煤基直接还原相关设备与控制研究设计

XXX学院本科毕业设计（论文）煤基直接还原相关设备与控制研究设计学生姓名学生学号院（系）材料工程系年级专业级材料科学与工程指导教师教授级高级工程师助理指导教师二七年六月XXXA1A0A2A3A4A5A6A7A9A10A8A12A13A14A11摘要钒钛磁铁矿是含有铁、钒、钛等多金属元素的复合矿。采用转底炉煤基直接还原法处理钒钛磁铁矿是综合回收铁、钒、钛的新工艺流程，也是钒钛磁铁矿最好的综合利用途径，将带来巨大的经济效益和社会效益。转底炉煤基直接还原新流程，在实验室条件下进行煤基直接还原，必须在能够模拟转底炉还原的条件下进行实验研究，因此实验室的还原设备是否能满足实验条件的要求是至关重要的，不仅要满足转底炉还原的温度要求，最高达到1400，同时，要能够通入气体，模拟转底炉还原的气氛，因此炉子要密封良好，还原温度的控制及还原的金属化球团如何防止再氧化也是重要的条件要求。本课题主要是在实验室条件下，自力更生自G5061设G16757G4445G16025G11017炉及控制G13007G13491，G17885G6333合G17878的G11017炉G13479G7512及温度控制G6175G8585，设G16757G1998G1114G1016G2500G11017炉，G980G2500是G1391G13485球体的煤气G2469生炉，G980G2500是还原用的G11017炉。最G13468G1363G4448G6116的G1016G2500G11017炉能够满足还原条件的G19668要，通G17819G16809验G16789G7138，G1016G2500G11017炉G4448G1852G2499满足G16809验研究的要求。关键词G3煤基直接还原，实验室G11017炉，温度控制XXXA1A0A2A3A4A5A6A7A9A10A8A12ABSTRACTIIABSTRACTVANADIUMTITANIUMMAGNETITEISAMULTIELEMENTCOMPOSITEMETALOREISIRON,VANADIUM,TITANIUMBASEDSYMBIOTICMAGNETICIRONORETOTHEENDOFFURNACECOALBASEDDIRECTREDUCTIONINVANADIUMTITANIUMMAGNETITEINVESTMENTANDTHECOSTOFPRODUCTIONHASMOREADVANTAGES,CANMAKEUPFORTHELACKOFPRODUCTQUALITY,WILLBETHEPANXIAREAVANADIUMTITANIUMMAGNETITECOMPREHENSIVEUTILIZATIONOFTHEBESTWAYSTOACHIEVETHEMODERNINDUSTRIALIZATIONTOPROVIDESTRONGTECHNICALSUPPORT,WILLCREATEHUGEECONOMICANDSOCIALBENEFITSTHENEWFLOWOFCOALBASEDDIRECTREDUCTIONOFROTARYHEARTHFURNACE,THEDIRECTCOALBASEDREDUCTIONWHICHISUNDERLABCONDITIONISANEXPERIMENTRESEARCHTHATUNDERTHECONDITIONWHICHCANIMITATETHEREDUCTIONOFROTARYHEARTHFURNACE,SOITSQUITEIMPORTANTWETHERTHEREDUCTIONEQUIPMENTSCANMEETTHEEXPERIMENTREQUIREMENTS,NOTONLYDOTHEYHAVETOMEETTHEREDUCTIONTEMPERATUREOFTHEROTARYHEARTHFURNACE,ASHIGHTAS1400G263,MEANWILETHEYSHOULDLETTHEAIRINANDIMITATETHEREDUCTIONATMOSPHEREOFROTARYHEARTHFURNACE,SOTHEFURNACESHOULDBESEALEDWELL,ANDTHECONTROLOFREDUCTIONTEMPERATUREASWELLASSTOPTHEMETALLIZINGSPHERICFROMOXIDATINGAGAINISALSOIMPORTANTREQUIREMENTTHESUBJECTISTODESIGNELECTRICALFURNACEASWELLASCONTROLSYSTEM,INDEPENDENTLYANDTWOELECTRICALFURNACES,ONEISFORSPHEROMEGASGENERATORANDTHEOTHERFORREDUCTION,ANDFINALLYTHETWOFURNACESCANMEETTHEREDUCTIONREQUIREMENT,THEEXPERIMENTSHOWTHATTHETWOELECTRICALFURNACESCANCOMPLETELYMEETTHEREQUIREMENTOFRESEARCHKEYWORDSCOALBASEDDIRECTREDUCTION,LABFURNACE,TEMPERATURECONTROLXXXA15A16A17A18A19A20A21A22A23A24A25A26A27A28目录摘要G265ABSTRACTG2661绪论111A29A30A31A32A33A34A35A36A37A38A39A40A41A41A41A41A42A43A44A45A46A47A48112A49A