高考英语完形填空解题技能

1、高考英语完形填空解题技能,答题技巧： 根据并列关系解答 根据语意复现解答 利用前后搭配解答 利用逻辑推理解答,高考英语完形填空解题技能实战演练（1）,根据并列关系解答完形填空题,因果关系、,类属关系,相对关系等,同类关系,例1 These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows 23 and pale and has changed so much that it is almost unrecognizable to the parents. 23. A. sick B. slim C. short D. small,因果关系,解析 选项中 只

2、有ill才与pale 有相关性(因果关系)，即因为“生病”，所以脸色才会“苍白”，故选A。,例2Edgar Allan Poe, whose life was short and seemingly unhappy, wrote stories and poems of mystery and 22 insanity(疯狂) and death. (2009届佛山二模) 22. A. happiness B. science C. societyD. terror,同类关系,解析因为只有terror(恐怖)才与mystery(神秘)、insanity(疯狂)和death(死亡)是表示同类意义的

3、名词，而不可能是与“happiness(幸福)”“science(科学)”或“society(社会)”并列，故选D。,例3Edgar Allan Poe is also remembered as the father of modern detective fiction, stories of an investigator who has to solve murders and other 27 (2009届佛山二模) 27. A. accidentsB. crimes C. eventsD. incidents,类属关系,解析因为“murder(凶杀)”是各种“crimes(犯罪)”

4、行为中的一种，所以与“murder(凶杀)”并列应是“其他各种犯罪行为”，故选B。,例4 When Christ was born nearly two thousandyearsago, many people, rich and _, gave him presents. A. illB. healthyC. poorD. tall,相对关系,解析因为由句意可知，应当是指“耶稣出生时，许多人，无论贫富，都给他礼物”，故选择与rich相对意义的poor，即选C。,Nobel was upset to find out not that he had died, but that, when

5、his time was up, he would be thought of only as one who profited from _and destruction. A. death B. disease C. trouble D. attack,1. A。与destruction (毁灭)并列应当是death(死亡)，故选A。,即时练习,2. The poverty(贫困) wasworse than anything my young companions had ever imagined. Back in the hotel, an air of sadness settle

6、d over the group. Many_and cried. (2009年浙江28题) gave up B. broke down C. set off D. held on,2. B。与cried(哭)并列应当是break down(情绪失控)，故选B。,3. Its not easy being a teenager nor is it easy being the parent of a teenager. You can make your child feel angry, hurt, or _ by what you say without realizing it your

7、self. A. dismissedB. misunderstood C. misledD. satisfied,3. B。与angry (生气)和hurt (伤害)意义相关的应当是misunderstood(误解)，故选B。,4. my mother said that we might soon be leaving for America I was saying goodbye to my friends and relatives. When we were leaving I thought about all the places I was going to see - the

8、 strange and _ places I had known only from books and pictures. A. unfrequented B. remote C. different D. magical,4. D。与strange(陌生的)并列应当是magical(神奇的)，故选D。,5. When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music

9、is nice, people seem to say, but not important This view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is _ and important for all students. A. beneficialB. available C. expensiveD. powerful,5. A。与important(重要的)并列，且符合语境的，应当是beneficial(有益的)，句意为：“音乐教育对所有学生来说，是有益的，也是重要的。”,根据语义复现解答完形填空题,同词复现,同义复现,结构复现,例1 Tal

10、es of the supernatural are common in all parts of Britain. In particular, there was (and perhaps still is) a belief in fairies(仙女). Not all of these 21 are the friendly, people-loving characters that appear in Disney films, and (2008年广东高考) A. babies B. believers C. fairies D. supermen,一、同词复现,解析前句说是人

11、们“相信有仙女”，后句“并非所有这些_ 是友好的”，承前逻辑，空格处应填“仙女”了，故选C。,例2 There were many ways to prevent this from happening: hanging a knife over the babys head while he slept or covering him with some of his fathers clothes were just two of the recommended 27 . A. cases B. tools C. steps D. methods,二、同义复现,解析前句说“避免这类的事发生

