英文摘要写作技巧

1、英文摘要写作技巧 医学论文(medical papers)的定义 医学论文是对整理和发表医学研究成果的一种特殊文本的总称，就其内容和文体特点而言科分为以下几种： 1.医学科研论文(scientific papers) 2.调查报告(survey) 3.综述(review) 4.学位论文(theses) 5.医学科研论文(scientific papers) u 医学科研论文定义 国际生物学编辑委员会对医学科研论文的定义为：必须是首次公布的应提供足够的资料，使同行们能够进行：评价所观察到的结果;评价其推理过程;重复实验。分为以下两种：临床研究(clinical study);基础研究或实验研究(

2、experimental study) u 医学科研论文的格式 医学科研论文必须具备以下几个部分： (1)标题(title) (2)摘要(abstract) (3)引言(introduction) (4)材料和方法(materials and methods) (5)结果(results) (6)讨论(discussion) (7)致谢(acknowledgement) (8)参考文献(references) 一、标题 (一)要求 1.简明扼要(short and concise) (1)尽量控制在一行，但不是一个句子 (2)不超过25个单词或1xxxx年龄 1.某一年龄 举例：a 50-ye

3、ar-old patient. patients (age 263 years). 2.在某年龄范围内及平均年龄 举例：patients range in age from to, with a mean of (50 years) 3.在某一年龄以上或以下 举例：patients more than 50 years. patients under/less than 50 years. 四、 性别、时间 1.性别 twelve patients (7 male and 5 female ) the male-to-female ratio was 1:4 2.时间 body weight

4、was measured weekly, and liver biopsy was obtained at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. 五、 诊断与治疗 1.诊断 be diagnosed as having be diagnosed as by /with be suspected as 2.治疗 be treated with(alone or in combination with ) be treated on outpatient/inpatient basis 举例： (1)patients (n = 539) with a history of duodenal ulc

5、er and a positive h. pylori screening test result were randomized into 4 groups. oac group received 20 mg omeprazole, (2)50 patients with active bleeding duodenal ulcer were randomly assigned to receive one of the four treatment regimens. u 结果部分 1.是文章结论的根据 2.应记录真实的科研数据 3.除指示性说明外，一般用过去时表示 一、 常用句型 1.结

6、果表明：the results showed / demonstrated / revealed / documented / indicated/suggestedthatit was found that 举例：the results showed that high thigh cuff doppler technique was 79 percent sensitive, 56 percent specific and 63 percent accurate. 2.与有关：a was related / correlated /associated with b. there was

7、a relationship /correlation between a and b. there was a relation of a with b and c 举例：insulin sensitivity index was negatively with blood velocity (r=0.530, p0.05), body mass index (r=o.563, p0.01) and baseline insulinemia (r=0.489, p0.05) 3.增加或减少 (1)表示数值增加的动词：increase, rise, elevate (2)表示数值增加的名词：i

8、ncrease, increment, elevation (3)表示数值减少的动词：decrease, reduce, fall, drop, decline, lower (4)表示数值减少的名词：decrease, decrement, reduction, fall, drop, decline, lowering (5)从增加到，平均增加：increase from to , with a mean/average (increase) of (6)从增加到，总的增加：increase from to , with an overall increase of (7)增加了10%：i

9、ncrease by (10%) 4.倍数比较 (1)增加或减少3倍：increase by 3 fold (times). a 3-fold increase (2)a 是 b的3倍：a is 3 fold (times) asas b. a is 3 fold (times) b 5.结果的统计学意义 (1)明显不同(significant difference) (2)很明显不同(very/highly significant difference) (3)区别不明显( insignificant difference) (4)无区别( nonsignificant difference

10、/no difference) 6.统计学意义常用句型 (1)there was/is significant difference inbetween a and b (2)the difference in between a and b was/is significant (3)a was/is significant difference from b in (4)no significant difference was found / observed / noted in between a and b in 表示区分的性质或内容 举例： (1)there were no si