42A43A44A45A46A50A51A52A42A43A53A54513A29A30A55A56A57A58A59A46A60A53A61A62A635131A64A65A66A67A685132A69A70A71A64A6552实验室电炉的设计理论基础721A72A73A74A75A768211A77A78A79A80A81A82A83A84A85A868212A77A78A79A80A87A88822A89A90A9110221A92A93A94A83A95A9610222A92A93A94A97A9810223NICRA99FECRALA100A101A92A93A9411224A102A103A104A105SICA106A107A108A1091223A110A111A112A113A114A115A116A112A11313231A117A118A119A120A121A122A12313232A124A125A121A117A118A119A12014233A126A127A128A117A118A119A12014234A129A130A131A107A132A117A118A119A12014235A133A134A135A136A137A138A139A140A141163试验研究方法1931A133A134A135A142A143A136A137A144A145A14619311A142A143A136A137A147A148A149A138A150A151A152A153A154A136A137A15519312A156A151A157A158A136A13720313A137A159A160A161A145A146A162A163214试验部分2341A164A165A166A167A168A169A170A170A171A17223XXXA173A174A175A176A177A178A179A180A181A182A183A184A185A186411A187A188A189A190A19123412A187A192A189A190A19123413A193A194A195A196A189A190A19123414A193A194A189A190A19124415A187A192A189A197A19824416A199A200A201A202A189A190A19125417A200A203A204A205A189A206A20726418A200A208A189A209A21026419A211A200A212A213A2142742A215A216A217A218A219A220A221A22228421A223A224A225A226A22729422A223A228A225A226A22729423A229A230A231A232A225A226A22729424A230A233A234A235A225A236A23729425A230A238A225A239A24029426A241A242A243A2442943A245A246A247A24831431A249A250A251A252A253A254A255A58A031432A65A1A2A3A252A253A254A255A58A032433A84A4A5A6A7A8A9A1034结论35参考文献36附录A电炉安全操作规程38致谢40XXXA11A12A13A14A15A16A17A18A19A20A21A221A95A2011绪论11关于钒钛磁铁矿冶炼新流程研究课题的背景A23A24A25A26A27G11458G2081，G1852G1002G11040有G2325G1972G12193直接还原法实G10628G1114工G1006生G1147，G1861有G11346G1325G4490直接还原铁生G1147G2390，MIDEREX法G17829G1972G5192G1147G18339G15441G9994有G6164下G19489，G1306G1185G9994是主要的直接还原铁生G1147工艺。2004G5192MIDEREX直接还原法G6164生G1147的直接还原铁G1147G18339G2356G1002G11040直接还原铁G5647G1147G18339的641，HYL工艺G6164生G1147的直接还原铁G2356189，G1866G1194工艺G2265G6336气基和煤基工艺G13434G235617。如G328211。A96A97A28A97A100A29A29A30A103A31A32A33A34A35A36A37A38A39A40A41A42A43G990G17860的直接还原工艺G2494是G4557G7234通铁矿G17878用，G13792G4557G1122钒钛磁铁矿G11458G2081还G8821有采用G990G17860的直接还原工艺G6228G7427。G4557钒钛磁铁矿进行G5332G2469利用研究的主要G3281G4490是G2347G19762、G1432G13611G7043、新G16211G1860和G1025G3281。