12、有许多方法(ways)”，冒号后的解释，“在小孩睡觉时在其头上悬挂一把刀，或者用其父亲的裤子盖着他，就是其中值得推荐的两种_”，承前逻辑，自然是其中的两种“方法”，与ways同义的是methods，故选D。,例3 Alfred Nobel became a millionaire and changed the ways of mining, construction, and warfare as the inventor of dynamite (炸药) . “Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became 23 by finding ways to kill more peop

13、le faster than ever before, died yesterday.” A. famous B. sick C. rich D. popular,三、结构复现,解析 Alfred Nobel引导定语从句的who指代的就是Alfred Nobel，两句是相似的,且两句的后部分的内容各为“发明了炸药”与“找到了更快的杀人方式”，可以想象，两者的意义何等接近！可见，与“变成百万富翁”对应的应当是“变成富裕”，故选C。,Wouldnt it be great if we didnt have to remember passwords （密码）ever again? If we co

14、uld just sit in front of our computers and be automatically logged in（登录）? Crave mentions how NEC Soft Biode Logon system uses face recognition （识别）technology to log you on to Windows, rather than using a _. A. face B. password C. software D. system,即时练习,前面说了“如果不必再记密码”对此问的回答是“系统是如何用脸部识别技术来帮你登陆，而不是用_

15、”。承前逻辑，此处应当是“而不是用密码”，故选B。,2. After doing a little research, I found this type of technology already available in English to consumers via a relatively inexpensive application called Face Code. The_ requires the use of a webcam to recognize and log PC users into their systems. (2007年广东高考27题) A. accou

16、ntB. consumer C. designerD. software,答案为D。与application(应用软件)同义的是software，故选 D。,3. Grasslands need time to recover when cattle and other animals feed on them. Moving animals from one field to another can provide the _needed for new growth. A. cattle B. time C. space D. help,3. B。前句“当牛或其他动物吃了牧草地上的草后，牧

17、草地需要时间才可恢复”，本句“动物的迁徙就可以提供草生长所需要的_”，承前句逻辑，可知空格处填“时间”，故选B。,4. On 27 February 2008, something unusual happened in Britain; there was a rather large earthquake. It was the _UK earthquake in 25 years. A. biggest B. loudest C. deadliest D. scariest,4.A。前句“2008年2月27日，英国发生了一件不寻常的事，一场非常大的地震”，本句“是25年来英国最_的地震”

18、 。承前逻辑，应当是“最大的”地震，故选A。,5. Most people believe they dont have much imagination. They arewrong. Everyone has _, but most of us, once we become adults, forget how tomake use of it. (原创) A. creativity B. memory C. imagination D. limitation,5. C。前句说：“多数人认为他们自己没有想象力。他们的这种观点是错误的。”承前逻辑，“(事实上)每个人都有想象力，只是”，故选

19、C。,6. When he arrived at his fathers house, he was told that his father had been in hospital for a week. He was about toleave for (去；前往) the _when he saw A. city B. hospital C. factory D. university,6. B。前面说“当他回到父亲家时，初告知他父亲已住院一周了”，承前逻辑，他应是“去医院”，故选B。,7. Once adults understand what children are commun

20、icating through their behavior, they can respond better. When children feel respected and have their needs met, there is no longer a reason to use challenging _ to communicate. A. actionB. language C. gesture D. behavior,7. D。前句说，“成年人一旦懂得小孩通过行为要表达的意思，就会作出更好的应对。”承前逻辑，本句应为“当孩感觉得到尊重和满足需求时，他们就不再用挑战性的行为来

21、交流了”。故选D。,利用前后搭配解答完形填空题,在解答完形填空时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有助于我们作出正确选择。,动词与介词的搭配,动词与其宾语的搭配,句式结构上的搭配和 习语搭配等,根据动词与其后介词的搭配关系来选择一个恰当的动词。 例1 On April 12, 1888, Alfreds brother Ludwig died of heart attack. A major French newspaper _ his brother for him and (2009年广东高考21题) A. found B. misunderstood C. mistook D. judged,一、

