2014届中考英语复习八 状语从句的考点讲解和训练

八、状语从句【考点直击】1时间状语从句2条件状语从句3原因状语从句4结果状语从句5比较状语从句6目的状语从句7让步状语从句8地点状语从句【名师点睛】用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1时间状语从句1时间状语从句常用WHEN,AS,WHILE,BEFORE,AFTER,SINCE,TILL,UNTIL,ASSOONAS等连词来引导。例如ITWASRAININGHARDWHENGOTTOSCHOOLYESTERDAYWHILEHEWASDOINGHISHOMEWORK,THETELEPHONERANGASHEWALKEDALONGTHELAKE,HESANGHAPPILYHEHADLEARNEDALITTLECHINESEBEFOREHECAMETOCHINAAFTERHEFINISHEDMIDDLESCHOOL,HEWENTTOWORKINAFACTORY2在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如ILLRINGYOUUPASSOONASIGETTONEWYORKIWILLTELLHIMEVERYTHINGWHENHECOMESBACKHEWONTBELIEVEITUNTILHESEESITWITHHISOWNEYES3在带有TILL或UNTIL引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到才”,“在以前不”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如THEYOUNGMANREADTILLTHELIGHTWENTOUTLETSWAITUNTILTHERAINSTOPSWEWONTSTARTUNTILBOBCOMESDONTGETOFFUNTILTHEBUSSTOPS2条件状语从句1条件状语从句通常由IF,UNLESS引导。例如WHATSHALLWEDOIFITSNOWSTOMORROWDONTLEAVETHEBUILDINGUNLESSITELLYOUTO2在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如ILLHELPYOUWITHYOURENGLISHIFAMFREETOMORROWHEWONTBELATEUNLESSHEISILL3“祈使句ANDOR陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如HURRYUP,ORYOULLBELATEIFYOUDONTHURRYUP,YOULLBELATESTUDYHARDANDYOUWILLPASSTHEEXAMIFYOUSTUDYHARD,YOUWILLPASSTHEEXAM3原因状语从句1原因状语从句通常由BECAUSE,SINCE,AS引导。例如HEDIDNTCOMETOSCHOOLBECAUSEHEWASILLASITISRAINING,WESHALLNOTGOTHEZOOSINCEYOUCANTANSWERTHEQUESTION,ILLASKSOMEONEELSE2BECAUSE表示直接原因，语气最强。BECAUSE引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由WHY提出的问题，只能用BECAUSE。AS和SINCE语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由AS和SINCE引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如WHYARENTGOINGTHEREBECAUSEIDONTWANTTOASHEHASNOCAR,HECANTGETTHEREEASILYSINCEWEHAVENOMONEY,WECANTBUYIT3BECAUSE和SO不能同用在一个句子里。4结果状语从句1结果状语从句由SOTHAT,SUCHTHAT,SOTHAT引导。例如HEISSOPOORTHATHECANTBUYABIKEFORHISSONSHEISSUCHAGOODTEACHERTHATEVERYBODYLIKESHERMYPENCILFELLUNDERTHEDESK,SOTHATICOULDNTSEEIT2SOTHAT语SUCHTHAT可以互换。例如在由SOTHAT引导的结果状语从句中，SO是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是“SO形容词（副词）THAT从句”。例如HEWASSOGLADTHATHECOULDNTSAYAWORDTHEHALLISSOBIGTHATITCANHOLD2,000PEOPLEMOTHERLIVESSOFARAWAYTHATWEHARDLYEVERSEEHER在由SUCHTHAT引导的结果状语从句中，SUCH是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词A或AN。例如ITWASSUCHAHOTDAYTHATNOBODYWANTEDTODOANYTHINGHEHADSUCHLONGARMSTHATHECOULDALMOSTTOUCHTHECEILINGHEMADESUCHRAPIDPROGRESSTHATHEDIDVERYWELLINTHEMIDTERM有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如ITWASSUCHAWONDERFULFILMTHATALLOFUSWANTEDTOSEEITAGAINTHEFILMWASSOWONDERFULTHATALLOFUSWANTEDTOSEEITAGAINITISSUCHANIMPORTANTMATCHTHATNOBODYWANTSTOMISSITTHEMATCHISSOIMPORTANTTHATNOBODYWANTSTOMISSIT3如果名词前由MANY,MUCH,LITTLE,FEW等词修饰时，只能用SO,不用SUCH。例如SOONTHEREWERESOMANYDEERTHATTHEYATEUPALLTHEWILDROSESHEHASSOLITTLETIMETHATHECANTGOTOTHECINEMAWITHYOU5比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由ASAS,比较级THAN等连词引导。例如TOMRUNSFASTERTHANJOHNDOESTHISCLASSROOMISASBIGASTHATONE6目的状语从句1目的状语从句通常由SOTHAT,INORDERTHAT引导。例如WESTARTEDEARLYSOTHATWECOULDCATCHTHEFIRSTTRAINHESTUDIESHARDSOTHATHECOULDWORKBETTERINTHEFUTUREWEUSEDTHECOMPUTERINORDERTHATWEMIGHTSAVETIME2SOTHAT既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个1目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词CAN,COULD,MAY,MIGHT等。