G2347G19762采用的是回转G12389G11017炉流程，主要回收G1866G1025的铁和钒G708G19675G2172G13604G6564G2474钒G9207G709，G11017炉钛G9207含TIO230G5050G2503，G1328G1038G19150G17347G6122G1866G1194原G7021G727新G16211G1860采用的也是回转G12389G11017炉流程，含TIO2G103828G79432的钛G9207也G8821有利用，G2494是回收G1114铁和钒G708铁G8712G2265G6564钒G709G727G1432G13611G7043、G1025G3281G6868G19062和G6227G19062G3355采用高炉G252转炉流程，G2494回收G1114G1866G1025的铁G994钒G708转炉G6564钒G709，钛G4448G1852G8821有回收利用。G3281G1881G3818G5062经工G1006化的处理钒钛磁铁矿的生G1147工艺流程如G328212G6164G12046。在G11458G2081的G6228G7427条件下，G3281G1881G3818的钒钛磁铁矿G1930G9872工艺G2494能回收铁和钒，G13792G4512G19610在炉G9207G1025的钛G8821有回收利用。G3G990G1022G1002G13438G983G2325G5192G1207G794八G2325G5192G1207，在方毅同志的关心支持下，组织G1852G3281有关G6228G7427力G18339进行钒钛磁铁矿的“G19762焦煤G9872铁”新流程的G6228G7427攻关，G6564G1998并G16809验G1114“竖炉气体还原G252G252磁G17885分离流程”、“流态化床气体还原”、“链篦机G252G252回转G12389G252G252G11017炉深还原”等新G6228G7427。经G17819G2325G1972G5192的攻关，G2474得G1114很丰G4512的经G3XXXA44A45A46A47A48A49A50A51A52A53A54A551A56A532A96A97A28A100A115A57A59A60A61A62A63A64A37A66A38A39A67A68A96验，特别是G4557钒钛磁铁矿直接还原的特点及规律、G6228G7427难点有G1114较G7138确的认识。G1306是，由G1122钒钛磁铁矿的特殊性及工艺设备等G6228G7427难题G8821有解决，尽管当时的“新流程”G2499以同时回收铁、钒、钛等有益元素，并经G16809验得到G1114相关G1147品，G1306在当时的市场状况下，G6228G7427经济指标不如高炉流程，G8821有体G10628G1998“新流程”的优越性G727另G3818，G980G1022更G1038重要的原因是回转G12389G6122竖炉还原时炉G7021粘接、G13479圈等问题无法解决，直接导致G1114当时“新流程”未能实G10628工G1006化。根据G990G1002G13438八G2325G5192G1207“新流程”G16809验研究G1025积累的经验，通G17819调查分析，认G1038“转底炉短流程”G9872铁新G6228G7427是G11458G2081G3281G4490G6564倡的科G6228创新G6228G7427，特别是处理钒钛磁铁矿更G1038合理，它具有如下优点以煤G1207焦，G2499以省去高炉流程的G9872焦G994烧G13479工序，不G1306缩短工艺流程，G13792且减少环境污染G727同时由G1122还原温度高，G2499G6564高还原的金属化率G727由G1122还原时间短，还G2499G6564高生G1147效率。比较经济的工G1006化规模G103820G79450万吨/G5192G727转底炉还原G17819程G1025由G1122炉底转G2172G13792炉G7021不G2172，G2499解决回转G12389G6122竖炉还原时炉G7021粘接、G13479圈等问题G727还原后G2499以将铁钒G708生铁G709G994钛G708G4512钛G9207G709分离，再从生铁G1025G6564G2474钒，达到主要有益元素充分回收利用的G11458的G727还原尾气G2499G19610G1025回收，经处理后再利用G727建设投资省，是高炉流程的50，回转G12389流程的30G79450。G4557转底炉G9872铁G6228G7427，美、日、德、加等先进G3281G4490用来处理含铁废G7021以回收铁G1038主。G3281G1881也G2494是将之用G1122G7234通G4512铁矿制G2474海绵铁研究的报道。比利时DRM研究G1025心G6564G1998的铁矿粉G994还原剂分层布G7021的COMET法，1996G5192卢森堡和比利时等公司联合建造15T/HG16809验G16025置，以后有改进G6564G1998SIDCOMET法，不分层混合G16025G7021，拟建XXXA44A45A46A47A48A49A50A51A52A53A54A551A56A53375万吨/G5192铁G8712生G1147线。美G3281JACONVEL公司、ZIA公司、ARMCO公司和MAUMEERJOHNWILEYANDSUNSINC,1975,4A246495221ABILOVAG,ZEYBEKZ,TUZUNALPO,TELATARZFUZZYTEMPERATURECONTROLOFINDUSTRIALREFINERIESFURNACESTHROUGHCOMBINEDFEEDFORWARD/FEEDBACKMULTIVARIBLECASCADESYSTEMSJCHEMICALENGINEERINGANDPROCESSING,2002,7161823ROGERJANGJSANFISADAPTIVENETWORKBASEDFUSSYINFERENCESYSTEMS,IEEETRANJSYSTEMS,MANANDCYBERNATICS,1993,81517XXXA208A210A212A213A214A215A216A217A218A219A220A221A223A224A220A2253724ALBANAMP,SCIANAN,PEREIRAEINSITUFORMATIONOFSIALONCARBIDEBASEDREFRACTORIESMICROSTRUCTUREANDMECHANICALSTRENGTHSILICATEINDUSTRIES,JMATERIALSCIENCEANDENGINEERING,1997,4464725KIRCHERAT,COURTRIGHTELENGINEERINGLIMITATIONOFMOSI2COATINGSJMATERIALSCIENCEANDENGINEERING,1992,43338XXXA208A210A212A213A214A215A216A217A218A219A220A221A148A149AA246A220A6A150A70A151A125A152A5538附录A电炉安全操作规程A153A1541A155A156A157A158A154A1准备工作A159A160A161A162A198A163A164A165A166A167A239A168A169A166A170A169A171A172A173A175A176A178A180A181A182A161A162A163A183N2A184CO2A178A180A172A173A175A176A178A180A181A185A186A187A198A163A164A165A166A188A190A191A193A201A194A195A196A197A199A200A181A185A202A204A239A168A205A207A208A211A212A213A190A185A2试验操作A159A160A204A198A163A164A165A166A180A214A169A171A195A215A241A216A217A219A221A222A223A224A225A181A226A227A228A222A229A223A195A231A230A214A211A232A163A233A234A195A235A201A194A187A228A222A236A226A237A238A240A242A243A195A204A244A214A214A245A246A247A248A208A2492A204A239A168A169A166A180A214A169A171A195A215A241A228A222A229A223A224A225A181A226A227A195A250A251A228A222A249A186A252A198A163A164A165A166A228A253A254A217A255A34A222A223A197A195A215A135A41A153A0A214A211CO2A163A183A1953A39A155A197A1A2A232A163A1955A39A155A197A3A163A183A205A39A101A163A183CO2A167COA38A39A195A175A176A193A121CO2/COA90A159A153A0A195A193A160A4A5A253A6A214A153A0A170A90A159A195A202A252A239A168A169A166A222A223A164A253A211A166A222A223A197A195A204A191A131A205A207A170A212A213A208A211A239A168A169A166A190A195A166A199A200A181A166A167A7A8A249A25A163A183CO/CO2A90A159A164A253A153A0A197A195A204A198A163A164A165A166A198A9A170A198A163A244A214A168A216A245A239A168A166A195A231A230A215A153A0A245A239A168A169A166A237A214A211A232A163A195A233A169A166A190A170A163A170A164A253A147A10A153A0A170A90A159A249A82A215A153A0A226A227A204A239A168A169A166A228A253A216A217A239A168A222A223A195A215A241A239A168A230A241A153A0A239A168A249XXXA11A12A13A14A15A16A224A17A18A19A20A21A112A22AA141A169A166A114A23A219A221A116A22639A175A252A239A168A171A38A219A221A197A195A27A172A24A204A212A213A172A253A166A167A195A250A251A226A26A195A231A230A239A168A169A166A250A251A193A211A134A222A226A227A249A28A230A1A2A198A163A164A165A166A170A169A171A166A2