雅思阅读最权威技巧ppt课件

1、welcome to,IELTS Reading,EMMA,Makes Perfect,Practice,雅思阅读简介,1，1个小时（包括填答题纸的时间） 2，3篇文章 2说明文+1议论文（3000-3750字数） 3，40道题目：每篇文章一般13题左右 题目一般分3部分,雅思阅读特点,1，顺序性 2，题型多样 3，题材多为生物类+地理类+社会科学类 4，时间是最大敌人,6.5分以上,宾法烤鸭的目标是,IELTS阅读的评分标准,Academic,General,1 Vocabulary 你并不需要所有的单词都认识,搞定雅思阅读需要,1 Vocabulary 但，要有找到“失散兄妹”的能力,搞定

2、雅思阅读需要,例如,题目： It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the “pure” science that they study at school. 文章：Many studies have shown that children harbor misconceptions about “pure”, curriculum science,例如,题目： It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the “pure” sc

3、ience that they study at school. 文章：Many studies have shown that children harbor misconceptions about “pure”, curriculum science,例如,题目： It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the “pure” science that they study at school. 文章：Many studies have shown that children harbor misconce

4、ptions about “pure”, curriculum science,例如,题目： It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the “pure” science that they study at school. 文章：Many studies have shown that children harbor misconceptions about “pure”, curriculum science,例如,题目： It has been suggested that children hold m

5、istaken views about the “pure” science that they study at school. 文章：Many studies have shown that children harbor misconceptions about “pure”, curriculum science,例如,题目: Australians have been turning to alternative therapies in increasing numbers over the past 20 years. 文章: Disenchantment with orthod

6、ox medicine has seen the popularity of alternative therapies in Australia climb steadily during the past 20 years,例如,题目: Australians have been turning to alternative therapies in increasing numbers over the past 20 years. 文章: Disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of alternati

7、ve therapies in Australia climb steadily during the past 20 years,例如,题目: Australians have been turning to alternative therapies in increasing numbers over the past 20 years. 文章: Disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of alternative therapies in Australia climb steadily during

8、the past 20 years,例如,题目: Australians have been turning to alternative therapies in increasing numbers over the past 20 years. 文章: Disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of alternative therapies in Australia climb steadily during the past 20 years,Vocabulary要求： 同义词组,同义词组”本,同义词组

9、”本,2. 语法 找“大树”的能力,搞定雅思阅读还需要,句型一：主系表 句型二：主谓 句型三：主谓宾 句型四：主谓宾宾 句型五：主谓宾补,句型四：主谓宾宾 He showed the guard his passport. 句型五：主谓宾补 The advent/coming of technology makes knowledge more important/ crucial,There be 句型 There be +名词 定语从句 分词 介词 【扩展】： There come, emerge, exist, lie, live, occur, stand, has been,例1：

10、Anthropology, at its broadest, is the study of humanity our physical characteristics as animals and our unique non-biological characteristics that we call culture,例1： Anthropology, at its broadest, is the study of humanity our physical characteristics as animals and our unique non-biological charact

11、eristics that we call culture,例2： The problem of how health-care resources should be allocated or apportioned, so that they are distributed in both the most just and the most effective way, is not a new one,例2： The problem of how health-care resources should be allocated or apportioned, so that they

12、 are distributed in both the most just and the most effective way, is not a new one,例3： Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run, how high they jump and how far they

13、are able to hurl massive objects, themselves included, through space.,例3： Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hu

14、rl massive objects, themselves included, through space.,例3： Since the early years of the twentieth century, when the International Athletic Federation began keeping records, there has been a steady improvement in how fast athletes run, how high they jump and how far they are able to hurl massive obj

15、ects, themselves included, through space.,2. 语法要求： 每天训练10个长难句 一开始以练习理解为主 后期以速度为主,3. 技巧 如何在有限的时间内提高速度 如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径 如何在一长篇文章中找出重点,搞定雅思阅读也需要,如何在有限的时间内提高速度,解决方案 以题目为导向快速搜索（以特殊词，专有名词做为定位词的时候，通常第一次出现该词时，出题机率大） 读段首的句子，预测该段内容 需要注意的句型： 概括性强的句子 e.g. There were several reasons why original science continu

