大学英语创意阅读第2册第2单元答案

1、Unit 2 Schooldays: An Effective Education System Words to noteappalled17despair10primitive8bureaucracy3dominated16rationale1cajole14effectively4receptive12carefree11frantically18severe9compulsory2intolerable5tender7cooperative13motivated15tertiary6Understanding the textPart A: Comprehending the text

2、TrueFalse1The first paragraph suggests that the writer believes young people are themselves responsible for being educational failures.The introductory paragraph asks a challenging question: Is it possible that the children are not at .fault at all, but society itself? Also, failures is in inverted

3、commas. This suggests the word should be interpreted differently: it suggests the children are not at fault.2The speaker believes that school examinations are appropriately timed in the lives of schoolchildren.Look at speech paragraph 2: Children have to sit exams at an age when they are least recep

4、tive to formal learning.3Usually, only children who have previously failed examinations are given the opportunity to study interesting subjects.In speech paragraph 3: Intterestiug subjects are available only for those who have already been labelled as failures.(The teacher might suggest that this in

5、dicates a topsyturvy situation, where failures get a better deal while those who succeed are virtually pu,tished. )4Parents often contribute to the pressure schoolchildren are put under.In speech paragraph 3: Many words in this paragraph indicate pressure: push, cajole, threaten, force, search frant

6、icalIy.In speech paragraph 4: Parents are .foolish if they despair at their childrens perfectIy normal behaviour. 5In some cases, the present educational system has the opposite effect to the one it is aiming at.You might ask whether the educational system has anyclear idea at all about its objectiv

7、es. But assuming the educational system aims to educate children, the text suggests very definitely that it is failing totally, e. g.In speech paragraph 4: The system might wake or break children in their early teenage.In speech paragraph 5: There are severe penalties in thesystem.In speech paragrap

8、h 6: The present system is frighteningand threatening.6Childhood is the best time to study from the point of view of the development of the brain.In speech paragraph 7: between the ages of five and 18 . the brain is biologically at its most receptive .7There are many educational reasons for the pres

9、ent system of education.Speech paragraph 7 describes the organization of the school day ( 40- minute pieces of learning ) as not designed to encourage serious study. And speech paragaph 8 tells us that the system is not efficient: it takes up to 11 years to teach children up to a low level o. f Engl

10、ish .8The speaker agrees with all the arguments of the NUS.Speech paragraph 11 tells us that the writer has no ideawhether the NUS is correct in believing that children would actually learn more. But, tile writer is sure theywould be happier - perhaps you could encourage a classdebate, at this stage

11、, on the subject Happy children should be the primary objective o primary and secondary education systems. Part B: Interpreting the text1. Why, in paragraph 2 of the debate speech, does the speaker describe failing an examination as being like a death sentence?These exams decide their .futures and t

12、he penalties .for .failure are .final. Also look at speech paragraph 6 - the threat of being a .failure .for life is perhaps even worse than a death sentence.2. Why does the speaker mention the labour market in paragraph 4 of the speech?The labour market does not urgently need newly qualified people

13、 . There is no hurry; the situation is not critical.3. Why does the speaker introduce such exact figures in paragraph 7 of the speech?To compare the large number of lessons (17,745) with the tiny result (how little I knew at the end . )and also to say that 40-minute pieces of learning and little pie

14、ces of 9eography or history or biology do not really add up to any substantial body of knowledge. Perhaps, too, the writer wants to show that mere statistics (17,745 lessons) do not really prove that the results are good.4. What does the word subjected in paragraph 7 of the speech tell us about the

15、speakers attitude towards his own education?The word suggests an unpleasant experience. The writer was, when a child, the subject - and the education system was the boss. The results o.1 the childs subjection were not good. Also look at speech paragraph 8 again: the system can never be called e. eff

16、icient; it simply helps the administrators and the bureaucrats.Developing your skillsPart A: Using reference markersCircle the letter of your choice.1. c)In the text, schooldays is related to remember - schooldays is the object of remember; them is also the object - of the second verb remember. The

17、pronoun them means exactly the same, in this sentence, as the noun schooldays2. b)Here, it is connected - or linked - to this question by the word as. And as it exists in Britain specifies that the discussion is limited to present-day Britain.3. c)This is more difficult: those refers, here, to the s

18、chool children mentioned in the previous sentence! So the link - or the connection - is more distant. All the words in this phrase give clues to the link: but, for example, is very important here because it indicates a limitation on what is being discussed. (The teacher might wish to point out that

19、there are many small words which are very important in English -and but is one of these. A useful class exercise can be given in which each student- or perhaps pair of students - creates an original sentence in which but is an essential part. You can emphasise that, although the word is simple, it i

20、s often very important indeed in communication. )4. a)Here we need to go back to the subject of this long sentence - namely parents !Find and circle five more examples of reference markers in the text. For each marker, draw an arrow to the part of the text it refers to. Compare your examples with th

21、ose of a partner.But (speech paragraph 4, line 26) does two jobs. It refers back to the whole subject of exams and pressures; it also signals that there is going to be a change of direction in the whole discussion.It (speech paragraph 4, line 32) refers back to the problem if children suddenly stop

22、reading - and the paragraph goes on to say that this is not really a problem.So (speech paragraph 4, line 36) is another small but very important linking word. Often - as here - it is used to wrap up, or conclude, an argument.If (speech paragraph 5, line 38) introduces a hypothetical situation. It r

23、aises the idea of imagining big changes and new conditions. Again, its a small word with many uses.In speech paragraph 8, .for example is perhaps a more simple instance of linking: here the inefficiency of the present system is shown clearly by the example - i. e. it takes up to 11 years to produce

24、even basic results.Part B: Using discourse markers1. Ive been really busy this week with five assignments to complete. However/Yet last week was easy as I only had one to do.Function: showing contrast2. Although there are some minor disadvantages, on the whole / in general / generally s peaking / ov

25、erall, I prefer studying at university to secondary school.Function: generalizing3. Nobody is allowed in here except / except for / with the exception of the principal and the most senior members of staff.Function: introducing exceptions4. Your progress seems to have been variable. Some assignments

26、are OK, but as for / as regards your last written assignment . it was a complete disaster!Function: focusing attention5. Ive finished all my assignments so / and so / so now I can go to the cinema this evening and relax.Function: showing logical sequenceFunctionExampleListing PointsThere are several

27、 problems in the present system. Firstly, theres the problem of exams. Secondly, theres the pressure from parents. Thirdly, theres the issue of competition among students .Giving AdditionalInformationRelaxation and fun should be part of education. Furthermore, bright new ideas often come to kids whe

28、n, theyre relaxing.Showing Contrast with Preceding InformationI was subjected to thousands upon thousands of boring classroom hours. Yet I dont remember much of what I was taught! / I dont remember much of what I was taught though!Showing Logical SequenceSo my experience suggests very strongly that

29、something is seriously wrong with the system .Introducing Exceptions and ExamplesI think my experience is shared by millions of other students, except perhaps those w/to dont have any opinions of their own!GeneralizingAs a rule, teachers probably have good intentions.Focusing Attentionon a TopicAs .far as homework is concerned, I recommend that the a mount be reduced by eighty per cent.Extending your vocabularyPart A: Words to note1. His carefree attitude sometimes makes people think he doesnt take his studies seriously enough.2. I really find the fact that so many students have copie