,BUTALSOTHEUSERINTERFACES,DEPENDINGONTHETYPEOFUSERSUCHASCASUAL,RESEARCHER,USERSWITHSPECIALREQUIREMENTSNEURALNETWORKSWILLBEUSEDMORECOMMONLYINTHEFUTURETOORGANIZELARGE,UNSTRUCTUREDCOLLECTIONSOFINFORMATIONAUTONOMYISASEARCHENGINETHATUSESTHEMODELOFTHEADAPTIVEPROBABILISTICCONCEPTTOUNDERSTANDLARGEDOCUMENTSTHESYSTEMISABLETOLEARNFROMEACHPIECEOFINFORMATIONITHASDISCOVEREDBYPUTTINGTOGETHERASETOFNOTSORELEVANTRESOURCES,THESETSHOULDGETTHELARGEPICTUREBYREADINGTHROUGHALLTHEDOCUMENTSTHEREFOREITISNECESSARYTORANKINFORMATIONBYIMPORTANCETHISALLOWSZONESINAPORTALTOBECREATEDAUTOMATICALLYORWITHAMINIMUMOFMANUALINTERVENTION,INSTEADOFMANUALLYCREATINGTHEZONESINAWAYYAHOOFOREXAMPLE,DOESITINORDERTOACHIEVETHISGOAL,SUCHSYSTEMSNEEDTOEMPLOYTECHNOLOGIESFORCONCEPTCLUSTERINGANDCONCEPTPROFILINGPASSAGE2PABLORUIZPICASSOWASTHEFAVORITECHILDOFHISFAMILYHEWASTHEONLYBOYIIIAMONGAGREATMANYGIRLCOUSINSTHATWASENOUGHTOMAKEHIMIMPORTANT,BUTHISFATHERLOVEDHIMESPECIALLY,BECAUSEHEKNEWHISSONWASGOINGTOBEANARTISTPABLOKNEWTHEWORDFORPENCILEVENBEFOREHECOULDSAYMAMMAANDPAPAWHENHEWASSMALLHESPENTHOURSBYHIMSELFMAKINGDELIGHTFULLITTLEDRAWINGSOFANIMALSANDPEOPLEIFHISMOTHERSENTHIMOUTTOPLAYINTHESQUARE,HEWENTONDRAWINGINTHEDUSTUNDERTHETREESONEOFHISFAVOURITEMODELSWASHISYOUNGERSISTER,LOLADONJOSERUIZ,PABLOSFATHER,WASDIRECTOROFTHEMUSEUMATMALAGAINSOUTHERNSPAINHEEARNEDONLYASMALLSALARY,BUTTHEREWASNOTMUCHWORKTODOANDHEWASABLETOPRACTISEHISHOBBY,WHICHWASPAINTINGPIGEONSDONJOSELOVEDPIGEONSVERYMUCHHEPAINTEDTHEMDEADORALIVEINONESANDTWOSANDINDOZENSSOMETIMESHEPAINTED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HEENTERPRISEACCORDINGTORECENTRESEARCHBYTHEABERDEENGROUP1,IMPLEMENTINGAUTOMATEDPROCUREMENTSOLUTIONSFORINDIRECTGOODSANDSERVICESCANLEADTODRAMATICECONOMICBENEFITSFORANYENTERPRISECOMPANIESIMPLEMENTINGELECTRONICPROCUREMENTSOLUTIONSCANACHIEVEA5TO10REDUCTIONINPRICESTHROUGHGREATERCONTROLOFMAVERICKPURCHASING,INCREASEDUSEOFPREFERREDSUPPLIERS,ANDIMPROVEDLEVERAGEFORCONTRACTNEGOTIATIONSINTERNETPROCUREMENTAUTOMATIONHASTHEPOTENTIALTOREDUCEREQUISITIONPROCESSINGCOSTSBY70PERORDERONAVERAGE,ITCOSTS30TOPROCESSANORDERTHROUGHANELECTRONICPROCUREMENTSYSTEMCOMPAREDWITH107PERREQUISITIONFORORDERSPROCESSEDMANUALLYTHETIMEREQUIREDTOCOMPLETETHEPURCHASEREQUISITIONCYCLEFROMORDERINITIALIZATIONTHROUGHFULFILLMENTCANBEREDUCEDBYBETWEEN50AND70WHENORDERSAREPROCESSEDUSINGELECTRONICPROCUREMENTSOLUTIONS3MAINBENEFITSOFEPROCUREMENTSOLUTIONSTHEREAREMANYCUSTOMERBENEFITSASOUTLINEDHEREUNDERENABLESYOUTOAUTOMATEANDCONTROLTHEPROCUREMENTPROCESSBRINGSANONLINECATALOGTOYOURDESKTOPTHROUGHANORMALWEBBROWSER,SOYOUCANSTANDARDIZEWHICHPRODUCTSYOUWANTTOBUYFROMWHICHSUPPLIERSCONSIDERABLYREDUCESBOTHPROCESSINGANDMATERIALCOSTSSAVESTOANEXTENTOF70PERCENTONTHETRANSACTIONCOSTSASSOCIATEDWITHTHEPURCHASINGPROCESSSUCHASPRICEANDAVAILABILITYCHECKS,PURCHASEORDERTRACKINGANDSTATUSTRACKINGANDASMUCHAS15PERCENTONTHECOSTOFGOODSPURCHASEDENABLESPURCHASINGSTAFFTOFOCUSONMORESTRATEGICTASKSINCREASESEFFICIENCIESPROVIDINGQUICKROTTHROUGHCOSTREDUCTIONANDINCREASEDREVENUESTHROUGHCUSTOMERSELFSERVICE,AUTOMATIONOFORDERPROCESSING,ANDGREATLYSIMPLIFIEDCATALOGCONTENTMANAGEMENTCONTROLS“ROGUE”OROFFCONTRACTBUYINGENCOURAGESPURCHASINGFROMPREFERREDVENDORS,RESULTINGININCREASEDSUPPLIERLEVERAGEANDLOWERNEGOTIATEDPRICESREDUCESPURCHASEORDERADMINISTRATIONLABORANDCOSTSDRAMATICALLYSHORTENSROUTINGTIMESANDAPPROVALCYCLESWORKFLOWAUTOMATICALLYROUTESTRANSACTIONSTHROUGHTHEREVIEWANDAPPROVALPROCESS,ACCORDINGTOAUTHORITYANDAPPROVALCHANNELSPAPERPROCESSESCANBEEASILYELIMINATEDCREATESMOREINTELLIGENCEONSPENDING,TRACKSSUPPLIERSANDPROVIDESANALYSISANDTRENDINGTOOLSSIGNIFICANTLYREDUCESCYCLETIMEFORFASTERDELIVERYOFGOODSPROVIDESEMPLOYEESWITHSELFSERVICECAPABILITIES,RESULTINGINDRAMATICINCREASESINPRODUCTIVITYOTHERBENEFITSOFCURRENTEPROCUREMENTSOLUTIONSINCLUDEBETTERSECURITYDUETODEPLOYMENTBEHINDTHEFIREWALL,ADDITIONALEFFICIENCIESFROMACOMPLETEINTEGRATIONWITHERPSYSTEMS,HIGHERLEVELOFCUSTOMIZATIONTOMEETEACHCUSTOMERSUNIQUEREQUIREMENTS,ONEUSERADMINISTRATION,USERINTERFACE,WORKFLOW,ANDBACKENDINTEGRATION,BUYERSANDSELLERSOFBUSINESSPRODUCTSANDSERVICESCONNECTEDTHROUGHOPENMARKETPLACES,RAPIDLYDEPLOYABLEANDSCALABLESOLUTIONS4CONCLUSIONTOBESUCCESSFULINTHENEWAGEOFELECTRONICCOMMERCE,ENTERPRISESMUSTBEABLETOMAXIMIZETHEPARTICIPATIONOFTHEIREMPLOYEESINECOMMERCEINITIATIVESASTHISPARTICIPATIONGROWS,MOREBUYERSANDSUPPLIERSWILLJOINTHEINTERNETMARKETPLACETHEREBYINCREASINGTHEVALUEOFTHETOTALINTERNETECONOMYASITEXPONENTIALLYFULFIL