16、ed to be written in Latin 承上启下的句子 e.g. Bats are not only creatures to face this difficulty. 问句 e.g. Given the questions of how to maneuver in the dark, what solutions might an engineer consider? e.g. What is the role of the shinbashira, the central pillar,如何在有限的时间内提高速度,长句囫囵吞枣 e.g. The aim of the pre

17、sent study is to start to provide such information, to help teachers design their educational strategies to build upon correct ideas and to displace misconceptions and to plan programs in environmental studies in their schools,如何在有限的时间内提高速度,对同义改写不熟悉，不敏感 解决方案-分析、总结剑4，剑6，剑7 坚持句子对句子，词对词的做题方法，保证每个题目的证据定

18、位；精读对照并验证题目和原文的替换和转化,如何在有限的时间内提高速度,心理因素-舍是一种智慧， 也是一种能力 解决方案-严格按照一篇17-18分钟做题 把能做的题，尽量作对。 没把握的，meng,Meng的技巧,判断题-答案YES , NO 基本相当，NG少，全true法 有only, all, every, must的题，答NO的可能性大 有probable, maybe的题,答YES的可能性大 涉及金钱的题干不是选项,如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径,例： Americans can not experience reality directly but thrive on the ps

19、eudo-events,如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径,例： Americans can not experience reality directly but thrive on the pseudo-events,如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径,虽然很多人认为那栋大楼是个abomination，but我喜欢它,如何在遭遇生词，不懂句子时另辟蹊径,这房子是某大师设计的，but民众心目中it turned out to be a catastrophe,如何在长句中找出重点,例： It is not only in technology and commerce that glass

20、has widened its horizons. The use of glass as art, a tradition going back at least to Roman times, is also booming,例： It is not only in technology and commerce that glass has widened its horizons. The use of glass as art, a tradition going back at least to Roman times, is also booming,例： It is not o

21、nly in technology and commerce that glass has widened its horizons. The use of glass as art, a tradition going back at least to Roman times, is also booming,例： While emissions from new cars are far less harmful than they used to be, city streets and motorways are becoming more crowded than ever, oft

22、en with older trucks, buses and taxis, which emit excessive levels of smoke and fumes. This concentration of vehicles makes air quality in urban areas unpleasant and sometimes dangerous to breathe,例： While emissions from new cars are far less harmful than they used to be, city streets and motorways

23、are becoming more crowded than ever, often with older trucks, buses and taxis, which emit excessive levels of smoke and fumes. This concentration of vehicles makes air quality in urban areas unpleasant and sometimes dangerous to breathe,1阅读思维改变,雅思阅读考试2大王道,1. 考官“立场” 2. Writer-friendly,阅读思维的改变,题目特点 解题

24、步骤,2 题型的适应,一切只为了把题目做出来,1) 把题目做出来, 需要先看题目; (2) 把题目做出来,并不需要所有的单词都认识和所有的段落都要读; (3) 把题目做出来, 需要善于利用逻辑分析 低层次逻辑: 时间顺序 从属 并列 递进 高层次逻辑: 因果 转折 让步,3. 心理要求： 舍是一种智慧，也是一种能力,常见,不常见,List of headings （标题对应） Matching（配对，数量开始增加） 段落+相关信息的MATCHING True/ False/ Not Given; Yes/No/Not Given（题量最多，非常重要） Multiple choice（越来越重要

25、） Summary（完型填空,5大常考题型,Sentence completion（完成句子） Diagram/ Flowchart/ Table completion （图标填空题） Short answer questions（回答问题,3个小题型,题型特点： 1 唯一的题目在文章前面的题型 2 会有举例 3 没有顺序,第一讲 LIST OF HEADINGS,解题核心词： 找中心，主旨,LIST OF HEADINGS,三“看” 1 看题干 哪几段,解题步骤,三“看” 2 看框框 画出keywords，重复的词,三“看” 3 看段落 看首二 + 末句,1. 首先将例子中选的heading

26、划掉 （1）找出heading中的Keywords （2）找出主题句中的Keywords （3）对应两组keywords 找高频词/原词/词形变化/同义词,解题步骤,1）找出heading中的Keywords 特殊词 金三角 n. v. adj. 各段落段对应词,解题步骤,a.标题中有这些的，可能是开头段落的标题：（12段） notion/early view/overview/concept/conception/ definition/introduction/essence/ main idea/initiation/cause,解题步骤,b.标题中有这些的，可能是结尾段落的标题： （倒

