聚丙烯（polypropylene）

1、聚丙烯（polypropylene）polypropylenepolypropyleneOpen categories: technology, science, plastics, polymersEnglish Name: PolypropyleneMolecular formula: C3H6nCAS login number: 9003-07-0Abbreviation: PP,A thermoplastic resin made by the polymerization of propylene. There are three kinds of configurations, s

2、uch as isotactic, random and syndiotactic, and industrial products are mainly composed of isotactic substances. Polypropylene also includes copolymers of propylene with a small amount of ethylene. Usually translucent, colorless solid, odorless, non-toxic. Because the structure is neat and highly cry

3、stalline, the melting point is up to 167 DEG C, heat resistant, and the product can be sterilized by steam. Density 0.90g/cm3 is the lightest common plastic. Corrosion resistance, tensile strength, 30MPa, strength, rigidity and transparency are better than polyethylene. The disadvantage is that it h

4、as low temperature resistance, bad impact and easy aging, but can be overcome by modifying and adding antioxidants respectively. Characteristic：Non-toxic, tasteless, low density, strength, stiffness, hardness and heat resistance are better than that of low pressure polyethylene, can be used at 100 d

5、egrees. With good electrical insulation and high not affected by humidity, but the low temperature brittle, abrasion resistance and aging. Suitable for making general mechanical parts, corrosion resistant parts and insulating parts. Common acid, alkali and organic solvent on it has little or no effe

6、ct, can be used for utensils.Production methods:Slurry method. Polymerization in diluents (such as hexane) is the earliest industrialization and the most productive method to date. Liquid phase ontology method. Polymerized in liquid propylene at 70 DEG C and 3MPa. Gas phase method. Polymerization of

7、 propylene under gaseous conditions. The latter two methods do not use diluent, the process is short and the energy consumption is low. Liquid ontology method has shown the advantages of catch up from behind.Molding property:1. crystalline material, moisture absorption is small, easy to occur melt f

8、racture, and long-term contact with hot metal, easy to decompose.2., liquidity is good, but the scope of contraction and shrinkage value of large, easy to shrink hole. Dent, deformation3. cooling speed, pouring system and cooling system should slow cooling, and pay attention to control the molding t

9、emperature. The temperature of low temperature and high pressure to orientation, mold temperature below 50 degrees, the plastic is not smooth, easy to produce adverse weld, flow mark, 90 degrees or more prone to warping4., plastic wall thickness should be uniform, avoid lack of glue, sharp angle, in

10、 order to prevent stress concentrationpurposePolypropylene fiber for engineering applicationsDivided into polypropylene monofilament fiber and polypropylene mesh fiberPolypropylene mesh with modified polypropylene fiber as raw material, extrusion, drawing, web forming, surface modification, short pr

11、ocess as high strength monofilament mesh bundle or organic fiber, its inherent resistance to acid, alkali resistance, low thermal conductivity, has extremely stable chemical properties. To effectively control the concrete or mortar concrete (mortar) micro cracks caused by solid plastic shrinkage, dr

12、y shrinkage, temperature changes and other factors, prevent and restrain the formation and development of cracks, greatly improve concrete cracking resistance and impermeability, impact resistance and aseismatic capability, can be widely used in underground engineering waterproof. Industrial and civ

13、il engineering roofing, wall, floor, cistern, basement, and road and bridge engineering. It is a new ideal material for mortar / concrete engineering to crack resistance, seepage prevention, abrasion resistance and heat preservationBiaxially oriented polypropylene filmIn plastic products, packaging

14、materials occupy an extremely important position, according to statistics, the worlds plastic packaging for about 35% of total plastic consumption. Chinas rapid development of plastic packaging, production from 1980 to 190 thousand T quickly to 4 million 650 thousand T in 2003, is expected in 2005 w

15、ill exceed 5 million 500 thousand of T in 2010, more than 7 million T in 2015, more than 9 million T, accounting for more than 13% of the total output of the national packaging.From the product point of view, the packaging film accounts for more than 50% of the total plastic packaging. China biaxial