22、动介搭配,解析能与“A for B”搭配的在四个选项中只有选项C, mistake X for Y 意为“误以为X是Y”,故选C。,根据动词与其宾语是否可以搭配、在意义上是否符合逻辑或常识来确定选用哪个动词。 例2 Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to _ the Nobel Prizes, which would be awarded to people who (2009年广东高考28题) A. establish B. form C. develop D. promote,解析在不定式短语中

23、，宾语是“诺贝尔奖”，动词该用哪一个？设立？形成？发展？促进？根据常识，能与“奖项”搭配的，在这四个选项中只有“设立”，故选A。,二、动宾搭配,根据句式或句型的搭配来确定填哪一个词。 例3 The book tells us of useful skills such as how to put what you have learned into pictures of your mind to your memory better. A. make B. turn C. 1et D. change,三、句式搭配,解析在四个选项中，能接“宾语+形容词作宾补”的只有选面A，make your

24、memory better意为“使你的记忆力变得更好”，故选A。,根据习惯用语的固定搭配来确定正确选项。 例4 Intellectual property (IP) (知识产权) is a product of the mind that has commercial value. The concept _ back to 1623 when the first patent law to protect IP rights was passed. (2009年茂名二模21题) A. holds B. dates C. sets D. turns,解析 date back to是惯用短语，意

25、为“追溯到”，故选B。 值得注意的是，解题时，不能一看到搭配就选答案，这样往往容易出错。因为有时单独看空格前后或单独看空格所在句，除正确答选项外，其他选项也可能与其前后构成搭配，这时，还需要根据上下文的意思和逻辑，同时也需要结合生活常识才能定夺。,四、习语搭配,例5 Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel Prizes, which would be awarded to people who made great _ to the causes of pea

26、ce, literature, and the sciences. A. additions B. sacrifices C. changes D. contributions 解析 四个选项都可构成习语搭配: make additions to 给增加 make sacrifices to 对做出牺牲 make changes to对作修改 make contributions to 对作贡献 但根据句意和常识，奖项应当奖给那些为和平、文学和科学“作出贡献”的人，故选D。,1. Dance can be art, ritual(仪式；礼制), or recreation（娱乐）. It go

27、es beyond the functional purposes of the movement used in work or athletics in order to express emotions, moods, or ideas; tell a story; 22 religious, political, economic, or social needs; (2009华附三模22题) A. doB. haveC. performD. serve,即时练习,1. D。与宾语need搭配，表示“满足需要”，选项中只有动词serve，故选D。,2. It was a beautif

28、ul letter, but there was no way, except for the name Michael, to identify the owner. Maybe if I called the information center, the operator could find a phone listing for the address on the envelope. Actually, I took great_ to find both Hannah and Michael, who still remained single. A. pains B. risk

29、s C. actions D. cautions,2. A。因表示“煞费苦心做某事”是take great pains to do sth，故选A。另外，take risks to do sth“冒险做某事”，take actions to do sth“采取行动做某事”不合语境。,3. Participating workplaces let employees （员工；雇员）wear jeans （牛仔裤）on October 5 for a $5 donation. “Its a real way for everyone to feel like theyre making a _,”

30、 says the Emmy-winning actress. A. difference B. decision C. friend D. profit,3. A。make a difference 意为“有影响，起作用”。根据上文：Hargitay发起一个为乳腺癌研究募款的项目，即通过上班穿牛仔裤的员工捐款5元钱。她认为这是一个让每个人感觉在起作用，出一份力的有效途径。,4. If someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/she must consult the original artists

31、, who will normally be 25 financially for its use. A. rewarded B. praised C. awarded D. punished,4. A。“reward for sth./doing sth.”即“为（做）某事而报答”，“award sb. sth./sth. to sb.”即“授予某人某物”，可知A项正确。,5. On April 12, 1888, Alfreds brother Ludwig died of heart attack. A major French newspaper mistook his brother

32、 for him and carried an article _ the death of Alfred Nobel. “The merchant of death is dead.” the article read. A. introducing B. announcing C. implyingD. advertising,5. B。由常识可知，报社应是“发布”消息；根据动宾关系，能与宾语“阿尔弗雷德诺贝尔死亡的消息”搭配的也应当是“发布”，而不是“介绍”“暗示”“给做广告”，故选B，announce (give information about)。,利用逻辑推理解答完形填空题,根据