27、数12段） in fact, effect (affect)/influence/impact consequence/prediction/future/prospect/ perspective/outlook/conclusion/ result/summary,解题步骤,c. 标题中这些词时，该段落是中间段落！ 含有figure/number/amount/statistic (al)/demographics 等词的H 往往对应数字集中的段落 含有rate / ratio / proportion / percentage 等词的H 往往对应%集中的段落 cost/fee/fund/

28、financial/business/income/salary/wage/commercial/dealing/purchase/sell 等词的H 往往对应金钱符号集中的段落 含有time/period等词的H 往往对应时间集中的段落,解题步骤,2）找出主题句中的Keywords 规则段落 首二+末句 非规则段落 最后排除法做,解题步骤,1. （3）对应两组keywords 找高频词/原词/同义词 可以自行设问,解题步骤,真题举例,List of Headings i Causes of volcanic eruptionii Efforts to predict volcanic eru

29、ptioniii Volcanoes and the features of our planetiv Different types of volcanic eruptionv International relief effortsvi The unpredictability of volcanic eruptions1. Section A2. Section B3. Section C4. Section D,看线索词 有线索词的地方就有考点！ 段落中表示1顺承关系: in addition, moreover, furthermore, besides, not onlybut a

30、lso, instead of 2转折关系: but, however, yet, nevertheless 3总结关系的词所引导的句子: thus, therefore, all of us,如果1,2 尾句都没有找到,2. 看线索词 有线索词的地方就有考点！ 直接解释法 下定义句型： That is / This is /These/Those 间接解释法例子解释法 注意例子前面的陈述句 LEADING SENTENCE for example/for instance/such as/like/to illustrate/specifically,2. 看线索词 有线索词的地方就有考点！

31、 标点符号（：） 代词,e.g： Interrupting a natural process A The fertile land of the Nile delta is being eroded along Egypts Medeterranean coast at an alarming rate, in some parts estimated at 100 meters per year. B Up to now, people have blamed this loss of delta land on the two large dams at Aswan in the sou

32、th of Egypt,e.g： the impact of wilderness tourism A The market for tourism.there is no cost. As the 1992 UN conference on Environment and development recognized, these regions are fragile,解题技巧最后总结,1 首段的标题中心词往往是文章标题中心词 2 第一句和第二句中重复出现2次以上的关键词，是中心词 3 在某一个段落出现了一个新的关键词，而文章的其他段落均没有提到，则这个词是本段落的中心词段落的特殊性对标题

33、的特殊性 4本段落无法判断中心时，可根据下一段的开头来判断 5 标题中的关键词如果是出现在段落中的一个主从复合句的一个从句当中绝对不可能选为标题 6 标题中的核心词必须出现在你阅读的段落中这是你选这个标题为段落标题的前提条件 7 段落中出现一个新词，且这个新词在该段落中重复出现，该词一定是段落标题的关键词,如果基础较弱,依次看该段落的1、2和最后一句 找到有可能成为key words的单词和词组（术语、斜体、引用其中： 反复提到的单词命中率最高,练习,剑4： 剑5: p66 Q14-17; p85 Q1-3 剑6: p26 Q27-32; p40 Q1-5; p67 Q14-18; p85 Q

34、1-7; p93 Q27-309 剑7: p22 Q14-20; p48 Q27-30; p69 Q14-19,解题难点： 乱序,第二讲. Matching,人 名-观 点配对； 地 名-描 述配对； 时 间 - 事件配对； 分 类 题(Classification)； 句 子-句 子配对（按顺序）； 段落配信息 乱序-语言实力,Matching,人名+观点 1. 确定人名(把人名首字母缩写)顺序回原文中定位 2. 细读题干理论，划出其中关键词 回文中人名定位处寻找： 引言 “X” 下列动词引导的宾语从句（选取一则最好理解的理论。分析句子结构，弄清其重点。） 4. 比较题干理论中关键词与引言或

