bs 4871-3-1985 按认可焊接工艺操作的焊工鉴定考试规范.第3部分金属管与管板接头间电弧焊

BS487131985按认可焊接工艺操作的焊工鉴定考试规范第3部分金属管与管板接头间电弧焊BRITISHSTANDARDBS487131985SPECIFICATIONFORAPPROVALTESTINGOFWELDERSWORKINGTOAPPROVEDWELDINGPROCEDURESPART3ARCWELDINGOFTUBETOTUBEPLATEJOINTSINMETALLICMATERIALSUDC621791007233110837666946262179175YANG64FF66FFBS487131985THISBRITISHSTANDARD,HAVINGBEENPREPAREDUNDERTHEDIRECTIONOFTHEWELDINGSTANDARDSCOMMITTEE,WASPUBLISHEDUNDERTHEAUTHORITYOFTHEBOARDOFBSIANDCOMESINTOEFFECTON29MARCH1985BSI121998THEFOLLOWINGBSIREFERENCESRELATETOTHEWORKONTHISSTANDARDCOMMITTEEREFERENCEWEE/36DRAFTFORCOMMENT83/79157DCISBN058014366XCOMMITTEESRESPONSIBLEFORTHISBRITISHSTANDARDTHEPREPARATIONOFTHISBRITISHSTANDARDWASENTRUSTEDBYTHEWELDINGSTANDARDSCOMMITTEEWEE/TOTECHNICALCOMMITTEEWEE/36,UPONWHICHTHEFOLLOWINGBODIESWEREREPRESENTEDALUMINIUMFEDERATIONASSOCIATEDOFFICESTECHNICALCOMMITTEEASSOCIATIONOFCONSULTINGSCIENTISTSBRITISHCONSTRUCTIONALSTEELWORKASSOCIATIONBRITISHGASCORPORATIONBRITISHRAILWAYSBOARDELECTRICITYSUPPLYINDUSTRYINENGLANDANDWALESENGINEERINGEQUIPMENTANDMATERIALSUSERSASSOCIATIONHEATINGANDVENTILATINGCONTRACTORSASSOCIATIONMINISTRYOFDEFENCENATIONALCOALBOARDPOWERGENERATIONASSOCIATIONBEAMALTDPROCESSPLANTASSOCIATIONSOCIETYOFMOTORMANUFACTURERSANDTRADERSLIMITEDSTAINLESSSTEELFABRICATORSASSOCIATIONOFGREATBRITAINUNITEDKINGDOMATOMICENERGYAUTHORITYWATERTUBEBOILERMAKERSASSOCIATIONWELDINGINSTITUTEWELDINGMANUFACTURERSASSOCIATIONBEAMALTDCOOPTEDMEMBERAMENDMENTSISSUEDSINCEPUBLICATIONAMDNODATEOFISSUECOMMENTSYANG6FF66FFBS487131985BSI121998ICONTENTSPAGECOMMITTEESRESPONSIBLEINSIDEFRONTCOVERFOREWORDII1SCOPE12DEFINITIONS13INFORMATIONTOBEGIVENTOTHEWELDER14ITEMSTOBERECORDED15CHANGESNOTAFFECTINGAPPROVALOTHERTHANMECHANIZEDORAUTOMATICWELDING16EXTENTOFAPPROVAL37TESTPIECES48SUBMISSIONOFTESTWELD49EXAMINATIONANDTESTING410STATEMENTOFRESULTS611REAPPROVALOFWELDER6APPENDIXARECORDOFAPPROVALTESTOFWELDER8FIGURE1TESTPIECEFORTUBEENDSONTRIANGULARPITCH4FIGURE2TESTPIECEFORTUBEENDSONSQUAREPITCH5FIGURE3TYPICALEXAMPLESOFMACROEXAMINATIONSPECIMENS6TABLE1WELDMETAL/PARENTMETALCOMBINATIONS2TABLE2EXTENTOFAPPROVALFORWELDMETALGROUPS2TABLE3ACCEPTANCELEVELS7PUBLICATIONSREFERREDTOINSIDEBACKCOVERYANG6FF66FFBS487131985IIBSI121998FOREWORDTHISPARTOFBS4871HASBEENPREPAREDUNDERTHEDIRECTIONOFTHEWELDINGSTANDARDSCOMMITTEETOCOVERTHEPARTICULARREQUIREMENTSFORTHEAPPROVALTESTINGOFWELDERSFORTUBETOTUBEPLATEJOINTSWHILETHEREISNOLIMITATIONONTHEMETALLICMATERIALSTOBEUSED,EXTRACONSIDERATIONSNOTCOVEREDINTHISSTANDARDMAYNEEDTOBETAKENINTOACCOUNTFORSOMEMATERIALSTHISPARTOFBS4871ISONEOFASERIESOFSTANDARDSONTHEAPPROVALTESTINGOFWELDERSANDWELDINGPROCEDURES,THELATTERHAVINGABEARINGONTHEFORMERFORCERTAINAPPLICATIONSTHISLINKHASBEENUSEDASAMEANSOFARRANGINGTHEPARTSOFTHESTANDARDSFORTUBETOTUBEPLATEJOINTSINTOAAPPROVALTESTINGOFWELDINGPROCEDURESSEEBS48703BWELDERAPPROVALWHENAPPROVALOFTHEWELDINGPROCEDUREISREQUIREDITSHOULDBEAPPRECIATEDTHATTHEACCEPTANCELEVELSGIVENINTHISSTANDARDAREFORTHEPURPOSESOFAPPROVALTESTINGOFWELDERSANDASSUCHARENOTNECESSARILYTHESAMEASTHOSEWHICHMIGHTBESPECIFIEDFORWORKONWHICHAPPROVEDWELDERSWILLBEEMPLOYEDDEPENDINGUPONTHEEMPHASISPLACEDONQUALITYCONTROLINTHEPRODUCTIONOFWELDEDCOMPONENTS,THEAPPROVALOFWELDINGPROCEDURESCOVEREDINTHISSERIESOFSTANDARDSMAYBEADMINISTEREDINONEOFSEVERALWAYSWHICHSHOULDBESTIPULATEDATTHEENQUIRYAND/ORORDERSTAGETHEALTERNATIVESCURRENTLYEMPLOYEDARETHEFOLLOWING1EACHINDIVIDUALCONTRACTORORSUBCONTRACTORMAYHAVEPROVEDBYACTUALTESTPIECESEVERYWELDFORMHEWISHESTOUSE,INEVERYTHICKNESSANDMATERIALOR2EACHINDIVIDUALCONTRACTORORSUBCONTRACTORMAYHAVEPROVEDBYACTUALTESTPIECESASETOFWELDSREPRESENTATIVEONAGROUPBASISOFALLTHEVARIOUSTHICKNESSESANDMATERIALSTOBEUSEDINPRODUCTIONOR3EACHINDIVIDUALCONTRACTORORSUBCONTRACTORNEEDNOTMAKEPROCEDURETESTPIECESPROVIDEDHECANPROVEBYAPPROPRIATEDOCUMENTATIONOFANINDEPENDENTNATURETHATHEHASPREVIOUSLYSATISFACTORILYWELDEDTHETYPEOFJOINTANDMATERIALINQUESTIONINRESPECTOF1AND2ITSHOULDBEAPPRECIATEDTHATONCETHEWELDINGPROCEDURETESTSHAVEBEENAPPROVED,THEYNEEDNEVERBEREPEATEDUNLESSTHEREISACHANGEINCERTAINVARIABLESASANEXTENSIONBEYOND3,ITMAYBEPOSSIBLEBYAGREEMENTBETWEENTHECONTRACTINGPARTIESFORFULLYDOCUMENTEDWELDINGPROCEDURES,DEVELOPEDINDEPENDENTLYOFTHEPARTICULARCONTRACTOR,TOBEEMPLOYEDWITHOUTTHENEEDFORFURTHERAPPROVALTESTSITHASBEENASSUMEDINTHEDRAFTINGOFTHISBRITISHSTANDARDTHATTHEEXECUTIONOFITSPROVISIONSISENTRUSTEDTOAPPROPRIATELYQUALIFIEDANDEXPERIENCEDPEOPLEABRITISHSTANDARDDOESNOTPURPORTTOINCLUDEALLTHENECESSARYPROVISIONSOFACONTRACTUSERSOFBRITISHSTANDARDSARERESPONSIBLEFORTHEIRCORRECTAPPLICATIONCOMPLIANCEWITHABRITISHSTANDARDDOESNOTOFITSELFCONFERIMMUNITYFROMLEGALOBLIGATIONSSUMMARYOFPAGESTHISDOCUMENTCOMPRISESAFRONTCOVER,ANINSIDEFRONTCOVER,PAGESIANDII,PAGES1TO10,ANINSIDEBACKCOVERANDABACKCOVERTHISSTANDARDHASBEENUPDATEDSEECOPYRIGHTDATEANDMAYHAVEHADAMENDMENTSINCORPORATEDTHISWILLBEINDICATEDINTHEAMENDMENTTABLEONTHEINSIDEFRONTCOVERYANG6FF66FFBZFXWFF66FFBS487131985BSI12199811SCOPETHISPARTOFBS4871SPECIFIESREQUIREMENTSFORTHEAPPROVALTESTINGOFWELDERSTOBEENGAGEDONTHEMANUAL,SEMIAUTOMATIC,AUTOMATICORMECHANIZEDARCWELDINGOFTHOSETUBETOTUBEPLATEJOINTSINMETALLICMATERIALSFORWHICHANAPPROVEDWELDINGPROCEDUREHASTOBEEMPLOYEDTHEWEL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WELDINGWITHTHETUBEPLATEINTHEOVERHEADORHORIZONTALPOSITIONDAWELDERWHOHASCARRIEDOUTTESTSINACCORDANCEWITHBANDCISAPPROVEDFORANYPOSITION,HORIZONTAL,VERTICAL,OVERHEADORANYINTERMEDIATEPOSITION612TUBEPITCHTHEAPPROVALOFAWELDERONATESTJOINTUSINGAPARTICULARPITCHOFTUBESSHALLINCLUDEAPPROVALFORANYOTHERTYPEORPITCHPROVIDEDTHATTHELIGAMENTDIMENSIONSEEFIGURE1ANDFIGURE2ISNOTREDUCEDTOBELOWTHATGIVENINTHEAPPROVEDWELDINGPROCEDURE613CLADDINGIRRESPECTIVEOFTHETUBEPLATETHICKNESS,WHENWELDINGACLADTUBEPLATEANYREDUCTIONINNOMINALCLADDINGTHICKNESSSHALLENTAILREAPPROVALOFTHEWELDER614THICKNESSFORTHEPURPOSESOFTHISCLAUSE,TSHALLMEANTHENOMINALTUBEPLATETHICKNESSANDTSHALLMEANTHENOMINALTUBETHICKNESSTHEAPPROVALOFAWELDERONTHESETHICKNESSESSHALLINCLUDEAPPROVALFORTHICKNESSESINTHEFOLLOWINGRANGES615TUBEDIAMETERFORAPPROVALTOWELDDIAMETERSLESSTHAN19MM,ATESTMADEONTUBEOFNOMINALOUTSIDEDIAMETERDLESSTHAN19MMSHALLINCLUDEAPPROVALFORDIAMETERSINTHERANGEDTO19MMFORAPPROVALTOWELDDIAMETERS19MMANDABOVE,ATESTMADEONTUBEOFNOMINALOUTSIDEDIAMETERDOF19MMORABOVESHALLINCLUDEAPPROVALFORDIAMETERSINTHERANGEOF05DTO2DWITHAMINIMUMNOMINALDIAMETEROF19MM616TYPEOFJOINTTHEAPPROVALOFAWELDERONABUTTWELDTUBEENDJOINTWITHADDEDFILLERMETALSHALLALSOINCLUDEAPPROVALFORBUTTANDFILLETWELDJOINTSSEPARATEAPPROVALSHALLBEOBTAINEDFORAUTOGENOUSWELDINGNOTETHEEXACTJOINTDETAILS,SUCHASANGLESANDRADIUS,DONOTAFFECTWELDERAPPROVAL,ASLONGASTHEPROCEDUREHASBEENAPPROVEDINACCORDANCEWITHBS48703617MORETHANONEWELDERWHENMORETHANONEWELDERISEMPLOYEDONMAKINGACOMPLETETESTWELD,THESATISFACTORYTESTINGOFTHETESTWELDSHALLRESULTINTHEAPPROVALOFEACHWELDERFORHISRESPECTIVEPORTIONFORTHATPARTICULARPROCEDUREONLYWHENTHEREAREUNACCEPTABLEDEFECTSPRESENTINATESTWELDANDTHEYCANBEATTRIBUTEDTOONEWELDER,THISSHALLNOTADVERSELYAFFECTTHEAPPROVALOFTHEOTHERWELDERS62MECHANIZEDORAUTOMATICWELDINGFORMECHANIZEDORAUTOMATICWELDING,MOSTCHANGESINTHEWELDINGPARAMETERSDONOTAFFECTTHEAPPROVALOFTHEWELDERTHEYONLYAFFECTTHEWELDINGPROCEDUREAPPROVALRANGETHATISCOVEREDINBS48703AWELDERWHOHASSUCCESSFULLYWELDEDATESTPIECESPECIFIEDINCLAUSE7SHALLBEAPPROVEDFORALLTUBETOTUBEPLATEWELDSUSINGTHESAMEORIDENTICALEQUIPMENTFORTHEPERIODSPECIFIEDINCLAUSE11THISAPPROVALSHALLCOVERAALLPARENTMETALCOMPOSITIONSBALLTUBEANDTUBEPLATETHICKNESSESANDALLTUBEOUTSIDEDIAMETERSCALLWELDINGPOSITIONSEGTUBEPLATEVERTICAL,FLATOROVERHEADREAPPROVALSHALLBEOBTAINEDFORMAJORCHANGESINJOINTGEOMETRYORCONFIGURATIONSEPARATEAPPROVALSHALLBEOBTAINEDFORTHEFOLLOWINGFOURMAINTYPESOFJOINT1FRONTFACEBUTTWELDWITHFILLERMETALADDITION2FRONTFACEBUTTWELDWITHOUTFILLERMETALADDITIONAUTOGENOUSWELDING3FRONTFACEFILLETWELDWITHFILLERMETALADDITION4BACKFACEBOREWELDSAUTOGENOUSWELDINGTHEAPPROVALOFAWELDERONATESTJOINTOFTYPE1SHALLINCLUDEAPPROVALFORTYPE2BUTTHECONVERSESHALLNOTAPPLYTHICKNESS,TRANGEAPPROVEDLESSTHAN10MMTTO2T10MMUPTOBUTNOTINCLUDING35MM10MMTO2T35MMOROVER20MMANDABOVETHICKNESS,TRANGEAPPROVEDLESSTHAN16MMTTO2T16MMUPTOANDINCLUDING3MM16MMTO2TGREATERTHAN3MM05TTO2TYANG6FF66FFBZFXWFF66FFBS4871319854BSI1219987TESTPIECESEXCEPTASPERMITTEDBY616,THEWELDERSHALLWELDATESTPIECEASSHOWNINFIGURE1ORFIGURE2,WHICHEVERISTHEMOSTREPRESENTATIVEOFTHEWELDINGPROCEDURETOBEUSEDINPRODUCTIONTHEROOTRUNSTARTPOSITIONSSHALLBEIDENTIFIEDANDPOSITIONEDASSHOWNINFIGURE1ORFIGURE2TOPERMITSECTIONINGTHROUGHTHESEPOSITIONSFORMANUALMETALARCWELDINGTHERESTARTSHALLBEMADEWITHAFRESHELECTRODENOTETHETESTPIECEMAYNEEDPOSITIONINGTOFACILITATESECTIONINGTHROUGHSTARTPOSITIONSSUBSURFACEDEFECTSTHATBREAKTHESURFACEORWHICHAREREVEALEDASTHERESULTOFGRINDINGSPECIFIEDINTHEWELDINGPROCEDURESHALLNOTBEREPAIREDTHERESHALLBENOREPAIRWELDINGOFACOMPLETEDTESTPIECE8SUBMISSIONOFTESTWELDIFTHEWELDERREALIZESTHAT,FORSOMEREASON,THETESTWELDHEHASMADEISLIKELYTOFAILTHESUBSEQUENTEXAMINATIONANDTESTING,HEMAYWITHHOLDTHETESTPIECEANDMAKEASECONDTESTWELDIFTHEWELDERDOESCHOOSETOMAKEASECONDTESTWELD,ITISTHESECONDPIECETHATSHALLBEEXAMINEDANDTESTED,THEFIRSTTESTPIECEBEINGSCRAPPED9EXAMINATIONANDTESTING91GENERALALLTESTPIECESSHALLBEEXAMINEDVISUALLYINTHEASWELDEDCONDITION,AUGMENTEDIFNECESSARYBYLIQUIDPENETRANTTESTINGSEEBS4416ORMAGNETICPARTICLEINSPECTIONSEEBS6072IFACCEPTABLEINACCORDANCEWITH92,THEYSHALLBERADIOGRAPHEDPRIORTOSECTIONINGASSHOWNINFIGURE1ORFIGURE2THEEXISTENCEOFANYDEFECTSORPARAMETERSOUTSIDETHEACCEPTANCELEVELSGIVENINTABLE3SHALLBESUFFICIENTCAUSEFORREJECTIONIFATESTPIECEFAILSTOCOMPLYWITHANYOFTHEREQUIREMENTSIN92TO94,AFURTHERCOMPLETETESTPIECESHALLBEWELDEDANDSUBJECTEDTOTHESAMEEXAMINATIONIFTHISADDITIONALTESTPIECEDOESNOTCOMPLYWITHTHERELEVANTREQUIREMENTS,THECAUSEOFFAILURESHALLBEESTABLISHEDIFTHISFAILUREISESTABLISHEDASBEINGTHERESULTOFMETALLURGICALOREXTRANEOUSCAUSESANDISNOTATTRIBUTABLETOTHEWELDERSWORKMANSHIP,THENAFURTHERREPEATTESTSHALLBEUNDERTAKENIFTHEFAILUREISESTABLISHEDASBEINGATTRIBUTABLETOTHEWELDERSWORKMANSHIP,THENTHEWELDERSHALLBEREGARDEDASINCAPABLEOFCOMPLYINGWITHTHISSTANDARDWITHOUTFURTHERTRAININGFIGURE1TESTPIECEFORTUBEENDSONTRIANGULARPITCHYANG6FF66FFBZFXWFF66FFBS487131985BSI121998592VISUALEXAMINATIONAFTERANYPOSTWELDHEATTREATMENTANDPRIORTOSECTIONING,THETESTPIECESHALLBEEXAMINEDVISUALLYTHEWELDSSHALLSHOWUNIFORMCONTOURWITHOUTEXCESSIVEREINFORCEMENTWITHTHEBORESOFTHETUBESFREEFROMANYSPATTERORBURNTHROUGHWELDSPILLAGEINTOTHEBORESHALLBEASSESSEDINACCORDANCEWITHTABLE393RADIOGRAPHICEXAMINATIONALLTESTWELDSSHALLBERADIOGRAPHEDFORFRONTFACEWELDS,THETUBEPLATESHALLBEREDUCEDINTHICKNESSTONOTLESSTHANTHEMAXIMUMWELDDEPTHINTOTHETUBEPLATEPLUS25MM,BUTINANYCASETHERESULTANTTHICKNESSSHALLBENOTLESSTHAN65MMSENSITIVITYSHALLBE2ORBETTERWHENUSINGAWIRETYPEIMAGEQUALITYINDICATORINACCORDANCEWITHBS3971GENERALREQUIREMENTSFORTHEMETHODOFEXAMINATIONSHALLBEINACCORDANCEWITHBS26001NOTE1ITISRECOMMENDEDTHATTECHNIQUE2INBS260011983SHOULDBEUSEDFORBACKFACEWELDS,SENSITIVITYSHALLBE5ORBETTERWHENUSINGAWIRETYPEIMAGEQUALITYINDICATORINACCORDANCEWITHBS3971GENERALREQUIREMENTSFORTHEMETHODOFEXAMINATIONSHALLBEINACCORDANCEWITHBS2910NOTE2ITISRECOMMENDEDTHATTECHNIQUE11INBS29101973SHOULDBEUSED94MACROEXAMINATIONAFTERVISUALEXAMINATIONANDRADIOGRAPHICEXAMINATIONTHETESTPIECESHALLBESECTIONEDASSHOWNINFIGURE1ORFIGURE2BYSAWINGORMACHININGTHEMACROEXAMINATIONSPECIMENSSEEFIGURE3SHALLBEPREPAREDANDEXAMINEDINACCORDANCEWITHBS709NOTEWHERERADIOGRAPHYREVEALSDEFECTSOTHERTHANGASPORES,ITMAYBENECESSARYTOCARRYOUTMACROEXAMINATIONOFADDITIONALSECTIONSTOASSESSCOMPLIANCEWITHTHEACCEPTANCELEVELSINTABLE2THEMINIMUMTHROATTHICKNESSORPOTENTIALLEAKPATHOFEACHWELDSHALLBEASSESSEDINACCORDANCEWITHTABLE3FIGURE2TESTPIECEFORTUBEENDSONSQUAREPITCHYANG6FF66FFBZFXWFF66FFBS4871319856BSI12199810STATEMENTOFRESULTSASTATEMENTOFTHERESULTSOFASSESSINGEACHTESTPIECE,INCLUDINGREPEATTESTS,SHALLBEMADEFOREACHWELDERTHEITEMSREQUIREDINCLAUSE4SHALLBEINCLUDEDTOGETHERWITHDETAILSOFANYFEATURESTHATWOULDBEREJECTABLEBYTHEREQUIREMENTSOFCLAUSE9IFNOREJECTABLEFEATURESAREFOUND,ASTATEMENTTHATTHETESTPIECEMADEBYTHEPARTICULARWELDERSATISFIEDTHEREQUIREMENTSOFTHISSTANDARDINRESPECTOFTHATTYPEOFTESTPIECESHALLBESIGNEDBYTHEPERSONCONDUCTINGTHETESTASEPARATEAPPROVALRECORDSHALLBEMADEFORAWELDERWHOHASSUCCESSFULLYCARRIEDOUTAWELDINGPROCEDURETESTNOTE1THEWELDERSEMPLOYERSHOULDHOLDANDREGULARLYMAINTAINADEQUATERECORDSOFALLAPPROVALTESTSFOREACHWELDERITISRECOMMENDEDTHATTHEFORMGIVENINAPPENDIXABEUSEDTORECORDDETAILSOFTHEAPPROVALTESTANDTHERESULTSINORDERTOFACILITATEUNIFORMPRESENTATIONANDASSESSMENTOFTHEDATANOTE2ITISRECOMMENDEDTHATWELDERAPPROVALTESTSCARRIEDOUTINACCORDANCEWITHTHISSTANDARDANDWITNESSEDBYANINDEPENDENTINSPECTINGAUTHORITYSHOULDBEACCEPTEDBYOTHERINSPECTINGAUTHORITIESPROVIDEDTHATALLTHEPROVISIONSHAVEBEENFULFILLED11REAPPROVALOFWELDERAWELDERSAPPROVALSHALLREMAINVALIDPROVIDEDTHATITCANBESHOWN,ASSIGNIFIEDATINTERVALSOF6MONTHSBYASENIORRESPONSIBLEPERSONINTHEFIRMTHATEMPLOYSTHEWELDER,THATTHEWELDERHAS,SUBSEQUENTTOTHETEST,BEENEMPLOYEDWITHREASONABLECONTINUITYONWORKWITHINTHEEXTENTOFHISAPPROVALANDHASCONTINUEDTOPRODUCESATISFACTORYWELDSASVERIFIEDBYMEANSAPPROPRIATETOTHETYPEOFPRODUCTIONWORKREAPPROVALSHALLBEREQUIREDIFANYOFTHEFOLLOWINGAPPLYATHEWELDERISTOBEEMPLOYEDONWORKOUTSIDETHEEXTENTOFHISCURRENTAPPROVALBTHEWELDERCHANGESHISEMPLOYERWITHOUTTHETRANSFEROFHISTESTRECORDSC6MONTHSORMOREHAVEELAPSEDSINCETHEWELDERWASENGAGEDINWELDINGONWORKWITHINTHEEXTENTOFHISAPPROVALDTHEREISSOMESPECIFICREASONTOQUESTIONT