2从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如SPEAKCLEARLYSOTHATTHEYMAYUNDERSTANDYOU目的状语从句JACKISBADLYILLSOTHATHEHASTOREST结果状语从句7让步状语从句1让步状语从句通常由ALTHOUGH,THOUGH等连词引导。例如THOUGHHEISYOUNG,HEKNOWSALOTALTHOUGHIAMTIRED,IMUSTGOONWORKING2ALTHOUGHTHOUGH不能用在同一个句子中。例如我们不能说THOUGHITWASRAININGHARD,BUTHESTILLWENTOUT应该说THOUGHITWASRAININGHARD,HESTILLWENTOUT或ITWASRAININGHARD,BUTHESTILLWENTOUT8地点状语从句地点状语从句常常由WHERE来引导。例如GOWHEREYOULIKEWHERETHEREISAWILL,THEREISAWAY【实例解析】12004年北京市海淀区中考试题YOUWILLSTAYHEALTHY_YOUDOMOREEXERCISE,SUCHASRUNNINGANDWALKINGAIFBHOWCBEFOREDWHERE答案A。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，从句应是一个条件状语从句，在这四个选项中只有IF能引导条件状语从句，所以选A。22004年江西省中考试题SHALLWEGOONWORKINGYES,_IPREFERTOHAVEARESTAWHENBIFCBECAUSEDTHOUGH答案D。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，只有选THOUGH才能说得通。32004年徐州市中考试题NONEOFUSKNEWWHATHADHAPPENED_THEYTOLDUSABOUTITAWHENBUNTILCAFTERDTHOUGH答案B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词选择。本句的意思是“在以前我们没人知道这件事。”要表达着一意思应用“NOTUNTIL”这一句型。42004年泉州市中考试题IHOPEYOULLENJOYYOURTRIP,DEARTHANKYOU,MUMILLGIVEYOUACALL_IGETTHEREAUNTILBASSOONASCSINCEDTILL答案B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。本题的意思是“一到那里，我就给你打电话。”要表达这个意思应选用ASSOONAS。【中考演练】一单项填空1_HESOLD,HECANSTILLCARRYTHISHEAVYBAGATHOUGHBSINCECFORDSO2DOYOUKNOWIFHE_TOPLAYBASKETBALLWITHUSITHINKHEWILLCOMEIFHE_FREETOMORROWACOMESISBCOMESWILLBECWILLCOMEISDWILLCOMEWILLBE3INTHEZOOIFACHILD_INTOTHEWATERANDCANTSWIM,THEDOLPHINSMAYCOMEUP_HIMAWILLFALLTOHELPBFALLSTOHELPCWILLFALLHELPDFALLSHELPING4IDONTREMEMBER_HEWORKEDINTHATCITYWHENHEWASYOUNGAWHATBWHICHCWHEREDWHO5WEWILLSTAYATHOMEIFMYAUNT_TOVISITUSTOMORROWACOMESBCOMECWILLCOMEDISCOMING6THEPOLICEASKEDTHECHILDREN_CROSSTHESTREET_THETRAFFICLIGHTSTURNEDGREENANOTBEFOREBDONTWHENCNOTTOUNTILDNOTAFTER7IWASLATEFORCLASSYESTERDAY_THEREWASSOMETHINGWRONGWITHMYBIKEAWHENBTHATCUNTILDBECAUSE8ILLGOSWIMMINGWITHYOUIFI_FREETOMORROWAWILLBEBSHALLBECAMDWAS9INTHEEXAM,THE_YOUARE,_THE_MISTAKESYOUWILLMAKEACAREFULLITTLEBMORECAREFULFEWESTCMORECAREFULFEWERDMORECAREFULLESS10YOUSHOULDFINISHYOURLESSONS_YOUGOOUTTOPALYABEFOREBAFTERCWHENDWHILE11IHURRIED_IWOULDNTBELATEFORCLASSASINCEBSOTHATCASIFDUNLESS12WHENYOUREADTHEBOOK,YOUDBETTERMAKEAMARK_YOUHAVEANYQUESTIONSAWHICHBTHATCWHEREDTHOUGH13THETEACHERRAISEDHISVOICE_ALLTHESTUDENTSCOULDHEARHIMAFORBSOTHATCBECAUSEDINORDER14HETOOKOFFHISCOAT_HEFELTHOTABECAUSEBASCIFDSINCE15ITIS_THATWEDLIKETOGOOUTFORAWALKAALOVELYDAYBTOOLOVELYADAYCSOLOVELYADAYDSUCHLOVELYADAY16MARYHAD_MUCHWORKTODOTHATSHESTAYEDATHEROFFICEALLDAYASUCHBSOCTOODVERY17_IFELTVERYTIRED,ITRIEDTOFINISHTHEWORKAALTHOUGHBBECAUSECASDASIF18_THEDAYWENTON,THEWEATHERGOTWORSEAWITHBSINCECWHILEDAS19_WELLYOUCANDRIVE,YOUMUSTDRIVECAREFULLYASOLONGASBINORDERTHATCNOMATTERHOWDTHEMOMENT20WRITETOMEASSOONASYOU_TOBEIJINGAWILLGETBGETCGETTINGDGOT二根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1不管他跟我开什麽玩笑，我都不生气。IAMNOTANGRYWITHHIM,_JOKESHE_ONME2布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。MRSBRUCEWAS_KINDTOHERSTUDENTS_THEY_HER_THEIRMOTHER3只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。OURPARENTSWILLBEPLEASEDWITHOURPERFORMANCE_WETRYOURBEST4你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗WIL