现在完成时态

1、现在完成时态 详细讲解及其练习一、现在完成时由“have/has+过去分词”构成，主要有两个含义：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，常用的时间状语有many times，just，yet，ever，never，just，already，so far, by now等。I have already watched the TV play. 我已经看过这部电视剧了。（现在我对它不感兴趣了）Have you found your lost pen yet?No, I havent found it yet.（我很着急）表示动作或者状态在过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还将持续下去。用于延续性动

2、词，常常与so far、for或者since短语连用。since + 时间点 /从句，for + 时间段，如for two months等。1）现在完成时和一般过去时都能表示过去发生过的动作，但现在完成时表示过去动作对现在的影响，并且表示这一动作已完成或还可能继续下去；2）而一般过去时与现在的情况没有联系，仅表示过去的动作，且这一动作到说话时已终止。因此现在完成时不能与表示明确的过去时间如：in1949，yesterday，last week等的状语连用，并且用when或where对这些时间和地点状语提问时，一般只用一般过去时。三、在“it is first/second.time that.

3、。”或在“it/this/that is the +最高级+名词+that.。”结构中，that从句中的动词常用现在完成时；在“it + be .+since从句”这一结构中，be可用一般现在时或现在完成时，since从句一般用过去时。现在完成时可以和带有 since 或 for 等表示“一段时间”的状语连用，表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。如：I havent seen him for two years.但是，像 come, arrive, buy 等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续

4、性动词的转换arrivebe here die be dead begin(start)be on come backbe back fallill(sick,asleep)be ill(sick,asleep) leave be away get upbe up finish be over open be open close be closed borrow keep 或 be on be in 或 be a member of go to schoolbe a student buy have catch(a cold) have(a cold) begin to studystudy

5、 get to know know come to workwork 等如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。 The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。几点注意事项（1）have been(to)与 have gone( to)的区别：have been(to)表示“去过某地（现在已

6、经回来了）”，可用于 各人称；have gone(to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，前者可与 once , never, several times 等连用，后者则不能。He has been to Beijing.他去过北京（已经回来了）He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。 （还没有回来）have/has been in 待在某地如：They have been in Beijing.他们呆在北京。（2）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连 用。 如：I havent left here

7、since 1997.自从 1997 年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。现在完成时态练习题一 选择填空。( ) 2. Her father _in1990 and her husband _for more than five years.(A) died ,dead (B) has died, dead(C) died ,has been dead (D) has died, has died( ) 3. I have _this nice watch for two years. (A) had (B) bought (C) borrowed (D) lend( ) 4.He _his hom

8、e for ten years.(A)has left (B)left from(C)has been away from (D)was away from( ) 5.He _a league member for three years(A)is (B)has been (C)has become (D)have become( ) 6.Lihuas brother has _for two years(A)joined the army (C)become a soldier(B)been an army (D)been in the army( ) 7.He hasnt _Quanzho

9、u ever since he left school(A) left (B)been away (C)been (D)away二 选择填空( ) 1. Have you finished your homework Yes, I _it last night(A) finish (B)finished (C)have finished (D)will finish( ) 2. _you ever _to Nanjing Yes, I _there last year. (A)Havegone, have gone (B)Didgo, went (C)Havebeen , went (D)Di

10、dgo, has , been )( ) 3.When _you _Lucy in New York?I _her for two years(A) didmeet, havent seen (B)didmeet, dont see(C) havemet, havent seen( ) 4.He _finished his homework yet .( A) didnt (B)havent (C) hasnt (D) doesnt have ( )5.Have you _traveled on the banch?Yes, I have.(A)just (B)yet C)never (D)e

11、ver( )6.Have you finished your homework Not_(A)ever (B)already . (C)yet (D)just .( ) 7 We havent finished our homework，_. (A) already ( (B)ever (C)yet (D)never( )8.Have you_ learned English?Yes, Ive _learned a lot.(A)never, ever (B)ever, never (C)ever, already (D)already. ever( ) 9.Have you finished