16、ly oriented polypropylene (BOPP) film is one of the largest consumption field of PP resin, 2003 China BOPP 86 production enterprises (123 lines), the total production capacity of about 1 million 400 thousand t/a, in 2004 reached 2 million t/a (138 lines), the output will exceed 1 million T. In recen

17、t years, the domestic enterprises to enhance the competitiveness of products, has introduced a number of advanced BOPP production equipment, film production line width is 8.3m, speed up to 400500m/min, such as the Zhejiang great southeast group introduced the German Brukner 60 thousand t/a productio

18、n line; Guofeng Group invested 200 million yuan to introduce 35 thousand t/a production line (currently first, Asia the world wide BOPP fourth 10m equipment); Changzhou Wujin Kim group introduced the German 20 thousand t/a five layer coextrusion high strength thin BOPP production line; Fujian Hyunda

19、i Group to introduce 25 thousand t/a production line; Baoshuo group plans to introduce 100 thousand t/a production line. According to our existing BOPP film production capacity conversion,The annual demand for PP resin amount of nearly 2 million T, with high speed, so it should be extended PP specia

20、l material, good transparency in the development of BOPP films, including attention, ethylene propylene copolymer used in supporting, in order to adapt to the introduction of new equipment of BOPP films.Modified polypropylene for automobileIn 2003, Chinas automobile output was about 4400000, which h

21、as already ranked fourth in the world, an increase of 36.6%. According to the United States ESMWerWide reported: in 2008, Chinas auto output will exceed 6 million vehicles, and 2015 will overtake Japan, ranking second in the world.The development of automobile industry can not be separated from the

22、process of automobile plastics. At present, the self-sufficiency rate of engineering plastics in China is less than 16%. According to China Engineering Plastics Association forecast, in 2005, Chinas engineering plastics demand growth rate was 15%, in 2010 about 10%, the demand will increase from 440

23、 thousand T in 2000 to 1 million 400 thousand T in 2010. The demand for engineering plastics in Chinas automobile manufacturing industry is increasing rapidly, and the total amount will reach 940 thousand T by 2010 (5%10% of plastic used as the weight of automobiles).PP used in the automobile indust

24、ry has a strong competitive power, but because of the low modulus and heat resistance, impact strength is poor, so it can not be directly used for auto parts, cars are used for modified PP products, its heat resistance can be increased from 80 to 145 DEG 150 DEG C, and can withstand high temperature

25、 750 1000h after aging do not crack. According to reports, the Toyota Corporation of Japan launched a new generation of highly oriented crystalline polypropylene HEHCPP products, can be used as automotive instrument panels, bumpers, than with TPO as raw material for the production of similar product

26、s cost reduced by 30%, the modified PP used for auto parts has very broad prospects for development.Polypropylene for household appliancesIn recent years, Chinas household electrical appliance industry has developed rapidly, many varieties, large output. In 2003, the output of refrigerators in our c

27、ountry was 18 million 500 thousand units, 42 million air conditioners, 17 million washing machines and 35 million microwave ovens. According to 20042006 China family theater market research advisory report shows that the next 3 years, Chinas domestic theater system market size will reach 6 million 9

28、00 thousand units. In addition, a variety of small appliances also have a huge potential market, which for modified PP, it is an excellent business opportunity. At present, some plastic raw material manufacturers in our country have developed special materials for washing machines, such as PP1947 se

29、ries, K7726 series and so on, has been welcomed by the washing machine manufacturers. Therefore, in the next few years, we should intensify efforts to develop PP special materials for household electrical appliances to meet the needs of market changes.Polypropylene for pipe.In 2003, the total output

30、 of plastic pipes exceeded 1 million 800 thousand T, an increase of 23%. In the early stage, PP pipes were mainly used as agricultural water delivery pipes. However, due to some problems in the early product performance (the impact strength and aging resistance were poor), the market could not be op

31、ened. With the Shanghai plastic building materials factory the first introduction of foreign advanced technology, the transportation of imported PP-R material production of cold and hot water in the pipe has been recognized by the market, there are many manufacturers of construction PP-R pipe produc

32、tion line, the price from the initial production of 20 thousand 3 million /t continue to decline, but the share of PP-R pipe in plastic pipe on the market is still low. It is reported that the domestic PP-R material and imported materials are still a certain gap, the quality needs to be improved and

