2015年电大中央广播电视大学第一学期花卉栽培技术期末复习重点考试试题及参考答案小抄

试卷代号2711中央广播电视大学20132014学年度第一学期“开放专科”期末考试花卉栽培技术试题一、填空（每空2分，共28分）1培养独本菊，要在（时间），选取健壮母株自地下部分萌发进行扦插。2香石竹的应用是以一一为主，也可用于布置_。3杜鹃类可以采用播种、嫁接、_、_等方法繁殖。4兰科花卉通常分为地生兰、和_三大类。5蕨类植物一般采用一，或方法繁殖。6草坪草的繁殖有一和两种方法。7通常草坪长到CM就应该修剪。草坪每年应施肥_次。二、单选题（每题2分，共32分）1一串红形成高脚苗是因为。A营养面积小，光照不足B夜间温度低，白天光照强C水分不足，光照强D施肥过多，浇水过少2荷花属于。A浮叶植物B挺水植物C漂浮植物D沉水植物3瓜叶菊的花为。A唇形花B高脚碟状C周围为舌状花D管状漏斗形4鹤望兰的花序为。A穗状花序B圆锥花序C花单生D总苞舟状5一品红属于。A直立灌木B落叶小乔木C多年生草本D一二年生草本6以下说明牡丹的花的是。A花单生叶腋B花冠钟状C花单生枝顶D23朵簇生7关于兰科植物，正确的是。A为单子叶植物B一二年生草本C仅分布在热带D多生活在腐烂的植物体上8关于附生兰，错误的是。A多分布于热带亚热带B大部分根系裸露在空气中C生长在树干、岩石上D多生活在腐烂的植物体上9令箭荷花属于。A睡莲科B仙人掌科C千屈菜科D莎草科10关于鸟巢蕨，错误的是。A多年生常绿植物B常绿附生性植物C叶片辐射状丛生D23回羽状复叶11棕榈类植物多。A雌雄同株或异株，佛焰花序B扦插或分株繁殖C耐旱耐寒，抗逆性强D总状花序，花淡黄色12下列关于棕榈类植物的叙述，错误的是。A一般寿命较长，病虫害少B叶掌状或羽状分裂，多具长柄C喜高温高湿环境D以偏碱性土壤为宜13观赏凤梨可以采用的繁殖方法为。A嫁接B扦插C分割吸芽法D压条14草坪建坪成败的关键在于。A选择适合当地气候、土壤条件的草坪草种B确定适合的播种方法C进行土壤改良D坪床的准备15草坪灌溉的时间，一般在。A晚上B中午C早晨D傍晚16一般的草坪刈割，每年进行。A1次B2次C45次D100次以上三、简答题（每题8分，共16分）1如何为大花君子兰配制营养土2仙客来苗期如何管理四、问答题（每题12分，共24分）1请从种苗来源、土壤、栽培方式、密度、水分、施肥、植株管理等几方面介绍切花菊的栽培技术。2简要说明瓜叶菊的栽培管理。试卷代号2711中央广播电视大学20132014学年度第一学期“开放专科”期末考试花卉栽培技术试题答案及评分标准（供参考）一、填空（每空2分，共28分）1秋末冬初脚芽2切花花坛3压条扦插4附生兰腐生兰5分株孢子6种子繁殖营养繁殖762二、单选题（每题2分，共32分）1A2B3C4D5A6C7A8D9B10D11A12D13C14A15C16C三、简答题（每题8分，共16分）1答可根据君子兰的不同生长期，配制合适的培养土（2分）。一年生苗培养土用马粪、腐叶土、河沙按照541的比例混合（2分）；三年生苗培养土为腐叶土、泥炭土、河沙按451的比例混合（2分）。成龄君子兰培养土可酌情增加马粪的比例（1分）。应注意，培养土配制好后应进行消毒（1分）。2答当播种苗长出一片真叶时，进行第一次分苗（2分）。当幼苗具有34片真叶时，移人10CM盆中，以后随着植株增大，再换较大盆。换盆时间最迟不可超过6月份。如果苗小，可使其留在小盆中越夏（3分）。幼苗要遮荫，并经常松土、除草、浇水、施肥（3分）。四、问答题（每题12分，共24分）1答大规模生产切花菊，种苗主要来自扦插苗，其次为组织培养和分株繁殖苗。（1分）土壤应选排水良好的肥沃沙质壤土。最佳的栽培方式为高畦滴灌栽培法。（2分）定植密度以栽培季节和切花需求而定，冬季温室生产，植株宜稀植，每株34枝切花的单头菊比每株一枝的独本菊要稀。（1分）土壤水分管理，以保持土壤湿润为宜。一般小苗定植后浇一次定根水，以后34天再浇两遍水。小苗成活后适当控水蹲苗。23周后，每隔12天视天气、土壤状况浇灌。