12、 your homework _?Yes, Ive _done that.(A) yet, already (B)already, yet (C)ever, never (D)still, just( )10.Johns father _borrowed some pictures(A ) has just (B)have ever (C)has yet (D)have already( )1.My mother has worked in this factory _2 years.（A）about ( (B)for (C)in (D)since（ )2. His father joined

13、 the party_ (A)since three years ago (B)in two years time(C)for three years (D)three years ago3. The students have cleaned the classroom , _?A. so they B. dont they C. have they D. havent they4.We came to Nanjing three years ago, so we _ here for three years.A. have been to B. have been inC. have be

14、en D. have gone5.- How long _you_ your dictionary?- About two months. A. did; buy B. have; get C. have; had D. have; bought6. He tells me he_ China for over five years. A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has gone to China7._has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he _ to Nanjing?

15、 A. How soon , comes B. How often, gotC. How long , came D. How far, arrived8. His uncle_ for more than 9 years.A. has come here B. has started to workC. has lived there D. has left the university9. He has never surfed, _(改成反意疑问句）?10. They have been here since 2000 . (对划线部分提问)_ have they been here?1

16、1. The old man _last year. He_ for a year.(die)12. This factory opened twenty years ago.(改写句子，句意不变)I. 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. I_ already _ (see) the film. I _ (see) it last week.2. _ he _(finish) his work today ? Not yet .3. _ you _(be) to Hong Kong ? Yes, I _ (be) there twice .4. He _ just _ (finish) his ho

17、mework.5. _ the young woman ever _(travel) to England?6. _ each of you _(read) “Gone with the wind” yet?7. Have you _(get) any new CDs?8. My family have never _ (be) to Sanya9. They _ ever _ (eat) fish and chips.10. I _ just _ (lose) my science book.11. Has Tom _ (finish) his work?12. I have already

18、 _ (read) this book.13. She hasnt _(return) her book yet.14. _ you ever _(eat ) chocolate sundaes ? No, never.15. My father _ just _ (come) back from work. He is tired now.16. Wheres Li Ming ? He _ (go) to the teachers office.17. Shanghai _ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. Now it _ (become)

19、a large city.18. I _ (work) here since I _ (move) here in 1999.19. So far I _(make) quite a few friends here.20. How long _ the Wangs _(stay) here ? For two weeks.21. I _ just _ (finish) my homework. 22. He _ (go) to school on foot every day. 23. _ you _ (find) your science book yet? 24. If it _ (be

20、) fine tomorrow, Ill go with you. 25. She doesnt like the children _ (play) in the room. 26. The students _ (read) English when the teacher came in. 27. Look! The monkey _ (climb) the tree. 28. My mother _ (come) to see me next Sunday. 29. How many sheep _ you _ (get)? Only one. 30. Ive lost my pen.

21、 _ you _ (see) it anywhere? II.句型转换(每空一词)。1. Miss Zhang has traveled to Beijing.（改为否定句） Miss Zhang_ _ to Beijing.2、Have you ever wanted to visit the Summer Palace?（作肯定回答） _, I _.3、He has answered all the questions.（对划线部分提问） _ _ he _?4、He has found something in the room.（改为一般疑问句）_ he found _ in the r

22、oom？5、I didnt see him last year.（改为现在完成时） I _ _ him for a long time.6、The old man dide last year.（同义句改写） He _ _ for a year.7、This factory opened twenty years ago.（改写句子，句意不变） This factory _ _ for twenty years.8、Miss Gao left an hour ago.（改写句子，句意不变） Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.9、The Green Family move

23、d to France two years ago.（改写句子，句意不变） _ two years _ the Green Family moved to France. 10、The bus has arrived here.It arrived ten minutes ago (改写句子，句意不变）11、They have known each other for 6 years (改写句子，句意不变）They have known each other_6 years_12、I bought the bike last year I_the bike for_ _13、David has

24、 already got something to eat (改为否定句） David_ _ _to eat_.14 .I have been to Macau before.(改为否定句) I _ _ been to Macau before.15 .He hasnt come to school because hes ill (就划线部分提问) _ _ he come to school?16He has learned English for 5 years.(就划线部分提问) _ _ _ _ learned English ?17.I bough a new bike just no