33、 improved. It is reported that South Korea has developed a high pressure water supply pipe for random copolymerization polypropylene PP-R112 new brand, the use of this brand of pipe can be used at 20 degrees Celsius and 11.2MPa ultra high pressure for 50 years.The plastic pipe is one of the applicat

34、ion of chemical building materials in Chinas key products, the Ministry of construction in 2001 had issued on the strengthening of copolypropylene (PP-R, PP-B) circular pipe production management and application work, asked relevant departments to jointly do a good job from raw materials, processing

35、, quality and material use, installation and other work, to strictly control PP the quality of the pipe materials, in order to do a better job in China PP pipe production, application and promotion work.High transparency polypropyleneWith the continuous improvement of peoples living standards, will

36、inevitably bring in various cultural, entertainment, food, medical, materials, and other aspects of improving room decoration different requirements, many items are used more and more transparent materials market. Therefore, the development of transparent PP special material is a very good trend of

37、development, especially the high transparency, good mobility, fast forming PP special material, in order to design and processing adult favorite PP products. Transparent PP is more characteristic than ordinary PP, PVC, PET and PS, and has more advantages and development prospects.In recent years, fo

38、reign transparent PP market is growing rapidly, such as South Koreas LG PP PET as transparent alternative to the market; some companies in Germany to replace PVC with a transparent PP transparent PP products; the growth rate is higher than the ordinary PP products 7%9%;In recent years, Japans annual

39、 amount of PP nucleating agent is about 2000t. If the amount of added amount is 0.25%, the annual output of transparent PP material in Japan can reach more than 800 thousand T. According to Japan Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan transparent PP special materials used in microwave cookers and furniture two a

40、spects of the largest consumption. Expected in 2005, the foreign market for transparent PP special material demand is about 5 million, 550 million T. At present, the domestic transparent PP special material has a wide gap with foreign countries, and the production and application of transparent PP r

41、esin and its products still need to be strengthened.Polyethylene, PVC, polystyrene, polypropylene what is the difference between polyethylene PE?No staining of the milky white translucent, waxy touch products; smooth feeling, soft and tough; slightly elongated. Generally low density polyethylene is

42、soft and transparent; HDPE is hard.Common products: handbags, water pipes, drums, beverage bottles (calcium bottles), daily necessities and so on.Polypropylene PPNot colored, white, translucent, waxy, lighter than polyethylene. Transparency is also better than polyethylene, more rigid than polyethyl

43、ene.Common products: pots, buckets, furniture, film, woven bags, caps, bumpers, etc.Polystyrene PSTransparent when not painted. The product falls to the ground or strikes, has the metal like crisp sound, the gloss and the transparency are very good, similar to the glass, the sex crisp, is easy to br

44、eak, uses fingernail to be able to trace the work surface surface. Modified polystyrene is opaque.Common products: Stationery, cups, food containers, household appliances, electrical fittings, etc.PVC PVCIts color is yellowish, translucent and lustrous. Transparency is better than polyethylene, poly

45、styrene, for polystyrene, with different amount of additives, divided into soft and hard PVC products, soft feel soft and tough, sticky, hard products hardness is higher than that of low density polyethylene, polypropylene and lower, there will be a whitening phenomenon in inflectional.Common produc

46、ts: plates, pipes, soles, toys, doors and windows, wire, skin, stationery and so onPoly (ethylene terephthalate) PETThe transparency is good, the strength and toughness are better than polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride, and it is not easy to break.Common products: often bottle like products, such a

47、s cola, mineral water bottles and so onPhysical and electrical performanceItemTest item UnitUnit SpecificationTechnical requirements Test Methodtest methodMelt IndexThe melt flow rate is g/10min 2.5 ASTMD1238DensityDensity g/cm3 0.91 ASTMD1505Tensile StrengthTensile strength MPa 21 ASTMD638Elongation at BreakElongation at break% 600 ASTMD638Brittle, Temperature, with, Low, TemperatureLow temperature embrittlement temperature 35 - ASTMD74620 Volume Resistiv