托福阅读长难句

1、托福阅读长难句 托福阅读长难句1in order for the structure to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet itspurpose, architecture employs methods of support that, because they are based on physical laws, have changed little since people first discovered themevenwhile building materials have changed dramaticall

2、y.(44)大家先自己理解，多想想，先别看解析，看不明白，再看下面的解析。(in order for the structure) (to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose), architecture employs methods of support that, (because they are based on physical laws), have changed little since people first discovered them (even while building mat

3、erials have changed dramatically. )老邪分析：一个句子重点在于主干，看懂了主干，就看懂了句子的主要成分。以下主干为句子中红色部分，括号里均是修饰成分。修饰一：(in order for the structure)，介词短语修饰二：(to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose)，非谓语做形容词性修饰structure修饰三：(because they are based on physical laws)，插入语，插入语记得先跳过去，断句别出问题，that和have change

4、d是在一起的。(老师，啥叫插入语?嗯，好问题，改天我专门讲讲这些概念。上过课并认真听的同学，你懂的。)修饰四：(that have changed little sincepeople first discovered them.从句修饰support修饰五：(even while building materials have changed dramatically. )，从句括号外面的是主干：architectureemploys methods of support，注意support这里是名词。已经拆成这么短了，你再试试看，应该能看懂了吧?其实在理解句子的时候比较容易犯错在于断句和语

5、序，语序和中文有差异，下次我讲修饰成分的时候一并讲。参考翻译：为了使结构达到必要的大小和强度去满足它的目的，建筑学上使用了一些支撑的方法，因为这些方法都是基于物理定律，所以尽管建筑材料已经发生了巨大变化，这些方法却自人们发现它们以来就没有什么变化。托福阅读长难句2世界本没有长难句，修饰成分多了，便有了长难句。大家在看长难句的时候，多思考，一个句子为什么这么长，常见的修饰成分到底有哪些?其实不多，连词、非谓语动词、介词以及同位语或插入语。今天我们来看这样一个句子：fuller devised a type of dance that focused on the shifting play of

6、 lights and colors on the voluminous skirts or draperies she wore, which she kept in constant motion principally through movements of her arms, sometimes extended with wands concealed under her costumes. (44, og)voluminous/v?l?m?n?s/adj.(指衣物)用料多的, 宽松的, 肥大的;drapery/drep?ri/n.布料wand/wnd/ n. 棍; 棒; 杖; (

7、尤指小仙子或魔术师用的)魔杖costume/kstum/ n. 服装, 服装式样fuller devised a type of dance (that focused on the shifting play of lights and colors on the voluminous skirts or draperies she wore), (which she kept in constant motion principally through movements of her arms), (sometimes extended with wands concealed unde

8、r her costumes).分析：修饰一：(that focused on the shifting play of lights and colors on the voluminous skirts or draperies she wore)，从句，修饰dance，大家注意skirts or draperies (she wore)这里还有一个从句哦。中文：专注于灯光的变换和她所穿宽松的裙子或布料颜色修饰二：(which she kept in constant motion principally through movements of her arms)，从句，修饰前面skir

9、ts or draperies，其实是keep skirts or draperies inconstant motion中文：她主要通过手臂的移动使裙子或布料保持连续的移动修饰三：(sometimes extended with wands concealed under her costumes)，非谓语动词，修饰arms。主要这里with wands (concealed under her costumes)中concealed under her costumes修饰wands中文：有时候手臂由于隐藏在衣服下面的手杖而变长主干：括号外面的，fullerdevised a type o

10、f dance参考翻译：fuller设计了一种(专注于灯光的变换和她所穿宽松的裙子或布料颜色)的舞蹈，在舞蹈中，她主要通过手臂的移动使裙子或布料保持连续的移动，有时候手臂由于隐藏在衣服下面的手杖而变长。托福阅读长难句3世界本没有长难句，修饰成分多了，便有了长难句。阅读速度大部分来于短时间内理解长难句的能力。大家在看长难句的时候，多思考，一个句子为什么这么长，常见的修饰成分到底有哪些?其实不多，连词、非谓语动词、介词以及同位语或插入语，上过课的同学懂得。大家别急，把一句一句弄明白，弄懂一个句子胜过模糊看懂十个句子。希望大家认真看我的分析。今天我们来看这样一个句子：her dancing also

11、 attracted the attention of french poets and painters of the period, for it appealed to their liking for mystery, their belief in art for arts sake, a nineteenth-century idea that art is valuable in itself rather than because it may have some moral or educational benefit, and their efforts to synthe

12、size form and content. (57, og)appeal v.恳求，呼吁;(对某人)有吸引力to sb; (使某人)感兴趣;上诉for ones sake为了的缘故synthesize/?s?n?sa?z/v. 合成，综合这里是分界线，先自己分析哦。her dancing also attracted the attention (of french poets and painters) (of the period), (for it appealed to their liking for mystery, their belief in art for arts sa