25、w.(用just改写) I _ just _ a new bike.18.We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句) We _ _English _threeyearsIII. 填入has / have been 或has / have gone.1. Harry： I saw you in Annabels Restaurant last night.Diana： No, it wasnt me. I never there.2. Sam： Sally and Tim are on holiday, arent they? Where

26、they ? Sue：To Florida, again.Sam： How many times they there?Sue： This is their third visit.3. Joe： Can I have an apple, please?Mary： We havent got any. I not to the shops today.4. Alan： Wheres Tony?Mary： Hes got a headache so he to bed.5. Steve： Can I speak to Jill, please?Lynn： Shes out, Im afraid.

27、 She to the cinema this evening.Steve： Again? She already to the cinema three times this week.IV. 用for 或since填空。1) _ two years _ two years ago 2) _ last month 3) _ yesterday 4) _ an hour ago 5) _ she left here 6) _ 4 oclock 8) _ 1999 9) _ 4 hours 10) _ lunch time11. He has lived in Nanjing _ the yea

28、r before last.12. Ive known him _ we were children.13. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.14. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.15. Its about ten years _ she left the city.16. Jill has been in Ireland Monday.17. Jill has been in Ireland three days.18. My aunt has lived in

29、 Australia 15 days.19. Margaret is in her office. She has been there 7 oclock.20. India has been an independent country 1974.21. The bus is late. Weve been waiting 20 minutes.22. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.23 Mike has been ill a long time. He has been in hospital O

30、ctober.单项选择 1. Li Hong has _ the army for 2 years. A. joined B. joined to C. been in D. joined in 2. We have been friends since _. A. children B. five years C. five years ago D. five years before 3. Mike _ the story for a month. A. Has bought B. Has had C. had had D. has borrowed 4. You _ that quest

31、ion three times. A. already asked B. have already asked C. already have asked D. asked already 5. Those foreign friends left Guangzhou _. A. since last week B. a week ago C. for a week D. since a week ago 6. I _ at this school for two years already. A. am studying B. study C. studied D. have studied

32、 7. They _ in the city since last summer. A. live B. didnt live C. have lived D. live 8. Mrs. Wang has lived in Haikou _ 1992. A. since B. from C. after D. in 9. Mr. Black _ China since the summer of 1998. A. has been to B. has been in C. has come to D. came to 10. Youd better go on _ English. A. st

33、udy B. studied C. studying D. to study 11. You have never been to the Great Wall, _ you? A. do B. dont C. have D. havent 12. His father _ for years. A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dies 13. Mary _ to see the films because she _ it twice. A. wont go, saw B. wont go, will see C. wont go, has s

34、een D. didnt go, sees 14. _ you _ some more food? Thank you. I _ enough. A. will have B. have had C. Do, have , have D. Do, have, had 15. _ you _ England? Yes, it _ a beautiful country. A. Will , gone to, was B.Have , been to, is C. had ,been to, is D. Have ,gone to, is 16. -_ you _ to the capital?

35、-No, I _.I _ there early next month. A. Have,been, havent, am going B. Had, been, hadnt, am going C. Have, gone, havent, was going D. Did,go, didnt, was going 17. -You sister _ to London to study English. Is that true? -Yes , she _ there for two months. A. has been, has been B. will go, has gone C.

36、gone, will be D. has gone, has been 18. Bruce _ how to use a computer. He_a computer of his own. He _ it two days ago A. learns, will get, bought B. is learning, has got, bought C. learned, has got, bought D. is learning, got, has bought 19. -You havent read the book before, have you? -_. A. Yes , I

37、 havent. B. No, I have. C. Yes, I do. D. No, I havent. 20. Where is Li Lei? He _ Shanghai. A. has gone to B. has been to C. went to D. goes to 1.John will write to us as soon as he _ there. A. gets B. will get C. got 22.Look, the boy _ ! A. smile B. smiled C. is smiling 23.Jane is busy now. She _ pictures. A. draws B. drew C. is drawing 24.He _ his homework and is now listening to music. A. finishes B. has finished C. finish 25.We are going to take some pictures if _ tomorrow.