外研版七年级下册英语语法专题复习含练习

1、 七下英语重要知识点梳理语法知识点 1.词类：物主代词、情态动词can和方位介词短语 2.时态：一般将来时态和一般过去时态 3.句型：特殊疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和选择疑问句 词类 1) 物主代词：表示所属关系的代词（属于谁的） 人称单 数 复 数 形容词性物主代 词名词性物主代词 形容性物主代 词名词性物主代词 第一人称my mine our ours 第二人称your yours your yours 第三人称his his their Theirs her hers its its 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的关系： My father, your teacher. 形容词性物主代词

2、：必须和名词在一起。 物主代词 名词。:相当于与之相对应的形容词性物主代词+名词性物主代词 This shirt is mine. =This is my shirt. 练习 （1）选择题。C. his （ A. him B. he . ）1. Look at C. them B. their 2. I drive ） to the park every day. A. they （ C. Our B. us 3. （ ） classroom is big. A. we C. hers B. her A. she . ） （ 4. I love C. me 5. Do you know （ ）

3、 ? A. I B. my C. them A. they B. their 6. I am ） （ son. C. me B. my A. I 7. This is not _ desk. My desk is over there. ） （ ）8. Can you spell _ name, Harry? Sorry. A. you B. your C. yours （ ）9. Tom and Jack are brothers. This is _ room. A. they B. them C. their （ ）10. We are in the same class. _ clas

4、sroom is very nice. A. our B. my C. ours （ ）11. Mrs. Green is my teacher. Im _ student. A. he B. his C. him （ ）12. Thats a cat. _ name is Mimi. A. It B. Its C. Its （2）用括号里的代词的适当形式填空 1, Mr Yang is _(we) teacher._(him) is from Beijing. _(his) teaches_(our) English. 2, Look,there is a cat._(they) is Li

5、lys._(it) name is Mimi. 3, Let_(I) tell _(she) about_(he) life at school. 4, This is _(they) room.Where is _(our)? 5, Dont use the eraser._ is _(me). 6, The lady under the tree is _(me) aunt._(her) often sings with _(she) husband 2) 情态动词can 1.含义：表达人或物的能力，能或会 2.特点：情态动词can没有人称和数的变化，之后要加动词原形。 3.否定形式：ca

6、nnot(正式用法)cant(口语) 4.句型结构： 肯定句： 主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形 + 其他 + 。 She / They can swim well. 否定句： 主语 + 情态动词 + not + 动词原形 + 其他 + 。 She / They can not swim well. 一般疑问句： 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ？ Can she / they swim well? Yes, she / they can. / No, she / they cant. 特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 + ? Why can

7、 she / they swim well? Who can swim well? 练习： ( ) 1) The sign on the wall means you stay away from the building. A. must B. cant C. shouldnt ( ) 2) How many books you see on the desk? C. should B. can A. may ( )3) - you see the sign over there? - Sorry, I cant. A. Can B. Cant C. Should 4. I can run

8、fast. I _ _ fast. (否定句) 5. He can play basketball well. （一般疑问句） _ he _ basketball well? 3) 介词 over 正上方 on on the left of. 在左边 behind/at the back of 在.后面 on the right of. 在右边 next to/near 在附近，紧挨着 in the front of 正下方 .在. under 在里面的前面 前面在in front of. between .and .在两者之间 Lingling sits between Tony and D

9、aming. 玲玲坐在托尼和大明之间 在三者或三者以上之间 among Miss Li is among lots of students. 李老师在许多同学之间 动词连用。注意：介词短语常和be 时态 1) 一般将来时 时间状语：in+一段时间；tomorrow；in the future; next+时间；this+时间（表示将来时间的状语） be（is,am.are） going to 的用法。 含义：计划，打算做某事 将来时句型结构：一般将来时 be going to+动词原形 肯定句结构：主语+be going to +动词原形+其他. 否定句结构：主语+be not going t

10、o +动词原形+其他. 一般疑问句：be动词提前 Be +主语+going to +动词原形+其他？ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+be. 否定回答：No，主语+be not. 注意：表示计划到某地去，谓语动词go与going重复，一般只说be going to +地点. come/go/arrive/leave等表示位置转移的动词可用于现在进行表将来。 Eg: I am going to London next year. She is going to check her email. Look! The bus is coming. 由shall和will引导的一般将来时 含义：将会 特点：助

11、动词shall和will没有人称和数的变化，之后要加动词原形。 shall在一般将来时中，一般用于第一人称之后。 例如：I/We shall have an English lesson.我们将有一节英语课。 否定形式：shall notshant will notwont 将来时句型结构: 肯定句：主语+shall/will+do 否定句：主语+shall/will+not+do（will not 可缩写成wont） 一般疑问句：shall/will+主语+ do 特殊疑问句：疑问词+ shall/will+主语+do 2) 一般过去时 1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常

12、和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 2标志性时间状语：yesterday（昨天）, last week（上周）, last month（上个月）, last year（去年）, two months ago（两个月前）, the day before yesterday（前天），in 1990 (在1990年), in those days （在那些日子里）等表示过去的时间状语连用。 V-ed 动词结构：3动词过去式变化规则： 1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 3末尾是

