高中化学反应 现象 应用（High school chemistry, reaction phenomenon, application）

1、高中化学反应 现象 应用（High school chemistry, reaction phenomenon, application）Chemical equation, reaction phenomenon, application2Mg+O2 ignite or ignite strongly at 2MgO. Dazzling white light. Producing white solid. Exothermic. Produces a large white smoke flare2Hg+O2 2HgO, a silver light or liquid form red

2、solid Lavoisier experiment2Cu+O2 ignite or delta 2CuO red metal into black solid4Al+3O2 or 2Al2O3 light silvery white metal into a white solid3Fe+2O2 ignites Fe3O4, burns violently, Mars is radiant, producing black solids, exothermic 4Fe + 3O2, high temperature 2Fe2O3C+O2 ignites CO2, burning violen

3、tly, white light, releasing heat, and making lime water muddyS+O2 ignites SO2, burns violently, releases heat, stimulates the smell of gas, and burns light blue flames in the air. Blue and purple flames in oxygen2H2+O2 2H2O blue flame lit, exothermic, generated anhydrous CuSO4 blue liquid (water) hi

4、gh energy fuel4P+5O2 ignites 2P2O5, burns violently, produces large amounts of white smoke, releases heat, and produces white solids, demonstrating oxygen levels in the airCH4+2O2 ignites 2H2O+CO2 blue flames, exothermic, and generates liquid (water) methane that makes lime water turbid, gas and blu

5、e water, and CuSO4 gasburn2C2H2+5O2 2H2O+4CO2 light blue flame, heat release, black smoke, makes the limewater turbid gas and the anhydrous CuSO4 blue liquid (water) oxy acetylene flame,Welding, cutting, metal2KClO3MnO2 +3O2 = Delta 2KCl generated with Mars, wood rekindled laboratory preparation of

6、oxygen gas2KMnO4 K2MnO4+MnO2+O2 = purple generated glowing splint rekindled laboratory preparation of oxygen gas, black2HgO Delta 2Hg+O2 = red generation gas Lavoisier experiment with Mars resurgence is silvery white, wood2H2O power 2H2 = +O2 = water power decomposition into hydrogen and oxygen in w

7、ater electrolysisCu2 (OH) 2CO3 2CuO+H2O+CO2 green arrow, black tube wall, the liquid limewater turbid gas heating P.NH4HCO3 NH3 = H2O +CO2 = a + white solid liquid, tube wall has disappeared, the limewater turbid gas ammonium bicarbonate long-term exposure in the air will disappearZn+H2SO4=ZnSO4+H2

8、= have a large number of bubbles, zinc particles gradually dissolve the laboratory preparation of hydrogenFe+H2SO4=FeSO4+H2 = have a large number of bubbles, the metal particles gradually dissolvedMg+H2SO4 =MgSO4+H2 has a large number of bubbles increases, metal particles gradually dissolved3+3H2 =

9、2Al+3H2SO4=Al2 (SO4) has a large number of bubbles, the metal particles gradually dissolvedFe2O3+3H2 Delta 2Fe+3H2O red is gradually changed to silver white, with liquid metal smelting in test tube wall, and reduction of hydrogen gasFe3O4+4H2 Delta 3Fe+4H2O black gradually becomes silvery white, wit

10、h liquid metal smelting in test tube wall and reduction of hydrogenWO3+3H2, W, +3H2O, smelting of tungsten metal, reduction of hydrogenMoO3+3H2, Mo, +3H2O, smelting molybdenum metal, hydrogen reduction2Na+Cl2 delta or ignite 2NaCl, intense combustion, formation of yellow flame ion compounds,H2+Cl2 l

11、ight or light 2HCl light pale flame and fog bottle covalent compounds formation, preparation of hydrochloric acidCuSO4+2NaOH=Cu (OH) 2: +Na2SO4 blue precipitate formation, upper solution mass conservation law clarification experiments2C +O2 ignites one of the common reactions, air pollutants and gas

12、 poisoning in 2CO coal stoves2C O+O2 ignite 2CO2 blue flame gas burningC + 2Cu+ = CO2 CuO high temperature gradually become black metal smelting gases make clear limewater turbid red,4Fe+ 3CO2 = 2Fe2O3+3C high temperature smelting metal2CO2 = 3Fe + Fe3O4+2C high temperature smelting metalC + CO2 hig

13、h temperature 2COCO2 + H2O = H2CO3 carbonate make litmus red proof of carbonic acidH2CO3 CO2 = H2O + delta litmus red fadeCa (OH) 2+CO2= CaCO3: H2O + clear limewater cloudy with CO2 test and lime paint the wallsCaCO3+H2O+CO2 = Ca (HCO3) 2; white precipitate gradually dissolves; cavity formation; sto

14、ne weatheringCa (HCO3) 2 CaCO3: +H2O+CO2 = white precipitation, gas production scale to make clear limewater turbid stalactite formation formation.2NaHCO3 Na2CO3+H2O+CO2 = gas baking soda to make clear limewater cloudy vapor Steamed BunsCaCO3 high temperature CaO+ CO2 = industrial preparation of car

15、bon dioxide and lime2hcl = caco3 + cacl2 + h2o + co2 固体逐渐溶解、有使澄清石灰水变浑浊的气体 实验室制备二氧化碳、除水垢na2co3 + h2so4 + na2so4 + h2o = co2 固体逐渐溶解、有使澄清石灰水变浑浊的气体 泡沫灭火器原理na2co3 + 2hcl = 2nacl + h2o + co2 固体逐渐溶解、有使澄清石灰水变浑浊的气体 泡沫灭火器原理mgco3 + 2hcl = mgcl2 + h2o + co2 固体逐渐溶解、有使澄清石灰水变浑浊的气体co cuo + cu + co2 黑色逐渐变红色, 产生使澄清石灰

16、水变浑浊的气体 冶炼金属2fe + fe2o3 + 3co高温 3co2 冶炼金属原理fe3o4 + + 4co2 冶炼金属原理 4co高温 3fewo3 + w + 3co2 冶炼金属原理 3co高温ch3coona ch3cooh + naoh + h2o =2ch3oh + + 4h2o 3o2点燃2co2c2h5oh + + 3h2o 蓝色火焰、产生使石灰水变浑浊的气体、放热 酒精的燃烧 3o2点燃2co2cuso4, feso4 + cu + fe = 银白色金属表面覆盖一层红色物质 湿法炼铜、镀铜mg of feso4 + = fe + mgso4 + 溶液由浅绿色变为无色 cu

17、hg (no3) hg + 2 = 2, cu (no3)2agno3 2ag + cu + cu (no3) = 2 红色金属表面覆盖一层银白色物质 镀银zn, cu + + so4 = 青白色金属表面覆盖一层红色物质 znso4 镀铜6hcl 2fecl3 fe2o3 + = + 3h2o 铁锈溶解、溶液呈黄色 铁器除锈6hcl 2alcl3 al2o3 + = + 3h2o 白色固体溶解2nacl + na2o + 2hcl = h2o 白色固体溶解cuo + 2hcl = cucl2 黑色固体溶解、溶液呈蓝色 + h2ozno + 2hcl = zncl2 白色固体溶解 + h2omg

18、o + 2hcl = mgcl2 + h2o 白色固体溶解cao + cacl2 + h2o = 白色固体溶解 2hclnaoh + hcl nacl + h2o = 白色固体溶解cu (oh) 2 + 2hcl = cucl2 蓝色固体溶解 + 2h2omg (oh) 2 + 2hcl = mgcl2 + 2h2o 白色固体溶解al (oh) 3 + 3hcl = alcl3 + 3h2o 白色固体溶解 胃舒平治疗胃酸过多fe (oh) 3 + = + 3h2o 红褐色沉淀溶解、溶液呈黄色 fec13 3hclca (oh) 2 + 2hcl = cacl2 + 2h2oagno3 hcl