35、宾语从句中关键词,解题步骤,Argue/claim/deem/believe Discover/refute/conclude Note/notice/remark/propose Announce/point out/perceive,解题步骤,NB You may use any letter more than once. 很有可能是有且仅有一个选项重复使用一次,个别情况会出现两个选项使用两次 人名在文章中出现的顺序是乱序的 第一题往往对应文章的后几个观点，最后一题往往对应文中的前几个观点,Notice,答案出处 答案一定在原文作者姓名的附近出现 重点关注词汇 suggest/show/

36、“” 文章作者姓名不只出现一次，往往第二次出现姓/名,Notice,5 Endangered languages cannot be saved unless people learn to speak more than one language. 6 Saving languages from extinction is not in itself a satisfactory goal. 7 The way we think may be determined by our language. 8 Young people often reject the established way

37、 of life in their community. 9 A change of language may mean a loss of traditional culture,例题,A Michael Krauss B Salikoko Mufwene C Nicholas Ostler D Mark Pagel E Doug Whalen,例题,第四段第三句：Why do people reject the language of their parents? , says Nicholas Ostler, of Britains Foundation for Endangered L

38、anguages, in Bath. People lose faith in their culture, he says. When the next generation reaches their teens, they might not want to be induced into the old traditions. Q8: Young people often reject the established way of life in their community,例题,第六段第一、二句：Language is also intimately bound up with

39、culture so it may be difficult to preserve one without the other. Ifapersonshiftsfrom Navajo to English, they lose something, Mufwene says. Q9: A change of language may mean a loss of traditional culture,例题,第六段第五、六句：Your brain and mine are different from the brain of someone who speaks French, for i

40、nstance, Pagel says, and this could affect our thoughts and perceptions. The patterns and connections we make among various concepts may be structured by the linguistic habits of our community. Q7: The way we think may be determined by our language,例题,第七段第三、四句：The key to fostering diversity is for p

41、eople to learn their ancestral tongue, as well as the dominant language, says Doug Whalen, founder and president of the Endangered Language Fund in New Haven, Connecticut. Most of these languages will not survive without a large degree of bilingualism,he says. Q5: Endangered languages cannot be save

42、d unless people learn to speak more than one language,例题,第七段最后两句：But Mufwene says that preventing a language dying out is not the same as giving it new life by using it every day.Preserving a language is more like preserving fruits in a jar, he says. Q6: Saving languages from extinction is not in it

43、self a satisfactory goal,例题,句子+句子（按顺序） 1. 找出题干Keywords 2. 找出选项Keywords 3. 比较两组Keywords，尽量缩小选择范围（语法排除以及语义排除） 4. 根据题干回文中定位处寻找,解题步骤,24 One of the brains most difficult task is to 25 Because of the language they have developed, humans 26 Individual responses to humour 27 Peter Derks believes that humour

44、,例题,A.react to their own thoughts. B.helped create language in humans. C.respond instantly to whatever is happening. D.may provide valuable information about the operation of the brain. E.cope with difficult situations. F.relate to a persons subjective views. G.led our ancestors to smile and then la

45、ugh,例题,Q27: Peter Derks believes that humour 最后一段第二、三句：As Peter Derks, a psychologist at William and Mary College in Virginia, says: I like to think of humour as the distorted mirror of the mind. Its creative, perceptual, analytical and lingual. If we can figure out how the mind processes humour, th

46、en well have a pretty good handle on how it works in general. D.may provide valuable information about theoperation of the brain,例题,Q26: Individual responses to humour 倒数第二段最后一句：Whether a joke gives pleasure or pain depends ona persons outlook. F relate to a persons subjective views,例题,25 Because of

47、 the language they have developed, humans 倒数第二段第一句：All warm-blooded animals make constant tiny adjustments in arousal in response to external events, but humans, who have developed a much more complicated internal life as a result of language, respond emotionally not only to their surroundings, but

48、to their own thoughts. A react to their own thoughts,例题,24 One of the brains most difficult task is to 倒数第三段第一句：Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding job for the brain, animal or human. C respond instantly to whatever is happening,例题,段落信息配对（乱序） 1.