13、辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 5不规则动词过去式： lose(丢失) -_ drink(喝) -_ drive(驾驶) -_ make(制造) -_ eat(吃) -_ mean(意思) -_ fall(落下) -_ meet(见) -_ fly(飞) -_ pay(付) -_ forget(忘) -_ ) -_ say(说 give(给) -_ sell(卖) -_ go(去) -_ send(送)-_ grow(坐sit()

14、 -_ 成长) -_ know(知道睡sleep() -_ ) -_ lie(躺) -_ smell(嗅 ) -_ ring(按铃) -_ ) -_ spell(拼写 write(写) -_ ) -_ 度过 spend(ride(stand(骑) -_ ) -_ 站see(看见)-_ teach(教) -_ wake(告诉tell() -_ 弄醒) -_ sing(win(赢唱) -_ ) -_ speak(讲话) -_ 想think() -_ wear() -_ understand(理解穿) -_ swim(开始begin() -_ 泳) -_ take(拿) -_ 吹blow() -_

15、throw(扔) -_ 打破break() -_ become(成为 ) -_ 选择choose() -_ come(来) -_ ) -_ do(做 run( 画draw() -_ 跑) -_ 4. 句式变化规则： Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： （1）am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt） （2）are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent） （3）带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。 句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定

16、句：didnt +动词原形，如：Jim went home yesterday. _ ，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。did一般疑问句：在句首加 如：Jim went home yesterday._ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？ 如：Jim went home yesterday. _ 考考你的掌握度： 1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends. I _ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _

17、_ _ play basketball. What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball. 3. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定） Nancy _ going to go camping. 4. Ill go and join them.（改否定） I _ go _ join them. 5. Im going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句） _ _ _ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 6. We will meet at the bus stop

18、at 10:30.（改一般疑问句） _ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.Tom _ (visit) a farm last week. 2. The twins _ (water) the flowers in the garden yesterday morning. 3. I _ (watch) a film with my friend last Friday. 4. My father _ (be) in London last year. 5. What_ (do) you do three days ago? 6.

19、_ (be) there any parks here in 1950? 7. What_(do) you do just now? I _ (wash) my clothes. 改写句子 1. We are all happy.(改成一般过去时) We _ all happy. 2. I visit my grandparents every week. (用last week代替every week) _ 3 There were some zebras in the zoo last year. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) _ 四、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Today is a s

20、unny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 2. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week. 3. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike. 4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects? Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this

21、 weekend? (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects. She _ 6. What _ (do) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _ (milk) cows. 7. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 8. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday. 9. I _ (plan) for my study now. 句型 特殊疑问句。1) 含义：以特殊疑问词开

22、头的疑问句。 特殊疑问词总结： what 什么（职业，姓名等） What day is it today? what day 星期几 What size are your shoes? what size 多大尺码 什么时间 what time =when 什么颜色 what colour 多大号 what size （就时间提问）什么时候 when where 什么地方（就地点提问） who 谁（问人的身份，姓名等） which 哪一个 because回答）why 为什么（就原因提问，常用 how 怎么样How many books do you have ? 多少（提问可数名词数量） ho

23、w many 多少 （提问不可数名词数量）How much water is there in the glass? How much 多少钱（提问价格） 几岁（提问年龄）How old How long is this ruler? 多长（提问长度） How long 这把尺子有多长？ 多长时间（时间持续多久）How long do you go to school ? 你去学校要多长时间？ How often 多久（提问频率既单位时间发生多少次） How soon （还要多久时间才能开始或结束）How soon will he come back ? How far （提问距离有多远） 他

24、多久才能回来？ How heavy （提问有多重） 句型结构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句 ？ Eg :Why do you like watching TV ? 当堂检测： 就划线部分提问。 He often has lunch in the factory 1 he often lunch？ 2They will come back in a month will they come back？ 3He hurt his leg last Sunday he hurt his leg ？ 4I got up at six this morning you up this morning ？ 5

25、They were drawing a horse when I came in they when I came in ？ 6I didnt go to school because I had a bad cold you go to school？ 7Youd better take the No3 bus bus I better take？ 8Hes feeling well he feeling ？ 9The girl in a red coat is my sister is your sister？ 10He comes to China once a year he to C

26、hina？ 11. He goes to see his grandma ( twice a week ). (对括号部分提问) _? 12. My father goes to work by car. ( 改为特殊疑问句 ) _? 13. It take ( 15 minutes ) for a ferry to cross the river. ( 对括号部分提问 ) _? 14. You can dial ( 110 ) to call the police. ( 对括号部分提问 ) _ _ can you dial to call the police 15. Ted put his

27、 bag in the desk . ( 改为特殊疑问句 ) in the desk? _ _ Ted _ 16. The students ( went camping ) last week. (对括号部分提问) _? 17. Diogenes came from ( Greece ). (对括号部分提问) _ _ Diogenes _ _? 18. The way to keep fit is ( to eat food and take morn exercise). (对括号部分提问) _ _ the way to _ _? 2) 祈使句 祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感