33、上文信息推理,根据下文信息推理,根据上文信息推理,例1On April 12, 1888, Alfreds brother Ludwig died of heart attack. A major French newspaper mistook his brother for him and“Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became rich by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday.” Nobel was _ to find out not that he had

34、died, but that, when his time was up, he would be thought of only as one who profited from death and destruction. A. upset B. anxious C. excited D. pleased,解析前面讲报道中的两件事：一是报社误以为诺贝尔是他的兄弟死了，二是说他是靠发现更快的杀人方式发财。根据生活常识，作为诺贝尔本人，看到这篇报道，不可能感到“渴望(anxious)”“兴奋(excited)”或“高兴(pleased)”，而应当是“不高兴(upset)”，故选A。本句大意：诺

35、贝尔感到不快，不是因为报社误解他死了，而是在他死后被认为是一个靠制造死亡和毁灭而赚钱的人。,例2It was then feared that the fairies had come and stolen the baby away and replaced the human baby with a fairy Changeling. There were many ways to prevent this from happening: hanging a knife over the babys head while he slept or covering him with some

36、 of his fathers clothes were just two of the recommended methods. However, hope was not lost even if the baby had been . (2008年广东卷28题) A. missed B. stolen C. found D. lost,解析空格前两句说人们害怕仙女来偷小孩(stolen the baby away)及其阻止此事发生的方法，所以空格句应是“即使小孩被偷走了，也还是有希望的”，故选B。,例3 Not all of these fairies are the friendly,

37、 people-loving characters that appear in Disney films, and in some folktales they are_ and cause much human suffering. A. powerful B. cruel C. frightened D. extraordinary,根据下文信息推理,解析根据空格后面的信息 “and cause much human suffering(会造成人类的痛苦)” 可以推断出，“在某些民间故事中，仙女是残酷的”，故选B )。,例4 To make sure that he was 26 wit

38、h love and respect, Nobel arranged in his 27 to give the largest part of his money to establish the Nobel Prizes, which would be awarded to people who made great contributions to the causes of peace, literature, and the sciences. So basically, Nobel had to die before he realized what his life was re

39、ally about. (2009年广东卷) 26. A. repaidB. described C. supportedD. remembered 27. A. bookB. article C. willD. contract,D. remembered,C. will,解析第26题，由空格后面的信息“诺贝尔在遗嘱中安排捐出他的钱来设立诺贝尔奖”可以推出，其目的是为了让自己被别人爱戴与尊敬地“纪念，铭记(remembered)”他，而不是“报答(repaid)”“描述(described)”“支持(supported)”他，从而改变当时人们对他的看法，故选D。 第27题，由最后一句中的di

40、e这一关键词可以得到启示，设立诺贝尔奖应是在他的“遗嘱(will)”中作的安排，故选C。,I . 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节: 完形填空 （共15小题； 每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该题涂黑。 Just before Christmas 1978, Kenneth was a passenger in a car as it drove through the Navajo NationThe night was dark, and the driver, an elderly w

41、oman, 1 and killed an eight-year-old boy 1AstruckBtouched CfoundDstopped,揭阳市2011年第二次高考模拟考试英语完形填空1参考答案,Later, when he saw how sad the boys family were, Kenneth made a（n） 2 He would “do whatever it takes to make 3 happy at Christmas time.” 2Aconclusion BexcuseCpromiseDeffort 3Athe familyBchildrenCbrot

42、hersDhis mother,揭阳市2011年第二次高考模拟考试英语完形填空2参考答案,A year later, at the age of 18, he was living with his mother and younger brother. They were hardly making ends meet on his low wages, but Kenneth bought a used Santa suit and went around 4 people as poor as himself to give candy and fruit for families even more needy 4Asuggesting BpersuadingCrequiringDcalling,揭阳市2011年第二次高考模拟考试英语完形填空3参考答案,Just before midnight on Christmas Eve, he went knocking on doors of 5 houses in the poo