初中英语语法—连词.ppt

1、连词,稻田一中 李培军,连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分，主要作用是连接单词与单词、短语与短语、句子与句子。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。,连词,1. Mary likes music_Tom is found of sports. A. and B. but C. both A and B 2. I failed again, _ I wont give up. A. and B. but C. so 3. This is my first lesson, _ I dont know your names. A. and B. but C. so,and : 表对等 “和、并且”

2、 but: 表转折 “但是” so: 表因果 “所以”,and, or, but, so 基本用法,1. Which do you like better, apples, _ pears? A. and B. but C. or 2. Now we have no time _ money. A. so B. and C. or,or: 1. 用于疑问句, 表选择 2. 用于否定句, 表并列（肯定句用and）,3.Christine, Aileen _ (和) I are good friends. Study hard, _ (否则)youll fall behind. 4. Are yo

3、u coming by bus _(或者) on foot?,and,or,or,1. Try your best _ youll make more progress. A. and B. but C. or 2. Dont lose heart, _ youll lose all. A. and B. so C. or,and 和 or 都可以在祈使句中使用. and 通常是比较好的结果; or 则表示不愉快或不理想的结果.,and, or, but, so 基本用法,1. Its getting warmer _ warmer. A. and B. but C. or 2. He or

4、the twins _ the USA. A. comes from B. come from C. is from 4. Not Tom but I _ going to give the talk. A. am B. is C. are,adj.比 + and + adj.比 表示越来越,A or B 和 not A but B 结构作主语时，谓语动词要使用就近原则。,and, or, but, so 特殊用法,1. Although I have passed the exam, _ I am not pleased with the result. A. and B. but C. /

5、,and, or, but, so 特殊用法,although 和 but 不能同时出现。,“so+情态动词/助动词/be动词+主语”句型为倒装结构，意思为“也是如此”，系动词、情态动词或助动词必须与上句中的谓语动词保持时态的一致。例：-I like reading novels when I am free.有空闲时我喜欢读小说。-So do I.我也是。 “so+主语+情态动词/助动词/be动词” 表示对上文所说的情况加以肯定。意思为“确实如此”。-He works hard.他工作努力。-So he does, and so does his brother.他确实是这样，他兄弟也是如此

6、。,2.So的特殊用法,1. Both Peter and I _ going to Guangzhou. A. are B. is C. am 2. Either apples or rice _ Ok. I am hungry. A. are B. is C. / 3. Neither I nor my parents _ to tell you the truth. A. wants B. want C. is going to 4. Not only I but also Jane _ sure that well win. A. is B. are C. am,bothand,eit

7、heror,neithernor,not onlybut also,以上结构做主语，除bothand 谓语要用复数外，其余都使用就近原则。,1、这里的天气既不太冷也不太热。 The weather here is _too hot _too cold. 2、她不但美丽而且聪明。 She is _pretty _ clever. 3、不是你对就是我对。 _ you _ I _ correct (形容词：正确的).,neither,nor,not only,but also,Either,or,am,用适当的连词填空,连 词 练 习,连接条件状语从句：,1、Youll be late _(如果)

8、you dont get up early tomorrow. 2、Ill come to see you _(如果) Im free next Saturday. 3、Well have a picnic tomorrow _(如果) it doesnt rain tomorrow.,* 注意状语从句的时态：“主将从现”。,if,if,if,连 词 练 习,连接时间状语从句,I was cleaning the floor _(当的时候) she knocked at the door. Dick climbed up into a tree _(一就) he saw the bear. I

9、 knew nothing about it _(直到才) my friend told me yesterday. I havent heard from Bill _(自从) we graduated from middle school.,when,as soon as,until,since,连接原因、结果状语从句,You should return the digital camera to Sally _ she will not be angry. A. so that B. because C. before 2. He was hurt _ badly _ he had to

10、 see a doctor. A. tooto B. so that C. so that 3.He took off his coat _ it was too hot in the room. A.And B. since C. but 4. Solo missed the bus _ he was late for school. A. because B. so C. or,连接让步状语从句,Tom is still doing his homework _ it is very late. A. so that B. even though C. if 2. I never seem

11、 to put on any weight,_ hard I try. A. though B. no matter how 3. I enjoy learning English, _ it takes me a lot of time. A. unless B. although C. because 4. I will never give up learning English _ (即使) it is difficult.,even though,1) 如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如： I stayed at ho

12、me because it rained. -Why arent you going? -Because I dont want to. 2) 如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。since比as稍微正式一点。as和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如： As he wasnt ready, we left without him. Since I have no money, I cant buy any food. 3) for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。for引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如： I decid

13、ed to stop and have lunch，for I was feeling quite hungry.,as, because, since , for,连 词 用 法 比 较,三者均可译为“在时候”。when引导的从句，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。一般来说，当主句的动作正在进行时，when引导的从句的动作才发生；while引导的从句中，动词只能是延续性的，一般来说，当while引导的从句的动作正在进行时，主句的动作才发生；若主从句动作同时发生，且强调“一边一边”这样的意思，一般用 as。 When I came into the room, I found him l

14、ying there asleep. She sang as she walked. 她一边走一边唱歌。注意：while 可以表示对比关系“然而”。He is short while his brother is tall.,when，while，as,连 词 用 法 比 较,if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句是一般可互换。例如： I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school. 在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if： .在不定式前。例如： I havent made up my mind whether t

15、o go there or not. .用or并列两项以上时。例如：I dont now whether he comes or not. .从句作介词宾语时只用whether不用if。 It depends on whether it will be fine.那得看是不是晴天。 .作discuss等动词的宾语时，用whether不用if。 We discussed whether we should close the shop.我们讨论是不是该关掉商店,if, whether,连 词 用 法 比 较,1) sothat中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such.that中的su

16、ch是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如： Im so tired that I cant walk any farther. It was such a warm day that he went swimming. 2) 如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时，用so,不用such。例如： He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.,sothat, such.that,连 词 用 法 比 较,1. Ill tell your father the truth as soon as he _

17、here. A. arrives B. arrived C. arrives at 2. We dont know if he _ us for the picnic. Ill call you if he _. A. joins; comes B. will join; comes C. will join; will come 3. Nobody knows when the windows _. But Ill tell you when I _ the answer. A. broke; find out B. broken; will find out C. were broken;

18、 find out,连 词 用 法 练 习,4. You wont understand until you _ him. A. meet B. meeting C. will meet 5. You will fail in English _ you work hard. A. because B. unless C. if 6. Just because we are young, _ we should work even harder. A. so B. / C. but 7. It has been seven years since he _ here. A. left B. l

19、eaves C. leave,连 词 用 法 练 习,8. The little boy _ when I came in. A. falls down B. fell down C. was fell down 9. We were reading when the teacher _ in. A. came B. comes C. is coming 10. He became a doctor when he _the university. A. graduated from B. graduate from C. graduated for,11. Tom works in a ho

20、spital _ Mary works in a company. A. because B. until C. while 12. While his mother was washing, he _ his homework. A. do B. did C. was doing 13. The little boy fell alseep while he _ the music. A. was listen B. was listening to C. listened to,表示对比，“然而，而”,while表示“当的时候”。 两个动词同时发生。必须使用延续性动词。,14. Hurry up, _ you will miss the train. A. and B. so C. however D. or 15. The mountain was _ steep(陡峭的）_ few people in our city reached the top. A. soas B. sothat C. asas D. tooto,连 词 用 法 练 习,用适当的连词填空,1. _they are brothers, they dont look like each other at all. 2. The dress was very expensive, _ I didnt