3 ATP and energy release - Biology3 ATP和能量释放生物

1、ATP and energy release,Higher Human Biology,Lesson Aims,To compare aerobic and anaerobic respiration To learn about structure and function of ATP To learn about the three stages of respiration,Metabolism,Metabolism - all chemical reactions that occur in cells Catabolism produces energy when bonds be

2、tween atoms in our food are broken Anabolism requires energy to make new bonds building up molecules,Aerobic Respiration,Organisms break down organic materials through the process of aerobic cellular respiration. The goal of this process is to break down organic material and harness the released ene

3、rgy in the form of ATP, the universal currency of biological energy.,Anaerobic Respiration,A few organisms can live without oxygen (anaerobically). These organisms are capable of metabolizing organic material, but their ATP yield is much lower than that found in aerobic respiration.,ATP and ADP,Aden

4、osine triphosphate,Adenosine diphosphate,Respiration,3 stages: Glycolysis Krebs cycle Cytochrome system,CYTOPLASM GLYCOLYSIS OCCURS HERE,MITOCHONDRION AEROBIC RESPIRATION OCCURS HERE,ATP TOTAL GLYCOLYSIS= 2 CYTOCHROME SYSTEM = 36 TOTAL= 38,CYTOCHROME SYSTEM,ACETYL- CoA,GLUCOSE C6H12O6,PYRUVIC ACID,K

5、REBS CYCLE,H2O,Glycolysis,Anaerobic Takes place in cytoplasm Breakdown of glucose (6C) Produces 2 molecules of pyruvic acid (3C) Net gain of 2 ATP Hydrogen released is transferred to Cytochrome system by NAD If no oxygen present, pyruvic acid converted to lactic acid,Glycolysis,Mitochondrion,Krebs C

6、ycle,Aerobic Takes place in matrix of mitchondria Also called TCA or Citric acid cycle Pyruvic acid diffuses into matrix and is broken down into Acetyl CoA (2C) Acetyl CoA binds with 4C molecule to give citric acid Citric acid broken down into 4C molecule by series of enzyme-controlled reactions Produces CO2 Hydrogen released is transferred to Cytochrome system by NAD,Krebs Cycle,Cytochrome System,Takes place on cristae of mitochondria Also called electron transfer chain Hydrogen passed along chain 36 ATP produced Oxygen is final hydrogen acceptor releasing water,Cyt