49、彻底同义转换 2. 完全乱序 3.部分题目存在重复选项 NBYou may use any letter more than once,出题特点,段落信息配对（乱序） 4.从题量上来看，存在着以下两种可能： 1)题量=段落 数+1（肯定带NB） 2)题量 小于段落数两个以上 由于每个选项只能重复使用一次，因此第一种题型就意味着每个段落都会有至少一个答案，而第二种题型则不能保证每段都有。 5. 永远是第一个题型 6.有部分题目与其后的题目有关联,出题特点,I.题量=段落数+1，且带NB的题型（通篇浏览） 1.阅读所有题目，划出关键词 2.通读所有段落，依次寻找答案 II.题量小于段落数两个以上的

50、题型 1.先做其它题目 2.读题，看是否有对应答案 3.根据文章结构以及有否NB，对余下的段落进行猜测,解题思路,Reading Passage 1 has six paragraphs, A-F. Which paragraph contains the following information? Write the correct letter, A-F, in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet. NBYou may use any letter more than once. 1a reference to theexchange of expertiseb

51、etweendifferent sports 2an explanation of howvisual imagingis employed in investigations 3a reason fornarrowing the scope of researchactivity 4how someAIS ideashave beenreproduced 5howobstacles to optimum achievementcan be investigated 6an overview of thefunded supportof athletes 7howperformance req

52、uirementsarecalculated before an event,例题1,A段： finances programme of excellence in （对应第6题funded support） B段：AIS scientists work across a number of sports, applying skills learned in one to others（对应第1题的exchange of expertise和different sports） B段：They all focus on one aim: winning. We cant waste our t

53、ime looking at ethereal scientific questions that dont help the coach work with an athlete（对应第3题narrowing the scope of research） C段：It collects images from digital cameras（对应第2题visual imaging） D段：to monitor heart rate, sweating, heat production or any other factor that might have an impact on an ath

54、letes ability to run（对应第5题obstacles to optimum achievement） E段：Well before a championship, sports scientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a competition model.（对应第7题） F段：Now everyone uses them.（对应第4题AIS ideas和reproduced,Reading Passage 2 has nine paragraphs, A-I. Which parag

55、raph contains the following information? Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 14-19 on your answer sheet. 14a biological explanation of the teacher- subjects behaviour 15the explanation Milgram gave the teacher-subjects for the experiment 16the identity of the pupils 17the expected statistical ou

56、tcome 18the general aim of sociobiological study 19the way Milgram persuaded the teacher-subjects to continue,例题2,选择20题：The teacher subjects were told that they were testing whether问的是实验的目的，这与15题正好是一致的(A段)； 选择 22题： Before the experiment took place the psychiatristsunderestimated the teacher subjects

57、 willingness to comply with experimental procedure.实验之前精神病专家对实验结果的预估，而这又恰恰对应了第17题（D段）； 判断24题：Some people may believe that the teacher-subjects behaviour could be explained as a positive survival mechanism. 正好是对teacher-subject的行为进行的解释，因此马上就能对应出14题的答案在F段； 判断26题：Milgrams experiment solves an important

58、question in sociobiology. 关于sociobiology的，定位到原文的I段， 而这正好对应了第18的答案,解题步骤,解题难点： NG,第三讲. TFNG,题目遵循顺序原则 只考细节 一个自然段考1-3个 每个题干带回到原文,只能对应1-2句话,潜规则,解题思路,定位点 1 . 特殊词 数字，时间，地点，专有名词，大写字母, 斜体字，百分比符号，金钱符号 2. 相对特殊、相对独特的词 独特名词独特动词独特的形容词,考点 是非考点 绝对考点 数字考点 比较考点,是非考点 特殊词/金三角。 Q: Current thinking on humour has largelyi

59、gnoredAristotles view on the subject. 文：But most modern humour theorists havesettled onsome version of Aristotles belief that（剑5 Test 2, Q17） (False,考点解析,数字数量考点 数字数量往往是作者想要强调的重点，因此也常常成为考点。但是有一点要提醒考生注意的是，数字考点不是单独存在的，往往是要和其修饰的名词合在一起构成考点词的。 Q: The 1990 survey related to550,000 consultations with altern

60、ative therapies. 文：The550,000 consultations with alternative therapies（剑4 Test 2, Q18） (YES) Q: The 1993 Sydney survey involved289patients who visited alternative therapists for acupuncture treatments. 文：Dr Laver and his colleagues published a survey of289Sydney people who attended eight alternative