19、+ hno3 + = agcl 生成白色沉淀、不溶解于稀硝酸 检验cl - 的原理3h2so4 fe2 fe2o3 + = 3 + 3h2o (so4) 铁锈溶解、溶液呈黄色 铁器除锈3h2so4 al2o3 + = 3 + al2 (so4) 3h2o 白色固体溶解cuo + h2so4 + h2o = cuso4 黑色固体溶解、溶液呈蓝色zno znso4 + h2so4 + h2o = 白色固体溶解mgo + h2so4 + h2o = mgso4 白色固体溶解2naoh h2so4 = + na2so4 + 2h2ocu (oh) 2 so4 = 蓝色固体溶解 + h2so4 + 2h

20、2oca (oh) 2 = caso4 + h2so4 + 2h2omg (oh) 2 2h2o + mgso4 + h2so4 = 白色固体溶解2al (oh) 3 + 3h2so4 al2 (so4) = 3 + 3h2o 白色固体溶解2fe (oh) 3 + 3h2so4 = fe2 (so4) 3 + 3h2o 红褐色沉淀溶解、溶液呈黄色ba (oh) 2 2h2o + h2so4 + = baso4 生成白色沉淀、不溶解于稀硝酸 检验so42 - 的原理bacl2 + h2so4 + 2hcl = baso4 生成白色沉淀、不溶解于稀硝酸 检验so42 - 的原理ba (no3) =

21、 2 + h2so4 + 2hno3 baso4 生成白色沉淀、不溶解于稀硝酸 检验so42 - 的原理2hno3 na2o + + h2o = 2nano3 白色固体溶解2hno3 cuo + = cu (no3) 2 + h2o 黑色固体溶解、溶液呈蓝色zno 2hno3 zn (no3) = + + 2 h2o 白色固体溶解2hno3 mgo + mg (no3) = 2 + h2o 白色固体溶解cao 2hno3 ca (no3) = + + 2 h2o 白色固体溶解naoh + hno3 + h2o = nano3cu (oh) 2 +, cu (no3) 2hno3 = 2 + 2

22、h2o 蓝色固体溶解mg (oh) 2 + mg (no3) 2hno3 = 2 + 2h2o 白色固体溶解al (oh) 3 and al (no3) 3hno3 + = 3 + 3h2o 白色固体溶解ca (oh) 2, ca (no3) 2hno3 = + 2 + 2h2ofe (oh) 3 +, fe (no3) 3hno3 = 3 + 3h2o 红褐色沉淀溶解、溶液呈黄色3naoh h3po4 = + na3po4 + 3h2o3nh3 h3po4 = + (nh4) 3po42naoh na2co3 + h2o + co2 = 吸收co、o2、h2中的co2、2NaOH+SO2=N

23、a2SO3+, H2O, 2NaOH+SO3=Na2SO4+, and H2O process tail gas (SO2) from sulphuric acid plantsFeCl3+3NaOH=Fe (OH) 3: +3NaCl solution, yellow fade reddish brown precipitateAlCl3+3NaOH=Al (OH) 3: +3NaCl white precipitateMgCl2+2NaOH = Mg (OH) 2: +2NaClCuCl2+2NaOH = Cu (OH) 2: +2NaCl solution, the blue preci

24、pitate faded blueCaO+ H2O = Ca (OH) 2 white massive solid into powder, lime for lime slurryCa (OH): 2+SO2=CaSO3 + H2O white precipitate is generally not in junior high schoolCa (OH) 2+Na2CO3=CaCO3: +2NaOH white precipitate made of caustic soda, caustic soda industry small laboratoryBa (OH) 2+Na2CO3=BaCO3: +2NaOH white precipitateCa (OH) 2