11、gnificant difference between treatment groups in symptoms and lung function (p0.05). (2)significant difference were not noted in the level of hdl cholesterol, and ldl peak particle diameter before and after treatment. u 结论部分 是作者发表观点和见解，给读者的精髓部分 1.归纳性说明研究结果或发现 2.结论性说明结果的可能原因、机理或意义 3.前瞻性说明未解决的问题 一、结论部

12、分时态 1.过去时 (1)涉及本研究的内容 (2)涉及他人研究过程的内容 (3)作者认为只适用于本研究环境和条件的结论 2.现在时 (1)指示性说明 (2)普遍接受的思想、理论或结论 (3)作者认为本研究结论具有普遍意义 (4)前瞻性说明 举例：our findings indicate that hepatitis c is a progressive disease 指示性说明-现在时，but only a few died during the average 20.4 years after the initiation of injection drug use 本试验过程中发生的事

13、-过去时. antiviral treatment to eradicate the virus and halt the progression of diseases is indicated in this group of patients 作者认为具有普遍意义的结论-现在时. 二、 结论部分常用句型 1.结果提示：these results suggest that 举例：these data confirm the presence of at least two major hcv genotypes in nigeria. 2.结果支持或反对某种观点：these results

14、 support the idea that;these results fail to support the idea that 举例：these results do not support the idea that treatment to lower cholesterol concentration cause mood disturbance. 3.表示观点的确定或不确定性：there is no evidence that;it is likely/unlikely that 举例：there is no evidence that niddm produce any cha

15、nge in bone metabolism or mass. 4.具有意义：be of great (some/little/no) clinical significance into 举例：the detection of p53 gene is of great clinical significance in tumor diagnosis. 5.前瞻性说明：remain to be further studied;it is remains to be proved that 举例：however, the relation of insulin resistance to hyp

16、ertension remains to be further studied. 6.插入语：this is the first case of pancreas divisum. 举例：this is the first case, to our knowledge, of pancreas divisum. 小结u 中文是关键 符合英语习惯 不用简单句 注意词语的用法 注意时态 附：练习 24小时胃内酸度监测评价多种抑酸剂静脉 使用对十二指肠溃疡患者的抑酸效果 钟碧慧袁育红陈 湖林金坤胡品津 【摘要】目的对比各种常用抑酸剂对十二指肠溃疡出血患者胃酸的抑制效果。方法运用随机、开放的方法分析5

17、0例十二脂肠溃疡出血患者，分别使用奥美拉唑静脉滴注、法莫替丁静脉注射、雷尼替丁静脉注射、西咪替丁静脉注射或滴注。持续监测患者24小时胃内ph动态变化的情况、不同胃内ph值持续时间的百分率、24小时平均胃内ph和中位ph值。结果只有奥美拉唑80mg/天组可达到胃内平均ph和中位ph均6，法莫替丁80mg/天组可达到胃内平均ph和中位ph均4，其他治疗组均未达到ph4。24小时胃内ph4、ph5、ph6时间所占百分比依次递增为：奥美拉唑80mg/天组、法莫替丁80mg/天组、雷尼替丁200mg/天组、西咪替丁800mg/天组。各h2受体拮抗剂组与奥美拉唑静脉滴注组比较，差异均有显著性。结论静脉使用

18、质子泵抑制剂的抑酸效果明显优于h2受体拮抗剂，尤其是奥美拉唑静脉滴注胃内ph提高持续的时间较长。 comparative effects of intravenous infusion of omeprazole and h2-receptor antagonists on suppressing intragastric ph and the outcome of bleeding duodenal ulcer patients zhong bihui, yuan yuhong, chen minhu, et al. department of gastroenterology. the f

19、irst affiliated hospital of sun yet-sen university of medical science, guangzhou, 510080 【abstract】objectiveto evaluate the effects on 24-hour intragastric ph levels of infusions with omeprazole and h2 receptor antagonists in bleeding duodenal ulcer patients.methods50 patients with active bleeding d

20、uodenal ulcer were randomly assigned to receive one of the four treatment regimens. they were omeprazole 40mg iv infusion q12h, famotidine 40mg iv q12h, ranitidine 50mg iv q6h, cimetidine 200mg iv q6h etc. intragstric ph values were monitored in each subject at baseline and continuously for 24 hours after intravenous regimen.results