（2分）施肥以基肥1/3，追肥2/3为宜，基肥常用农家肥。追肥结合灌水，施入腐熟的饼肥水和鸡粪稀等。若施用化肥，可按等量氮磷钾配成1100的浓度施入。（2分）扦插生根苗定植2周后、45片真叶时，进行第一次摘心，用镊子轻轻将顶端生长点摘去，不久会同时萌发34个均匀一致的新侧芽，待其长至56片叶时，每芽留23片叶进行第二次摘心。所有侧芽全部萌发，进行选芽定干，去弱留强，去细留壮，选取粗细长短均匀一致的作为切花枝，一般保留46支让其生长开花。多余不整齐的脚芽、侧芽及时清除。（4分）2答瓜叶菊从播种到开花，需移植34次。真叶23片时，进行第一次移苗（分苗）；约30天后，真叶抽出56片时，进行第二次移苗（上盆）；当根系充满盆内时，进行第三次移植，即定植。（4分）瓜叶菊的花芽分化必须在短日照下进行，而长日照促进花蕾发育能提前开花。花芽分化前两周控制浇水，既可限制植株高度又能促使花芽分化。在花芽分化已经完成的情况下，增加光照可使其提前开花。（4分）瓜叶菊不耐炎热，应在荫棚越夏，并向地面撒水和向叶面喷水降温。瓜叶菊的趋光性很强，单面温室和室内放置时要注意转盆。（4分）请您删除一下内容，O_O谢谢2015年中央电大期末复习考试小抄大全，电大期末考试必备小抄，电大考试必过小抄AFTEREARNINGHISSPURSINTHEKITCHENSOFTHEWESTIN,THESHERATON,SENSONTHEBUND,ANDASPRINKLINGOFOTHERTOPNOTCHVENUES,SIMPSONLUFINALLYGOTTHECHANCETOBECOMEHISOWNBOSSINNOVEMBER2010SORTOFTHESHANGHAIBORNCHEFMIGHTNOTACTUALLYOWNCALIFORNIAPIZZAKITCHENCPKBUTHEISINSOLECHARGEOFBOTHKITCHENANDFRONTOFHOUSEATTHISSINANMANSIONSSTALWART“ITSCERTAINLYARESPONSIBILITYTOBETHEHEADCHEF,ANDTHENTOHAVETOMANAGETHERESTOFTHERESTAURANTASWELL,“THE31YEAROLDTELLSENJOYSHANGHAI“INHOTELS,FOREXAMPLE,THESEJOBSARESTRICTLYDEMARCATED,SOITSAGREATOPPORTUNITYTOLEARNHOWABUSINESSOPERATESACROSSTHEBOARD“ITWASATASKTHATMANAGEMENTBACKINSUNNYCALIFORNIAEVIDENTLYFELTHEWASREADYFOR,ANDAVOTEOFCONFIDENCEFROMACOMPANYTHAT,TODATE,HASOPENED250OUTLETSIN11COUNTRIESANDFORADDEDPRESSURE,THESHANGHAIBRANCHWASALSOCPKSCHINADEBUT“FORSUREITWASABIGSTEP,ANDUNLIKEALLTHEIROTHERASIAOPERATIONSTHATAREFRANCHISES,THEYDECIDEDTOMANAGEITDIRECTLYTOBEGINWITH,“SAYSSIMPSONTWOYEARSAGOAPRIVATEFRANCHISEETOOKOVERTHELEASE,BUTTHELINKSTOCPKHEADQUARTERSARESTILLSTRONG,WITHAMAINLANDBASEDBRANDAMBASSADORONHANDTOENSURETHEBUSINESSADHERESTOITSETHOSOFCREATING“INNOVATIVE,HEARTHBAKEDPIZZAS“,ASLICEOFPRBLURBTHATSIMPSONINSISTSLIVESUPTOTHEHYPE“THEYAREVERYINNOVATIVE,“HESAYS“THEPROBLEMWITHMOSTFASTFOODPLACESISTHATTHEYUSETHESAMESAUCEONEVERYPIZZAANDJUSTCHANGETHETOPPINGSEVERYONEOFOUR16PIZZASAUCESISAUNIQUERECIPETHATHASBEENFORMULATEDTOCOMPLEMENTTHETOPPINGSPERFECTLY“THELARGELYLOCALCUSTOMERBASEEVIDENTLYAGREESANDONSATURDAYANDSUNDAY,ATLEAST,THEPLACEISTEEMINGTHEKIDSEATFORFREEPOLICYATWEEKENDSISUNDOUBTEDLYABIGDRAW,ASWELLASISTHESPACIOUSSECONDFLOORLAYOUTOVERLOOKEDBYACANOPYOFGREENFROMFUXINGPARKOVERTHEROADTHECOMPANYISALSOFOCUSINGONINCREASINGBRANDRECOGNITIONANDINRECENTYEARSHASTAKENPARTINOUTSIDEEVENTSSUCHASTHEREGULARCALIFORNIAWEEKSTILL,THESTAAREHONESTENOUGHTOADMITTHATBUSINESSCOULDBEBETTERASGOOD,INFACT,ASINCPKSSECONDOUTLETINTHEPOPULARKERRYPARKSIDESHOPPINGMALLINPUDONG“SINANMANSIONSHASREALLYSTRUGGLEDTOGETTHENUMBEROFVISITORSTHATWEREENVISAGEDWHENITFIRSTOPENED,ANDITHASNTBEENEASYFORANYOFTHETENANTSHERE,“ADDSSIMPSON“WEREPLANNINGATHIRDOUTLETINTHECITYIN2015,ANDWEWILLPROBABLYCHOOSEASHOPPINGMALLAGAINBECAUSEOFTHEBETTERFOOTTRAFFIC“THETEAROOMSONCEFREQUENTEDBYCOCOCHANELANDMARCELPROUSTAREUPPINGSTICKSANDCOMINGTOSHANGHAI,XUJUNQIANVISITSTHEPARISIANOUTPOSTWITHSWEETTREATSONETHINGTHECENTURYOLDPARISIANTEAROOMANGELINAHASSHOWNISTHATLEGENDARYFASHIONDESIGNERCOCOCHANELNOTONLYHADSTYLEANDGLAMORBUTALSOBOASTEDGREATTASTEINFOOD,PASTRIESINPARTICULARONEOFTHEMOSTPOPULARTEAROOMSINPARIS,ANGELINAISFAMOUSFORHAVINGONCEBEENFREQUENTEDBYCELEBRITIESSUCHASCHANELANDWRITERMARCELPROUSTNOWANGELINAHASPACKEDUPITSFRENCHAMBIENCE,EFFICIENTSERVICE,ANDBEAUTIFUL,COMFORTINGDESSERTSANDFLOWNTHEMTOSHANGHAIATTHEFLAGSHIPDINEINANDTAKEOUTSPACEINSHANGHAI,EVERYTHINGMIMICSTHEORIGINALTEAROOMDESIGNEDFROMTHEBEGINNINGOFTHE20THCENTURY,INPARIS,THEHEIGHTOF“BELLEEPOQUE“THEPAINTIN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