13、ke, (a nineteenth-century idea that art is valuable in itself rather than because it may have some moral or educational benefit),and their efforts to synthesize form and content.)老邪分析：修饰一：(of french poets and painters)，介词短语，修饰the attention。大家注意英文喜欢把修饰成分放在后面，这个很重要。中文：法国诗人和花季。修饰二：(of the period) ，介词短语

14、，修饰french poets and painters，也是放在后面哦。修饰三：(a nineteenth-century idea that art is valuable in itself rather than because it may have some moral or educational benefit)，同位语，用来解释说明前面的belief，这个同位语语放在这里分割了原句，大家断句的时候要注意。中文：一个19世纪的思想：艺术本身比它所带来的道德或教育利益更有价值。修饰四：(for it appealed to their liking for mystery, th

15、eir belief in art for arts sake , and their efforts to synthesize formand content.)，从句，表示原因，大家注意我把同位语去掉了(因为不重要)，这样更能看清重要内容。这里有一个并列结构，是一个a, b, and c结构，不知道大家在看的时候有没有看出来，a= their liking for mystery，b= their belief in art for artssake，c= their efforts to synthesize form and content，插入语解释b。中文：因为它吸引了他们对于神

16、秘的喜好、他们为艺术而艺术的信仰以及他们把形式和内容融合到一起所作的努力主干：括号外面的，her dancing also attracted the attention参考翻译：她的舞蹈还吸引了当时法国一些诗人和画家的注意，因为它吸引了他们对于神秘的喜好、他们为艺术而艺术的信仰(这是一个19世纪的思想：艺术本身比它所带来的道德或教育利益更有价值)以及他们把形式和内容融合到一起所作的努力。这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句和同位语，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。托福阅读长难句4今天我们来看这样一个句子：the ice shelf cores, with a

17、total length of 215 meters (705 feet), were long enough to penetrate through glacial icewhich is formed from the compaction of snow and contains air bubblesand to continue into the clear, bubble-free ice formed from seawater that freezes onto the bottom of the glacial ice. (53, og)penetrate /pen?tre

18、?t/ v. 进入或穿过某物;充满，遍布compact /k?mp?kt/ v. 将(某物)紧压在一起我是分界线，先自己分析哦。the ice shelf cores, (with a total length of 215 meters(705 feet),were long enough (to penetrate through glacial ice)(which is formed from the compaction of snow and contains air bubbles)and (to continue into the clear, bubble-free ice)

19、 (formed from seawater)(tha tfreezes onto the bottom of the glacial ice. )分析：大家可以发现，我把句子拆短了之后，就容易理解多了。请大家仔细看我的分析。修饰一： (with a total length of 215 meters(705 feet)，介词短语，修饰the iceshelf cores，修饰成分一般放后面哦中文：总长为215米(705英尺)修饰二：(to penetrate through glacial ice)，非谓语动词中文：穿透冰川冰修饰三：(which is formed from the co

20、mpaction of snow and contains air bubbles)，从句，修饰glacial ice，修饰成分一般放后面哦中文：由压缩的雪形成的并包含气泡修饰四：(to continue into the clear,bubble-free ice)，非谓语动词中文：继续进入清澈的、没有气泡的冰修饰五：(formed from seawater) ，非谓语动词，修饰the clear, bubble-free ice中文：由海水形成修饰六：(that freezes onto the bottom ofthe glacial ice.) ，从句，修饰seawater中文：凝固

21、在冰川冰底部主干：括号外面的，the iceshelf cores were long enough，主和谓语中间被解词短语with a total length of 215 meters (705 feet)隔开了，大家要注意参考翻译：总长为215米(705英尺)的冰架核已足以穿透(由压缩的雪形成的并包含气泡)的冰川冰，随后穿透清澈的、没有气泡的冰，这些冰是由凝固在冰川冰底部的海水形成的。这个句子的主要修饰成分就是介词短语、非谓语动词、从句，大家务必想清楚，每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么，才能看清楚这个句子的结构。托福阅读长难句5今天我们来看这样一个句子：contrary to the arg

22、uments of some that much of the pacific was settled by polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift, it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals. (46, tpo5)maroon

23、/m?ru?n/ v. 放逐到无人岛上，使孤立adrift /?dr?ft/ adj. 漂流的，漂泊的feat /fi?t/ n. 功绩，伟业deliberate /d?l?b?r?t/ adj. 故意的，刻意的set out 从某地出发stock v. 贮备，贮存domesticate /d?m?st?ket/ v. 驯养(动物等)我是分界线，先自己分析哦。contrary to the arguments of some (that much of the pacific was settled by polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift), it seems reasonable (that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions (that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals. ) )分析：修饰一：(that mu